<p><strong>巴西监管机构已告知该国最大的金融科技公司 Nubank，由于该公司没有银行执照，因此不能在国内的品牌中继续使用 “银行” 标签，而 11 月生效的新规定禁止任何没有该执照的公司自称为银行。</strong></p>
<p>这一举措在 Nubank 为 1.1 亿客户提供服务、估值超过 800 亿美元、超过该国所有持牌银行的时刻出台。</p>
<p>这一决定旨在防止人们误以为他们将资金存入一家持牌银行。</p>
<p>Nubank 现在需要快速找到解决方案。该公司试图收购一家较小的持牌银行，而不是花费数年时间通过该国的完整许可流程。</p>
<p>一位熟悉这些讨论的人士表示，Nubank 正在评估已经持有当地执照的银行，甚至可能考虑那些已经累积亏损的银行，因为这些亏损在收购后可能带来税收优惠。</p>
<p>该人士还表示，Banco Digimais SA 是迄今为止被审查的公司之一。Nubank 尚未做出最终决定，如果搜索陷入僵局，仍然可以申请自己的执照。收购一家银行将避免与许可流程相关的漫长等待和高昂成本。</p>
<h3>巴西收紧规则以减少混淆和堵塞漏洞</h3>
<p>中央银行做出这一改变是因为它希望弥补系统中的漏洞，这些漏洞导致混淆和欺诈现象的蔓延。</p>
<p>Nubank 成立于 2013 年，在一个友好的监管环境下发展，该环境允许支付公司发行信用卡并持有账户，而无需成为完整的银行。这一安排促进了增长和竞争，尤其是在一个曾被少数大型银行主导的系统中。</p>
<p>但这也产生了小型参与者滥用的薄弱环节。其中一些参与者与有组织犯罪有关，监管机构表示必须关闭这些漏洞。</p>
<p>今年早些时候，中央银行提高了金融科技公司的最低资本要求，以防止较弱的公司从中渗透。这些变化并未影响像 Nubank 这样的大型金融科技公司，但监管机构确实提高了对 Nubank 本身的监督水平，使其受到类似于中型银行的规则约束。</p>
<p>该公司的首席执行官 David Vélez 本周表示，获得执照 “从监管角度来看不应该是负担”。</p>
<p>随着巴西金融科技行业的扩展，犯罪网络找到了利用这一快速发展的领域的方法。8 月，巴西联邦税务局局长 Robinson Barreirinhas 明确表示，金融科技公司帮助犯罪分子 “转移、隐藏和洗钱非法资金”，并警告这些网络现在使用 “更复杂的工具，如投资基金”。</p>
<p>他的警告是在最近几个月金融科技公司和银行遭遇欺诈案件上升之后发出的。</p>
<h3>金融科技繁荣使监管机构面临压力，犯罪网络利用漏洞</h3>
<p>银行、金融科技公司和行业团体的高管表示，欺诈已成为该国金融系统中最昂贵的问题之一。其影响体现在更高的成本、竞争力下降和消费者信任度降低。</p>
<p>根据 Esfera Institute 使用咨询公司 Distrito 的数据，巴西在 2024 年记录了 1592 家金融科技公司，占拉丁美洲所有金融科技公司的近 60%。但截至 3 月，只有 334 家公司受到中央银行的监管，导致大部分行业处于严格监管之外。</p>
<p>数字资产的兴起带来了更多的访问和竞争，但也为犯罪团伙通过监管较少的渠道转移资金创造了空间。</p>
<p>监管机构、公共安全机构甚至金融科技公司本身都未能跟上这一扩展的速度，缺乏监督导致了大量灰色地带，使非法网络得以发展。</p>
<p>巴西司法部明确表示，当前的斗争重点是切断金融系统中的资金流动。</p>
<p>巴西国家公共安全秘书 Mario Luiz Sarrubbo 表示，通过针对洗钱的有针对性的行动，拆解这些团伙的现金管道现在是打击有组织犯罪的关键部分。</p>
<p>在关键地方被看到。在 Cryptopolitan Research 上做广告，接触加密领域最敏锐的投资者和建设者。</p>

<p>巴西监管机构已禁止 Nubank 在其品牌中使用 “银行” 标签，原因是缺乏银行执照。新规旨在防止混淆和欺诈，这对 Nubank 的运营产生了影响，因为它服务于 1.1 亿客户。Nubank 正在考虑收购一家较小的持牌银行，以绕过漫长的许可流程。该决定反映了巴西在欺诈案件上升和金融漏洞被犯罪分子利用的背景下，努力加强金融科技监管的举措</p>

<p><strong>Brazil’s regulators have told the country’s largest fintech Nubank that it cannot keep using the “bank” label in its branding inside the country because the company does not have a banking license, and the new rule that took effect in November blocks any firm without that license from calling itself a bank.</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>巴西监管机构已告知该国最大的金融科技公司 Nubank，由于该公司没有银行执照，因此不能在国内的品牌中继续使用 “银行” 标签，而 11 月生效的新规定禁止任何没有该执照的公司自称为银行。</strong></p>
</div><p>This move landed on the largest fintech in Brazil at a time when it serves 110 million customers, and its valuation of more than $80 billion sits above every licensed bank in the country.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这一举措在 Nubank 为 1.1 亿客户提供服务、估值超过 800 亿美元、超过该国所有持牌银行的时刻出台。</p>
</div><p>The decision was created to stop people from thinking they are putting their money into a licensed bank when they are not.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这一决定旨在防止人们误以为他们将资金存入一家持牌银行。</p>
</div><p>Nubank now needs a quick way out of this. Instead of spending years going through the country’s full licensing process, the company is trying to buy a smaller licensed bank.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Nubank 现在需要快速找到解决方案。该公司试图收购一家较小的持牌银行，而不是花费数年时间通过该国的完整许可流程。</p>
</div><p>A person familiar with those discussions allegedly said Nubank is evaluating banks that already hold the local license and may even have accumulated losses, since those losses could bring tax benefits after an acquisition.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一位熟悉这些讨论的人士表示，Nubank 正在评估已经持有当地执照的银行，甚至可能考虑那些已经累积亏损的银行，因为这些亏损在收购后可能带来税收优惠。</p>
</div><p>That person also said that Banco Digimais SA is one of the firms examined so far. Nubank has not settled on any final decision and could still file for its own license if the search turns into a dead end. Buying a bank would avoid the long wait and high costs tied to the license process.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该人士还表示，Banco Digimais SA 是迄今为止被审查的公司之一。Nubank 尚未做出最终决定，如果搜索陷入僵局，仍然可以申请自己的执照。收购一家银行将避免与许可流程相关的漫长等待和高昂成本。</p>
</div><h3>Brazil tightens rules to limit confusion and curb loopholes</h3>
<div class="lb-trans"><h3>巴西收紧规则以减少混淆和堵塞漏洞</h3>
</div><p>The central bank made this change because it wants to close gaps in the system that have allowed confusion and fraud to spread.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>中央银行做出这一改变是因为它希望弥补系统中的漏洞，这些漏洞导致混淆和欺诈现象的蔓延。</p>
</div><p>Nubank, founded in 2013, grew under a friendly regulatory setup that let payments companies issue credit cards and hold accounts without being full banks. That setup worked for growth and competition, especially in a system once dominated by a small group of big banks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Nubank 成立于 2013 年，在一个友好的监管环境下发展，该环境允许支付公司发行信用卡并持有账户，而无需成为完整的银行。这一安排促进了增长和竞争，尤其是在一个曾被少数大型银行主导的系统中。</p>
</div><p>But it also produced weak spots that smaller players abused. Some of those players had ties to organized crime, and the authorities said the loopholes had to be closed.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但这也产生了小型参与者滥用的薄弱环节。其中一些参与者与有组织犯罪有关，监管机构表示必须关闭这些漏洞。</p>
</div><p>Earlier this year, the central bank raised minimum capital requirements for fintechs to prevent weaker companies from slipping through the cracks. Those changes do not hit large fintechs like Nubank, but regulators did raise the level of oversight for Nubank itself, placing it under rules similar to what midsize banks face.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>今年早些时候，中央银行提高了金融科技公司的最低资本要求，以防止较弱的公司从中渗透。这些变化并未影响像 Nubank 这样的大型金融科技公司，但监管机构确实提高了对 Nubank 本身的监督水平，使其受到类似于中型银行的规则约束。</p>
</div><p>David Vélez, the company’s chief executive, said this week that getting a license “shouldn’t be a burden from a regulatory point of view.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该公司的首席执行官 David Vélez 本周表示，获得执照 “从监管角度来看不应该是负担”。</p>
</div><p>As Brazil’s fintech sector expanded, criminal networks found ways to exploit the fast-moving space. That concern was made clear in August, when Robinson Barreirinhas, the head of Brazil’s federal revenue service, said fintech companies help criminals “move, conceal and launder illicit money,” and he warned that these networks now use “more sophisticated vehicles such as investment funds.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>随着巴西金融科技行业的扩展，犯罪网络找到了利用这一快速发展的领域的方法。8 月，巴西联邦税务局局长 Robinson Barreirinhas 明确表示，金融科技公司帮助犯罪分子 “转移、隐藏和洗钱非法资金”，并警告这些网络现在使用 “更复杂的工具，如投资基金”。</p>
</div><p>His warning followed a rise in fraud cases that have hit both fintechs and banks in recent months.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他的警告是在最近几个月金融科技公司和银行遭遇欺诈案件上升之后发出的。</p>
</div><h3>Fintech boom stretches regulators as criminal networks exploit gaps</h3>
<div class="lb-trans"><h3>金融科技繁荣使监管机构面临压力，犯罪网络利用漏洞</h3>
</div><p>Executives at banks, fintechs and industry groups had said that fraud has become one of the most expensive problems in the country’s financial system. The impact is felt through higher costs, weaker competition and a drop in consumer trust.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>银行、金融科技公司和行业团体的高管表示，欺诈已成为该国金融系统中最昂贵的问题之一。其影响体现在更高的成本、竞争力下降和消费者信任度降低。</p>
</div><p>Brazil recorded 1,592 fintechs in 2024, which makes up almost 60% of all fintechs in Latin America, based on a study by the Esfera Institute using data from consultancy Distrito. But only 334 of those companies were regulated by the central bank as of March, leaving most of the sector outside strict oversight.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据 Esfera Institute 使用咨询公司 Distrito 的数据，巴西在 2024 年记录了 1592 家金融科技公司，占拉丁美洲所有金融科技公司的近 60%。但截至 3 月，只有 334 家公司受到中央银行的监管，导致大部分行业处于严格监管之外。</p>
</div><p>The rise of digital assets brought more access and more competition, but it also created room for criminal groups to move money through less supervised channels.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>数字资产的兴起带来了更多的访问和竞争，但也为犯罪团伙通过监管较少的渠道转移资金创造了空间。</p>
</div><p>Regulators, public security agencies and even the fintechs themselves have not kept up with the speed of that expansion, and the lack of oversight created large gray areas where illegal networks gained traction.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>监管机构、公共安全机构甚至金融科技公司本身都未能跟上这一扩展的速度，缺乏监督导致了大量灰色地带，使非法网络得以发展。</p>
</div><p>Brazil’s Justice Ministry has made it clear that the fight now centers on cutting off money flows in the financial system.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>巴西司法部明确表示，当前的斗争重点是切断金融系统中的资金流动。</p>
</div><p>Mario Luiz Sarrubbo, Brazil’s national secretary for public security, said dismantling the cash pipelines of these groups through targeted action on money laundering is now a key part of the push against organized crime.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>巴西国家公共安全秘书 Mario Luiz Sarrubbo 表示，通过针对洗钱的有针对性的行动，拆解这些团伙的现金管道现在是打击有组织犯罪的关键部分。</p>
</div><p>Get seen where it counts. Advertise in Cryptopolitan Research and reach crypto’s sharpest investors and builders.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在关键地方被看到。在 Cryptopolitan Research 上做广告，接触加密领域最敏锐的投资者和建设者。</p>
</div>

巴西监管机构禁止 Nubank 在没有获得适当许可证的情况下进行与银行相关的营销活动