What is Enterprise-Value-to-Revenue Multiple ?

1180 reads · Last updated: December 5, 2024

The enterprise value-to-revenue multiple (EV/R) is a measure of the value of a stock that compares a company's enterprise value to its revenue.EV/R is one of several fundamental indicators that investors use to determine whether a stock is priced fairly. The EV/R multiple is also often used to determine a company's valuation in the case of a potential acquisition. It’s also called the enterprise value-to-sales multiple.

Definition

The Enterprise Value to Revenue Multiple (EV/R) is a metric used to assess the value of a stock by comparing the enterprise value to its revenue. EV/R is one of the fundamental metrics investors use to determine if a stock is reasonably priced. It is also frequently used to assess a company's valuation in potential acquisition scenarios. It is also known as the Enterprise Value to Sales Multiple.

Origin

The concept of the Enterprise Value to Revenue Multiple originated in the late 20th century as financial markets evolved and investors needed more comprehensive metrics to evaluate a company's market value. The use of EV/R became popular, especially in technology and startup companies, as these companies often do not have profits in their early stages.

Categories and Features

The EV/R multiple is primarily used to evaluate companies in high-growth industries, such as technology and biotechnology, where profits may be unstable or negative. Its feature is that it provides a valuation standard that does not rely on profitability. The advantage of EV/R is that it allows for cross-industry company comparisons, but its disadvantage is that it overlooks a company's profitability and cost structure.

Case Studies

A typical case is Amazon in its early development stages, where investors used the EV/R multiple to assess its market value because the company's profits were thin or negative at the time. Another example is Tesla, during its rapid expansion phase, where the EV/R multiple was used to evaluate its growth potential, despite its profitability not yet being stable.

Common Issues

Investors may encounter issues when using the EV/R multiple, such as ignoring profitability, which can lead to overvaluation risks; differences in revenue structures between companies can affect the accuracy of comparisons. A common misconception is that a lower EV/R multiple always means a better investment opportunity, but this needs to be analyzed in conjunction with other financial metrics.

Suggested for You

Refresh
buzzwords icon
Liquidity Trap
A liquidity trap is an adverse economic situation that can occur when consumers and investors hoard cash rather than spending or investing it even when interest rates are low, stymying efforts by economic policymakers to stimulate economic growth.The term was first used by economist John Maynard Keynes, who defined a liquidity trap as a condition that can occur when interest rates fall so low that most people prefer to let cash sit rather than put money into bonds and other debt instruments. The effect, Keynes said, is to leave monetary policymakers powerless to stimulate growth by increasing the money supply or lowering the interest rate further.A liquidity trap may develop when consumers and investors keep their cash in checking and savings accounts because they believe interest rates will soon rise. That would make bond prices fall, and make them a less attractive option.Since Keynes' day, the term has been used more broadly to describe a condition of slow economic growth caused by widespread cash hoarding due to concern about a negative event that may be coming.

Liquidity Trap

A liquidity trap is an adverse economic situation that can occur when consumers and investors hoard cash rather than spending or investing it even when interest rates are low, stymying efforts by economic policymakers to stimulate economic growth.The term was first used by economist John Maynard Keynes, who defined a liquidity trap as a condition that can occur when interest rates fall so low that most people prefer to let cash sit rather than put money into bonds and other debt instruments. The effect, Keynes said, is to leave monetary policymakers powerless to stimulate growth by increasing the money supply or lowering the interest rate further.A liquidity trap may develop when consumers and investors keep their cash in checking and savings accounts because they believe interest rates will soon rise. That would make bond prices fall, and make them a less attractive option.Since Keynes' day, the term has been used more broadly to describe a condition of slow economic growth caused by widespread cash hoarding due to concern about a negative event that may be coming.

buzzwords icon
Liquid Alternatives
Liquid alternative investments (or liquid alts) are mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that aim to provide investors with diversification and downside protection through exposure to alternative investment strategies. These products' selling point is that they are liquid, meaning that they can be bought and sold daily, unlike traditional alternatives which offer monthly or quarterly liquidity. They come with lower minimum investments than the typical hedge fund, and investors don't have to pass net-worth or income requirements to invest. Critics argue that the liquidity of so-called liquid alts will not hold up in more trying market conditions; most of the capital invested in liquid alts has entered the market during the post-financial crisis bull market. Critics also contend that the fees for liquid alternatives are too high. For proponents, though, liquid alts are a valuable innovation because they make the strategies employed by hedge funds accessible to retail investors.

Liquid Alternatives

Liquid alternative investments (or liquid alts) are mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that aim to provide investors with diversification and downside protection through exposure to alternative investment strategies. These products' selling point is that they are liquid, meaning that they can be bought and sold daily, unlike traditional alternatives which offer monthly or quarterly liquidity. They come with lower minimum investments than the typical hedge fund, and investors don't have to pass net-worth or income requirements to invest. Critics argue that the liquidity of so-called liquid alts will not hold up in more trying market conditions; most of the capital invested in liquid alts has entered the market during the post-financial crisis bull market. Critics also contend that the fees for liquid alternatives are too high. For proponents, though, liquid alts are a valuable innovation because they make the strategies employed by hedge funds accessible to retail investors.