- Global private investment in nuclear fusion reached a record $4.48 billion in 2025, with major energy companies increasingly backing fusion startups and commercialization efforts.
- Italian energy giant Eni S.p.A. plans to deploy a commercial fusion power plant in Europe by the early 2040s and is developing large-scale tritium fuel-cycle facilities to supply future fusion reactors.
- Other major energy companies, including Equinor, Chevron, Shell, and Cenovus, have invested billions of dollars across various competing fusion technologies and startups targeting commercial power plants.