<div id="readability-page-1"><div>RNS Number : 7133M Bank of Nova Scotia 23 December 2025 FORM 8.3PUBLIC OPENING POSITION DISCLOSURE/DEALING DISCLOSURE BYA PERSON WITH INTERESTS IN RELEVANT SECURITIES REPRESENTING 1% OR MORERule 8.3 of the Takeover Code (the &#34;Code&#34;)1. KEY INFORMATION<div><table><tbody><tr><td>(a) Full name of discloser:</td><td>The Bank of Nova Scotia</td></tr><tr><td>(b) Owner or controller of interests and short positions disclosed, if different from 1(a): The naming of nominee or vehicle companies is insufficient. For a trust, the trustee(s), settlor and beneficiaries must be named.</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>(c) Name of offeror/offeree in relation to whose relevant securities this form relates: Use a separate form for each offeror/offeree</td><td>American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc.</td></tr><tr><td>(d) If an exempt fund manager connected with an offeror/offeree, state this and specify identity of offeror/offeree:</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>(e) Date position held/dealing undertaken: For an opening position disclosure, state the latest practicable date prior to the disclosure</td><td>22/12/2025</td></tr><tr><td>(f) In addition to the company in 1(c) above, is the discloser making disclosures in respect of any other party to the offer? If it is a cash offer or possible cash offer, state &#34;N/A&#34;</td><td>Yes - Dowlais Group plc</td></tr></tbody></table></div>2. POSITIONS OF THE PERSON MAKING THE DISCLOSUREIf there are positions or rights to subscribe to disclose in more than one class of relevant securities of the offeror or offeree named in 1(c), copy table 2(a) or (b) (as appropriate) for each additional class of relevant security.(a) Interests and short positions in the relevant securities of the offeror or offeree to which the disclosure relates following the dealing (if any)<div><table><tbody><tr><td>Class of relevant security:</td><td colspan="4">USD 0.01 common</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Interests</td><td colspan="2">Short positions</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Number</td><td>%</td><td>Number</td><td>%</td></tr><tr><td>(1) Relevant securities owned and/or controlled:</td><td>793</td><td>0.00</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>(2) Cash-settled derivatives:</td><td></td><td></td><td>414</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>(3) Stock-settled derivatives (including options) and agreements to purchase/sell:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> TOTAL:</td><td>793</td><td>0.00</td><td>414</td><td>0.00</td></tr></tbody></table></div>All interests and all short positions should be disclosed.Details of any open stock-settled derivative positions (including traded options), or agreements to purchase or sell relevant securities, should be given on a Supplemental Form 8 (Open Positions).(b) Rights to subscribe for new securities (including directors' and other employee options)<ul><li>Class of relevant security in relation to which subscription right exists:</li><li>Details, including nature of the rights concerned and relevant percentages:</li></ul>3. DEALINGS (IF ANY) BY THE PERSON MAKING THE DISCLOSUREWhere there have been dealings in more than one class of relevant securities of the offeror or offeree named in 1(c), copy table 3(a), (b), (c) or (d) (as appropriate) for each additional class of relevant security dealt in.The currency of all prices and other monetary amounts should be stated.(a) Purchases and sales<div><table><tbody><tr><td>Class of relevant security</td><td>Purchase/sale</td><td>Number of securities</td><td>Price per unit</td></tr><tr><td>USD 0.01 common</td><td>Purchase</td><td>3,024</td><td>6.58 USD</td></tr><tr><td>USD 0.01 common</td><td>Sale</td><td>486</td><td>6.58 USD</td></tr><tr><td>USD 0.01 common</td><td>Sale</td><td>2,538</td><td>6.58 USD</td></tr><tr><td>USD 0.01 common</td><td>Purchase</td><td>486</td><td>6.58 USD</td></tr></tbody></table></div>(b) Cash-settled derivative transactions<ul><li>Class of relevant security</li><li>Product descriptione.g. CFD</li><li>Nature of dealinge.g. opening/closing a long/short position, increasing/reducing a long/short position</li><li>Number of reference securities</li><li>Price per unit</li></ul>(c) Stock-settled derivative transactions (including options)(i) Writing, selling, purchasing or varying<ul><li>Class of relevant security</li><li>Product description e.g. call option</li><li>Writing, purchasing, selling, varying etc.</li><li>Number of securities to which option relates</li><li>Exercise price per unit</li><li>Typee.g. American, European etc.</li><li>Expiry date</li><li>Option money paid/ received per unit</li></ul>(ii) Exercise<ul><li>Class of relevant security</li><li>Product descriptione.g. call option</li><li>Exercising/ exercised against</li><li>Number of securities</li><li>Exercise price per unit</li></ul>(d) Other dealings (including subscribing for new securities)<ul><li>Class of relevant security</li><li>Nature of dealinge.g. subscription, conversion</li><li>Details</li><li>Price per unit (if applicable)</li></ul>4. OTHER INFORMATION(a) Indemnity and other dealing arrangements<ul><li>Details of any indemnity or option arrangement, or any agreement or understanding, formal or informal, relating to relevant securities which may be an inducement to deal or refrain from dealing entered into by the person making the disclosure and any party to the offer or any person acting in concert with a party to the offer:Irrevocable commitments and letters of intent should not be included. If there are no such agreements, arrangements or understandings, state &#34;none&#34;</li><li>None</li></ul>(b) Agreements, arrangements or understandings relating to options or derivatives<ul><li>Details of any agreement, arrangement or understanding, formal or informal, between the person making the disclosure and any other person relating to:(i) the voting rights of any relevant securities under any option; or(ii) the voting rights or future acquisition or disposal of any relevant securities to which any derivative is referenced:If there are no such agreements, arrangements or understandings, state &#34;none&#34;</li><li>None</li></ul>(c) Attachments<ul><li>Is a Supplemental Form 8 (Open Positions) attached?</li><li>No</li></ul><div><table><tbody><tr><td>Date of disclosure:</td><td>23/12/2025</td></tr><tr><td>Contact name:</td><td>Jerone Grey</td></tr><tr><td>Telephone number:</td><td>020 7392 1128</td></tr></tbody></table></div>Public disclosures under Rule 8 of the Code must be made to a Regulatory Information Service.The Panel's Market Surveillance Unit is available for consultation in relation to the Code's disclosure requirements on +44 (0) 20 7638 0129.The Code can be viewed on the Panel's website at www.thetakeoverpanel.org.uk.This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact rns@lseg.com or visit www.rns.com.RNS may use your IP address to confirm compliance with the terms and conditions, to analyse how you engage with the information contained in this communication, and to share such analysis on an anonymised basis with others as part of our commercial services. For further information about how RNS and the London Stock Exchange use the personal data you provide us, please see our Privacy Policy. END RETTJBATMTMTBTA</div></div>

The Bank of Nova Scotia disclosed its interests in American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., representing 1% or more of relevant securities, as per Rule 8.3 of the Takeover Code. The disclosure includes positions in USD 0.01 common securities and cash-settled derivatives. No indemnity or option arrangements were reported. The disclosure was made on December 23, 2025.

REG - Bank of Nova Scotia American Axle & Mfg. Dowlais Group PLC - Form 8.3 - American Axle & Mfg Hldgs, Inc