---
title: "The era of monopoly is over! China's version of the 'Manhattan Project' exposed: Has the domestic EUV lithography machine really arrived?"
type: "Topics"
locale: "en"
url: "https://longbridge.com/en/topics/37250721.md"
description: "End of monopoly? China's 'Manhattan Project': First glimpse of domestically produced EUV lithography machine According to the latest report from Reuters, China has made a major breakthrough in the most advanced field of semiconductors: successfully manufacturing a prototype of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machine for producing advanced chips. 1. Challenging ASML's monopoly For a long time, Dutch giant ASML has been the only company in the world capable of producing EUV machines. These machines cost up to $250 million each and are indispensable for producing cutting-edge chips for Nvidia and AMD..."
datetime: "2025-12-19T01:39:10.000Z"
locales:
  - [en](https://longbridge.com/en/topics/37250721.md)
  - [zh-CN](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/topics/37250721.md)
  - [zh-HK](https://longbridge.com/zh-HK/topics/37250721.md)
author: "[投資從零開始 (Andy)](https://longbridge.com/en/profiles/12189443.md)"
---

# The era of monopoly is over! China's version of the 'Manhattan Project' exposed: Has the domestic EUV lithography machine really arrived?

# The End of Monopoly? China's "Manhattan Project": First Look at Domestic EUV Lithography Machine

![May be an image of circuit board, capacitor and text](https://pub.pbkrs.com/uploads/2025/dafb1a64748ac68c05e49544ec0f6baf?x-oss-process=style/lg)

According to the latest Reuters report, China has made a major breakthrough in the most advanced semiconductor field: successfully developing a prototype of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machine for producing cutting-edge chips.

**1\. Challenging ASML's Monopoly**  
For a long time, Dutch giant ASML has been the only company in the world capable of producing EUV machines. These machines cost up to $250 million each and are indispensable for manufacturing Nvidia and AMD's advanced chips.

-   R&D Background: China's six-year "government plan" focused on self-sufficiency is bearing fruit.
-   Strategic Level: Industry insiders compare this to China's version of the "Manhattan Project."

**2\. Huawei's Role and R&D Details**  
This is not just corporate innovation but a national-level mobilization:

-   Coordination: Huawei is reportedly acting as the coordination hub between labs and suppliers.
-   Core Breakthroughs: Former ASML engineers assisted in reverse-engineering some components, aiming to rebuild a semiconductor ecosystem within a closed system.
-   Current Status & Goals: The prototype can already generate EUV light and is now entering the testing phase, with commercialization targeted between 2028 and 2030.

**3\. The "Boomerang Effect" of Western Sanctions**  
The article highlights an uncomfortable truth: export controls have not halted progress but accelerated self-reliance.

-   Forced Internalization: If China could have purchased ASML machines, it might not have pursued such intensive R&D.
-   Narrowing the Gap: While ultra-high-precision optics and Zeiss-level mirrors remain major challenges, the assumption of a "decades-long gap" has been shattered.

**4\. A Complete Game-Changer**  
Once China possesses EUV, even if initial efficiency is lower, the issue shifts from "having or not" to "speed of iteration."

-   Eliminating Bottlenecks: China aims to integrate design, manufacturing, and packaging into a single system, completely removing U.S. supply chains.
-   End of Monopoly: History shows sanctions cannot permanently block a major nation's industrial will. This tech war is accelerating the end of an old era.

![May be an image of text](https://pub.pbkrs.com/uploads/2025/04ce3eb1d20f30ae6de6b4bf0a694c04?x-oss-process=style/lg)

$Taiwan Semiconductor(TSM.US) $ASML(ASML.US) $Applied Materials(AMAT.US) $Lam Research(LRCX.US) $SMIC(00981.HK) $Cambricon(688256.SH) $ZJHTC(600895.SH) $Focuslight(688167.SH) $Mloptic(688502.SH) $NAURA(002371.SZ)

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Investing from Scratch (Andy)  
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