<p><strong>英伟达</strong>(NVDA 8.93%) 的股票在长期内表现出色，尽管其表现自 2023 年开始显著提升。从 2023 年初到 2025 年 1 月 28 日，英伟达的股票上涨了 781%。主要催化剂是对这家人工智能（AI）芯片领导者的图形处理单元（GPU）及相关技术的强劲需求，这些技术使生成式 AI 成为可能，而生成式 AI 正是 ChatGPT 聊天机器人的背后技术。</p>
<p>英伟达有许多竞争优势，但一个可能被许多投资者忽视的重要优势是员工非常喜欢在公司工作。</p>
<h2>科技公司需要顶尖技术人才才能在长期内繁荣</h2>
<p>除了拥有一支高效的高管团队——英伟达恰好具备这一点——科技公司还需要强大的后备力量才能在长期内取得成功。顶尖技术人才，实际上从事技术工作的人员，常常被称为科技公司的 “命脉”。</p>
<p>英伟达、其他所谓的大型科技公司以及英伟达的主要半导体竞争对手在很大程度上都在争夺相同的技术人才——例如软件工程师（也称为软件开发人员）、硬件工程师和计算机科学家。这些职业的人通常供不应求。尤其是那些在人工智能和其他专业领域（如机器人技术）有教育或工作经验的人，更是如此。</p>
<p>此外，英伟达和许多科技公司都位于同一地区：加利福尼亚州的硅谷。这使得在硅谷总部工作的员工竞争更加激烈。</p>
<h2>根据 Glassdoor 评级，英伟达是大型科技公司及主要竞争对手中最佳的工作场所</h2>
<p>由于许多科技公司在争夺具有相似技能的员工，因此被视为 “有吸引力的雇主” 或 “首选雇主” 对公司来说是一个巨大的竞争优势。这是通过提供良好的工作环境、提供晋升机会以及提供具有竞争力的薪酬和福利来实现的。</p>
<p>根据成千上万名员工和前员工在 Glassdoor.com 上的评价，英伟达在这方面获得了最高分。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>大型科技公司</th>
<th>Glassdoor 整体评分（1 到 5 星，5 为最高）</th>
<th>Glassdoor CEO 批准率</th>
<th>Glassdoor 推荐雇主给朋友的比例</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>英伟达</strong></td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>98%</td>
<td>95%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Alphabet</strong>，谷歌母公司</td>
<td>4.3</td>
<td>75%</td>
<td>84%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>微软</strong></td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>92%</td>
<td>86%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Netflix</strong></td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>90%</td>
<td>82%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>苹果</strong></td>
<td>4.1</td>
<td>88%</td>
<td>80%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Meta Platforms</strong>，Facebook 母公司</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>70%</td>
<td>75%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>数据来源：Glassdoor.com。我没有包括 <strong>亚马逊</strong> 和 <strong>特斯拉</strong>，因为它们的员工构成与本图表中的公司非常不同。尽管它们都有显著的技术业务，但它们也都有大量从事体力劳动的小时工。数据截至 2025 年 1 月 28 日。</p>
<p>根据 Glassdoor 的数据显示，英伟达在数据中心 AI GPU 芯片市场上也超越了其竞争对手 <strong>超微半导体</strong> 和 <strong>英特尔</strong>。在与 <strong>博通</strong> 的竞争中，英伟达在面向 AI 驱动的数据中心的高性能网络技术方面也表现出色。博通在公司文化或工作环境类别的 Glassdoor 评价特别差。这种动态部分可能源于博通对通过收购实现增长的重视。像许多采用这种策略的公司一样，裁员往往在每次收购后发生，有时甚至在收购之前就会发生。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>英伟达及其主要半导体公司竞争对手</th>
<th>Glassdoor 整体评分</th>
<th>Glassdoor CEO 批准率</th>
<th>Glassdoor 推荐雇主给朋友的比例</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>英伟达</strong></td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>98%</td>
<td>95%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>超微半导体（AMD）</strong></td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>95%</td>
<td>87%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>英特尔</strong></td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>41%</td>
<td>72%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>博通</strong></td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>47%</td>
<td>43%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>数据来源：Glassdoor.com。数据截至 2025 年 1 月 28 日。</p>
<p>博通评论中提到的第二高频率的 “缺点” 是 “频繁裁员和 [重组]”。AMD 提到的最高 “缺点” 是 “总有某个地方在裁员”。英特尔提到的第三个最常提到的负面方面是 “频繁的重组和裁员”。</p>
<p>英伟达不进行裁员是一个很大的优势。生活在可能裁员的工作不安全感中是压力重重的，感到压力的人可能无法发挥最佳工作表现。此外，裁员可能会对未被裁员员工的士气产生负面影响。可以安全地说，当员工感到没有得到回报的忠诚时，他们整体上不太可能像他们本来可能那样忠诚和努力工作。</p>
<h2>英伟达旨在成为 “人们可以终身发展的地方”</h2>
<p>英伟达的员工流失率非常低，正如你所期望的那样。在 2023 财年，其整体流失率为 5.3%。在其截至 2024 年 1 月底的 2024 财年年报中，公司在这个话题上表示：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>我们希望英伟达成为一个人们可以终身发展的地方。我们的员工往往会来并留下。在 2024 财年，我们的整体流失率为 2.7%。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>需要明确的是，英伟达的非常低的流失率并不意味着它近年来没有招聘许多新员工。实际上，它一直在招聘。公司一直在增长，因此几乎总是处于招聘状态。</p>
<p>简而言之，快乐的员工往往更忠诚和努力工作。快乐的员工往往对客户更友好。快乐的员工往往对供应商和分包商更友好。所有这些因素对公司的长期成功都至关重要。</p>

英伟达

<p>英伟达（Nvidia，股票代码：NVDA）在 2023 年初以来的股票表现非常出色，涨幅达到 781%，这主要得益于对其人工智能 GPU 的需求。其一个关键的竞争优势是作为一个吸引人的雇主的声誉，Glassdoor 评分为 4.6，CEO 的支持率高，员工流失率仅为 5.3%。这与竞争对手如 AMD、英特尔和博通形成对比，后者面临裁员和糟糕的工作文化等挑战。英伟达员工的高满意度对于在竞争激烈的市场中吸引顶尖科技人才至关重要，尤其是在硅谷</p>

<p><strong>Nvidia</strong>(NVDA 8.93%) stock has been a great performer over the long term, though its performance notably revved up starting in 2023. From the start of that year through Jan. 28, 2025, Nvidia stock has gained 781%. The main catalyst has been powerful demand for the artificial intelligence (AI) chip leader's graphics processing units (GPUs) and related technology to enable generative AI, the tech behind the ChatGPT chatbot.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>英伟达</strong>(NVDA 8.93%) 的股票在长期内表现出色，尽管其表现自 2023 年开始显著提升。从 2023 年初到 2025 年 1 月 28 日，英伟达的股票上涨了 781%。主要催化剂是对这家人工智能（AI）芯片领导者的图形处理单元（GPU）及相关技术的强劲需求，这些技术使生成式 AI 成为可能，而生成式 AI 正是 ChatGPT 聊天机器人的背后技术。</p>
</div><p>Nvidia has many competitive advantages, but one big one that probably flies under the radar of many investors is that employees really like working for the company.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>英伟达有许多竞争优势，但一个可能被许多投资者忽视的重要优势是员工非常喜欢在公司工作。</p>
</div><h2>Tech companies need top technical talent to prosper over the long run</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>科技公司需要顶尖技术人才才能在长期内繁荣</h2>
</div><p>Along with a highly capable top management team -- which Nvidia has -- a tech company also needs strong bench strength to succeed over the long run. Top tech talent, the folks who actually do the technical work, is rightfully often called the &#34;lifeblood&#34; of technology companies.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>除了拥有一支高效的高管团队——英伟达恰好具备这一点——科技公司还需要强大的后备力量才能在长期内取得成功。顶尖技术人才，实际上从事技术工作的人员，常常被称为科技公司的 “命脉”。</p>
</div><p>Nvidia, the other so-called big tech companies, and Nvidia's main semiconductor competitors are largely competing for the same tech talent -- such as software engineers (also called software developers), hardware engineers, and computer scientists. People in these occupations are often in high demand and short supply. That's even more true with folks with educational or work experience in AI and other specialized areas, such as robotics.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>英伟达、其他所谓的大型科技公司以及英伟达的主要半导体竞争对手在很大程度上都在争夺相同的技术人才——例如软件工程师（也称为软件开发人员）、硬件工程师和计算机科学家。这些职业的人通常供不应求。尤其是那些在人工智能和其他专业领域（如机器人技术）有教育或工作经验的人，更是如此。</p>
</div><p>Moreover, Nvidia and many tech companies are based in the same area: California's Silicon Valley. That makes competition for employees who work out of a Silicon Valley headquarters even more intense.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>此外，英伟达和许多科技公司都位于同一地区：加利福尼亚州的硅谷。这使得在硅谷总部工作的员工竞争更加激烈。</p>
</div><h2>Nvidia: The best workplace among the big techs and key competitors per Glassdoor ratings</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>根据 Glassdoor 评级，英伟达是大型科技公司及主要竞争对手中最佳的工作场所</h2>
</div><p>Since many tech companies are competing for employees with similar skills, it's a huge competitive advantage for a company to be considered an &#34;attractive employer&#34; or an &#34;employer of choice.&#34; This is achieved by offering a good work environment, providing opportunities for advancement, and providing competitive compensation and benefits.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>由于许多科技公司在争夺具有相似技能的员工，因此被视为 “有吸引力的雇主” 或 “首选雇主” 对公司来说是一个巨大的竞争优势。这是通过提供良好的工作环境、提供晋升机会以及提供具有竞争力的薪酬和福利来实现的。</p>
</div><p>Nvidia gets top marks here, according to thousands of reviews by its employees and former employees on Glassdoor.com.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据成千上万名员工和前员工在 Glassdoor.com 上的评价，英伟达在这方面获得了最高分。</p>
</div><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Big Tech Company</th>
<th>Glassdoor Overall Rating (Scale 1 to 5 Stars, With 5 the Highest)</th>
<th>Glassdoor CEO Approval Rate</th>
<th>Glassdoor Recommend Employer to a Friend Rate</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Nvidia</strong></td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>98%</td>
<td>95%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Alphabet</strong>, Google's parent</td>
<td>4.3</td>
<td>75%</td>
<td>84%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Microsoft</strong></td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>92%</td>
<td>86%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Netflix</strong></td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>90%</td>
<td>82%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Apple</strong></td>
<td>4.1</td>
<td>88%</td>
<td>80%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Meta Platforms</strong>, Facebook's parent</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>70%</td>
<td>75%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="lb-trans"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>大型科技公司</th>
<th>Glassdoor 整体评分（1 到 5 星，5 为最高）</th>
<th>Glassdoor CEO 批准率</th>
<th>Glassdoor 推荐雇主给朋友的比例</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>英伟达</strong></td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>98%</td>
<td>95%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Alphabet</strong>，谷歌母公司</td>
<td>4.3</td>
<td>75%</td>
<td>84%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>微软</strong></td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>92%</td>
<td>86%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Netflix</strong></td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>90%</td>
<td>82%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>苹果</strong></td>
<td>4.1</td>
<td>88%</td>
<td>80%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Meta Platforms</strong>，Facebook 母公司</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>70%</td>
<td>75%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><p>Data source: Glassdoor.com. I didn't include <strong>Amazon</strong> and <strong>Tesla</strong> because their workforce compositions are very different from the companies in this chart. Even though they both have significant tech operations, they also both have a large percentage of hourly employees who do manual labor. Data as of Jan. 28, 2025.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>数据来源：Glassdoor.com。我没有包括 <strong>亚马逊</strong> 和 <strong>特斯拉</strong>，因为它们的员工构成与本图表中的公司非常不同。尽管它们都有显著的技术业务，但它们也都有大量从事体力劳动的小时工。数据截至 2025 年 1 月 28 日。</p>
</div><p>Nvidia also outshines its competitors in the data center AI GPU chip market, <strong>Advanced Micro Devices</strong> and <strong>Intel</strong>, according to Glassdoor. And it outscores <strong>Broadcom</strong>, with which it competes in high-performance networking technologies for AI-driven data centers. Broadcom's Glassdoor reviews are particularly weak in the category of company culture, or work environment. Part of this dynamic probably stems from Broadcom's heavy emphasis on growth by acquisitions. Like many companies that employ such a strategy, layoffs often follow each acquisition and sometimes precede them, too.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据 Glassdoor 的数据显示，英伟达在数据中心 AI GPU 芯片市场上也超越了其竞争对手 <strong>超微半导体</strong> 和 <strong>英特尔</strong>。在与 <strong>博通</strong> 的竞争中，英伟达在面向 AI 驱动的数据中心的高性能网络技术方面也表现出色。博通在公司文化或工作环境类别的 Glassdoor 评价特别差。这种动态部分可能源于博通对通过收购实现增长的重视。像许多采用这种策略的公司一样，裁员往往在每次收购后发生，有时甚至在收购之前就会发生。</p>
</div><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Nvidia and Its Main Semiconductor Company Competitors</th>
<th>Glassdoor Overall Rating</th>
<th>Glassdoor CEO Approval Rate</th>
<th>Glassdoor Recommend Employer to a Friend Rate</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Nvidia</strong></td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>98%</td>
<td>95%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)</strong></td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>95%</td>
<td>87%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Intel</strong></td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>41%</td>
<td>72%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Broadcom</strong></td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>47%</td>
<td>43%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="lb-trans"><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>英伟达及其主要半导体公司竞争对手</th>
<th>Glassdoor 整体评分</th>
<th>Glassdoor CEO 批准率</th>
<th>Glassdoor 推荐雇主给朋友的比例</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>英伟达</strong></td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>98%</td>
<td>95%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>超微半导体（AMD）</strong></td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>95%</td>
<td>87%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>英特尔</strong></td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>41%</td>
<td>72%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>博通</strong></td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>47%</td>
<td>43%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><p>Data source: Glassdoor.com. Data as of Jan. 28, 2025.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>数据来源：Glassdoor.com。数据截至 2025 年 1 月 28 日。</p>
</div><p>Broadcom's second-highest-frequency &#34;con&#34; in the reviews was &#34;frequent layoffs and [reorganizations].&#34; AMD's highest &#34;con&#34; was &#34;there is always a downsizing somewhere.&#34; Intel's third most mentioned negative aspect was &#34;frequent reorganizations and layoffs.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>博通评论中提到的第二高频率的 “缺点” 是 “频繁裁员和 [重组]”。AMD 提到的最高 “缺点” 是 “总有某个地方在裁员”。英特尔提到的第三个最常提到的负面方面是 “频繁的重组和裁员”。</p>
</div><p>That Nvidia doesn't engage in layoffs is a big plus. Living with the job insecurity that surrounds possible layoffs is stressful and stressed people probably can't do their best work. Moreover, layoffs can negatively affect the morale of employees who are not let go. It seems safe to opine that employees, as a whole, are not apt to be as loyal and hardworking as they otherwise might be when they feel like they don't get loyalty in return.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>英伟达不进行裁员是一个很大的优势。生活在可能裁员的工作不安全感中是压力重重的，感到压力的人可能无法发挥最佳工作表现。此外，裁员可能会对未被裁员员工的士气产生负面影响。可以安全地说，当员工感到没有得到回报的忠诚时，他们整体上不太可能像他们本来可能那样忠诚和努力工作。</p>
</div><h2>Nvidia aims to be a &#34;place where people can build their careers over a lifetime&#34;</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>英伟达旨在成为 “人们可以终身发展的地方”</h2>
</div><p>Nvidia's turnover rate is very low, as you might expect. In fiscal year 2023, its overall turnover rate was 5.3%. And in its annual report for fiscal year 2024, which ended in late January 2024, here's what the company said on this topic:</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>英伟达的员工流失率非常低，正如你所期望的那样。在 2023 财年，其整体流失率为 5.3%。在其截至 2024 年 1 月底的 2024 财年年报中，公司在这个话题上表示：</p>
</div><blockquote>
<p>We want NVIDIA to be a place where people can build their careers over their lifetime. Our employees tend to come and stay. In fiscal year 2024, our overall turnover rate was 2.7%.</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="lb-trans"><blockquote>
<p>我们希望英伟达成为一个人们可以终身发展的地方。我们的员工往往会来并留下。在 2024 财年，我们的整体流失率为 2.7%。</p>
</blockquote>
</div><p>To be clear, Nvidia's very low turnover rate doesn't mean that it has not hired many new employees in recent years. It has. The company has been growing, so it's nearly always in a hiring mode.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>需要明确的是，英伟达的非常低的流失率并不意味着它近年来没有招聘许多新员工。实际上，它一直在招聘。公司一直在增长，因此几乎总是处于招聘状态。</p>
</div><p>In short, it seems probable that happy employees tend to be more loyal and hardworking. Happy employees tend to treat customers better. Happy employees tend to treat suppliers and subcontractors better. All these factors are important for a company's long-term success.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>简而言之，快乐的员工往往更忠诚和努力工作。快乐的员工往往对客户更友好。快乐的员工往往对供应商和分包商更友好。所有这些因素对公司的长期成功都至关重要。</p>
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Nvidia Has 1 Huge Competitive Advantage That Probably Flies Under the Radar of Many Investors

- Nvidia 股票自 2023 年以来上涨 781%，受 AI 芯片需求推动。  
- 员工满意度高，Glassdoor 评分 4.6，低流失率有助于公司长期成功。  
- Nvidia 在数据中心 AI GPU 市场表现优于竞争对手，文化氛围良好。  

英伟达拥有一个巨大的竞争优势，这一点可能被许多投资者忽视了