--- title: "标普全球表示，战略石油储备的历史性释放只是一个有限的解决方案" type: "News" locale: "zh-CN" url: "https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/279032584.md" description: "标普全球能源表示，国际能源署计划释放 4 亿桶石油，其中包括来自美国的 1.72 亿桶，这对当前石油市场的不平衡来说是一个有限的解决方案，特别是在霍尔木兹海峡仍然关闭的情况下。报告强调，这一释放需要数月时间才能解决 3 月份全球供应减少 4.3 亿桶的问题。市场依然不平衡，过多的石油无法出口，而亚洲的供应不足。持续的干扰和潜在的生产停产进一步复杂化了局势" datetime: "2026-03-13T03:06:59.000Z" locales: - [zh-CN](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/279032584.md) - [en](https://longbridge.com/en/news/279032584.md) - [zh-HK](https://longbridge.com/zh-HK/news/279032584.md) --- # 标普全球表示，战略石油储备的历史性释放只是一个有限的解决方案 Plans for the largest oil reserves distribution in history, announced Wednesday by the International Energy Agency, may prove to be a bridge from a very unbalanced oil market to one that is less so, and it will be a limited solution if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed, according to S&P Global Energy. "The plan to release 400 million barrels, including 172 million barrels from the United States, will help the market adjust to the current imbalance. However, it remains to be seen how the release will support the markets that need it most, particularly Asian markets," the research firm said in a report. It will take months for the 400 million barrels to match the 430 million barrel reduction in global supply in the month of March alone. “There is too much oil that cannot be exported via the Strait of Hormuz and not enough in Asia where stocks are running down. The market is seriously unbalanced and that will continue until the Strait is reopened and upstream and downstream operations return to normal. It will not happen quickly,” said Jim Burkhard, Vice President and Global Head of Crude Oil Research, S&P Global Energy. The 17 million barrels per day (mbpd) reduction in crude oil and refined product supply available to the market from March 1–11 represents the largest oil supply disruption in history and no other historical episode comes close. "S&P Global Energy estimates around 3 to 4 mbpd of oil was exported in the first 11 days of March via routes that bypass the Strait of Hormuz. By contrast, 21 mbpd of oil exports transited the Strait before the war," it said. S&P Global also said that more oil will come from routes that bypass the Strait. Saudi Arabia’s export facility at Yanbu on the Red Sea has an export capacity of 5 million b/d. The United Arab Emirates’ Fujairah terminal, which lies outside the Strait of Hormuz, can export as much as 1.8 million b/d. However, exports from southern Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar will remain negligible until the Strait of Hormuz reopens. "While transportation (the ability for tankers to traverse the Strait of Hormuz) was initially the source of the disruption, concerns continue to grow about the underlying oil production itself," the report said. Up to 6 to 7 mbpd of Gulf crude oil production capacity may be shut in, though the overall number remains in flux. Iraq has shut in at least 2 mbpd of production due to storage constraints. Kuwait has shut in some production and others are shutting in production due to security or storage concerns—or both. “Re-starting field production of this scale will be a massive technical exercise. Depending on the reservoir and how long it is shut in, it could take weeks, months or more to fully restore output. There is a similar concern on the downstream side as large refineries in the Gulf have stopped or curtailed operations,” said Jim Burkhard, Vice President and Global Head of Crude Oil Research, S&P Global Energy. ### 相关股票 - [XOP.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/XOP.US.md) - [IEZ.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/IEZ.US.md) - [USO.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/USO.US.md) - [XES.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/XES.US.md) - [CRAK.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/CRAK.US.md) - [OIH.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/OIH.US.md) - [SPGI.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/SPGI.US.md) - [VDE.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/VDE.US.md) - [XLE.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/XLE.US.md) - [IXC.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/IXC.US.md) - [IEO.US](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/quote/IEO.US.md) ## 相关资讯与研究 - [能源股已经后劲不足，不过这些股票仍可能上涨](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/282764681.md) - [IEA 拉响油市警报：全球石油需求将出现 6 年来首次下降 期货与现货市场严重脱节](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/282659954.md) - [道达尔能源与土耳其 TPAO 寻求黑海勘探合作](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/282710771.md) - [IEA 大幅下修 2026 全球石油展望：需求六年来首次萎缩、供应史上最大中断](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/282664135.md) - [英国石油成战火下的赢家：Q1 交易业务 “异常出色”，油价波动成利润收割机](https://longbridge.com/zh-CN/news/282652018.md)