<p>苏丹阿拉伯胶被用于消费品，正被走私到其他非洲国家</p>
<p>RSF 控制着苏丹主要的阿拉伯胶采集地区，复杂了供应链</p>
<p>商贩提供没有冲突无证书的廉价阿拉伯胶</p>
<p>与 RSF 有关的阿拉伯胶出现在非正式市场，走私到邻国</p>
<p>作者：Richa Naidu, Khalid Abdelaziz</p>
<p>伦敦/迪拜，3 月 4 日（路透社）——阿拉伯胶是一种重要成分，广泛用于可口可乐（Coca-Cola (KO.N)）和 M&amp;M’s 糖果等产品，商贩和行业消息人士表示，越来越多的阿拉伯胶正从战乱中的苏丹叛军控制区走私出去，这使得西方公司在努力保护其供应链免受冲突影响时面临困难。苏丹生产全球约 80% 的阿拉伯胶，这是一种从金合欢树上采集的天然物质，广泛用于混合、稳定和增稠大宗商品中的成分，包括欧莱雅（L’Oreal (OREP.PA)）的口红和雀巢（Nestle (NESN.S)）的宠物食品。自 2023 年 4 月以来，与苏丹国军作战的准军事组织快速支援部队（RSF）去年底夺取了苏丹西部科尔多凡和达尔富尔的主要阿拉伯胶采集地区。自那时起，这种原材料只能由苏丹商贩以支付给 RSF 的费用进行市场销售，正通过没有适当认证的方式流向苏丹邻国，八位直接参与阿拉伯胶交易或驻扎在苏丹的生产者和买家表示。</p>
<p>两位商贩告诉路透社，这种阿拉伯胶也通过非正式边境市场出口。</p>
<p>当被问及评论时，RSF 的一位代表表示，该部队保护了阿拉伯胶贸易，仅收取小额费用，并补充说，任何违法行为的说法都是针对该准军事组织的宣传。上个月，RSF 与盟友签署了一项章程，在其控制的苏丹地区建立了一个平行政府。</p>
<p>最近几个月，像乍得和塞内加尔等阿拉伯胶生产量低于苏丹的国家，或在战争前几乎没有出口阿拉伯胶的国家，如埃及和南苏丹，开始积极以低价提供这种商品，并且没有证明其无冲突的证据，两位被商贩接触的买家告诉路透社。虽然产出阿拉伯胶的金合欢树遍布非洲干旱的萨赫勒地区——被称为 “阿拉伯胶带”——但由于其广泛的种植园，苏丹已成为全球最大的出口国。</p>
<p>新加坡特种食品成分供应商 Eco-Agri 的全球市场专员 Herve Canevet 表示，通常很难确定阿拉伯胶的供应来源，因为许多商贩不会透露他们的产品是否被走私。</p>
<p>“今天，我会说苏丹的阿拉伯胶全都是走私的，因为这个国家没有真正的权威，” 他说。</p>
<p>国际阿拉伯胶推广协会（AIPG）在 1 月 27 日的公开声明中表示，它 “没有看到阿拉伯胶供应链与竞争（苏丹）势力之间存在任何联系的证据。”</p>
<p>然而，五位行业消息人士表示，这种不透明的新贸易风险渗透全球成分制造商的采购系统。像 Nexira、Alland &amp; Robert 和 Ingredion 这样的公司购买经过精炼的琥珀色阿拉伯胶，将其转化为乳化剂，并将其出售给大型消费品公司。</p>
<p>路透社联系到 Ingredion 时，该公司表示，它努力确保所有供应链交易都是完全合法的，并自战争开始以来多元化采购，包括其他国家如喀麦隆。</p>
<p>Nexira 告诉路透社，内战促使其减少从苏丹的进口，并采取主动措施减轻冲突对其供应链的影响，包括扩大采购到其他十个国家。</p>
<p>Alland &amp; Robert、雀巢和可口可乐未对此发表评论。M&amp;M’s 制造商玛氏和欧莱雅未回复评论请求。</p>
<h3>廉价阿拉伯胶待售</h3>
<p>位于喀土穆的 Unity Arabic Gum 创始人 Mohammed Hussein Sorge 表示，他在 12 月被塞内加尔和乍得的商贩提供了阿拉伯胶。</p>
<p>他说，乍得的商贩要价每吨 3500 美元，而这种主要在苏丹生产的 hashab 胶是一种更昂贵的阿拉伯胶，通常他会期望支付超过每吨 5000 美元。</p>
<p>卖家无法提供 Sedex 认证，确保买家供应商符合可持续和道德标准，Sorge 还告诉路透社。</p>
<p>Sorge 没有购买这批阿拉伯胶，因为他担心低价和缺乏文件表明这批胶是在苏丹被盗或通过非正式的 RSF 相关网络出口的。</p>
<p>“走私者能够通过 RSF 走私阿拉伯胶，因为 RSF 控制着所有生产区域，” Sorge 说。</p>
<p>Sorge 在 2023 年 RSF 部队偷走他全部阿拉伯胶供应后逃往埃及，他与路透社分享了 WhatsApp 消息，显示这些阿拉伯胶商贩在五个不同的场合联系过他，包括最近的 1 月 9 日。自 10 月以来，RSF 禁止向埃及出口 12 种商品，包括阿拉伯胶，以报复其所称的埃及对该民兵组织的空袭。</p>
<p>当被问及评论时，该准军事组织表示，它禁止所谓的走私到埃及，因为这对苏丹没有好处。</p>
<p>一位因安全原因拒绝透露姓名的买家回忆起他也被神秘的阿拉伯胶商贩接触的经历。</p>
<p>“我有（阿卡西亚）seyal 清洗后的开放数量准备发货，” 一条 WhatsApp 消息写道，路透社审阅了这条消息，提供了一批 seyal 胶，这是一种更便宜的阿拉伯胶品种。在后续的 WhatsApp 消息中，商贩提议每两个月安排一次发货，价格可协商为每公吨 1950 美元，低于买家表示他期望为这种货物支付的每吨 3000 美元。</p>
<p>在与同一买家的另一条 WhatsApp 对话中，路透社审阅的另一位商贩表示，载有阿拉伯胶的卡车已越过苏丹边境进入南苏丹和埃及。</p>
<p>在所有情况下，橡胶贸易商无法提供 Sedex 认证，买家表示，他拒绝了这些报价，因为担心橡胶来自与 RSF 相关的网络。</p>
<h3>改变路线</h3>
<p>在苏丹内战之前，原料橡胶会在喀土穆进行分类，然后通过卡车运送到红海的苏丹港，通过苏伊士运河运往世界各地。</p>
<p>然而，自去年底以来，与 RSF 相关的阿拉伯胶开始在苏丹西科尔多凡省与南苏丹边界的两个非正式市场上出售，一位来自 RSF 控制区的买家表示，由于安全考虑，他拒绝透露姓名。</p>
<p>这位买家是西科尔多凡地区的一位主要贸易商，他表示，贸易商从苏丹土地所有者那里收集橡胶，并以美元的价格在这些市场上出售给南苏丹贸易商。所有这一切都在 RSF 的保护下进行，贸易商为此支付费用，买家补充道。</p>
<p>拥有西科尔多凡的金合欢林的生产者阿卜杜拉·穆罕默德也告诉路透社，RSF 会向贸易商收取保护费。这个准军事组织已经将其利益多元化，涉及黄金、牲畜、农业和银行业。</p>
<p>南苏丹信息部长迈克尔·马库伊（Michael Makuei），同时也是政府发言人，告诉路透社，橡胶通过南苏丹的运输并不是政府的责任。对南苏丹贸易和工业部长约瑟夫·穆姆·马贾克（Joseph Moum Majak）的电话和信息未得到回复。</p>
<p>买家表示，RSF 还通过乌姆达福格边境小镇将产品运送到中非共和国，并补充说，一部分产品运往乍得。一位位于苏丹以外的批发买家告诉路透社，橡胶现在正通过肯尼亚的蒙巴萨和南苏丹首都朱巴出口。</p>
<p>非法来源的阿拉伯胶也出现在网上销售。现为英国难民的苏丹橡胶加工商伊萨姆·西迪格（Isam Siddig）告诉路透社，他在喀土穆的仓库在他于 2023 年 4 月逃离时被 RSF 突袭，身边带着三只装有橡胶的行李箱。</p>
<p>一年后，他的橡胶产品仍以其公司品牌包装的形式出现在网上 Facebook 小组中，路透社分享的截图显示。</p>
<p>埃及、肯尼亚和南苏丹成为向欧盟出口阿拉伯胶的国家</p>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://reut.rs/3X02zph?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://reut.rs/3X02zph"/></p>
<p>自战争开始以来，苏丹对欧盟的阿拉伯胶出口已下降</p>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://reut.rs/42UZ6Ms?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://reut.rs/42UZ6Ms"/></p>

可口可乐

<p>阿拉伯胶是可口可乐和 M&M's 等产品中的关键成分，正从冲突频发的苏丹被走私，这使得西方公司的供应链变得复杂。准军事组织快速支援部队（RSF）控制着主要的阿拉伯胶采集地区，导致无监管的出口和廉价、未经认证的阿拉伯胶进入邻国市场。行业消息人士对这一不透明的贸易表示担忧，这可能会渗透到全球供应链中。Ingredion 和 Nexira 等公司正在多元化其采购，以降低与冲突相关的风险，而 RSF 则声称在保护阿拉伯胶贸易</p>

<p>Sudanese gum arabic, used in consumer goods, is being trafficked to other African countries</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>苏丹阿拉伯胶被用于消费品，正被走私到其他非洲国家</p>
</div><p>RSF controls Sudan’s main gum-harvesting regions, complicating supply chains</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>RSF 控制着苏丹主要的阿拉伯胶采集地区，复杂了供应链</p>
</div><p>Traders offer cheap gum without conflict-free certification</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>商贩提供没有冲突无证书的廉价阿拉伯胶</p>
</div><p>RSF-affiliated gum appears in informal markets, smuggled to neighbours</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>与 RSF 有关的阿拉伯胶出现在非正式市场，走私到邻国</p>
</div><p>By Richa Naidu, Khalid Abdelaziz</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作者：Richa Naidu, Khalid Abdelaziz</p>
</div><p>LONDON/DUBAI, March 4 (Reuters) - Gum arabic, a vital ingredient used in everything from Coca-Cola (KO.N) to M&amp;M’s sweets, is increasingly being trafficked from rebel-held areas of war-torn Sudan, traders and industry sources say, complicating Western companies’ efforts to insulate their supply chains from the conflict. Sudan produces around 80% of the world’s gum arabic, a natural substance harvested from acacia trees that’s widely used to mix, stabilise and thicken ingredients in mass-market products including L’Oreal (OREP.PA) lipsticks and Nestle (NESN.S) petfood. The paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), at war since April 2023 with Sudan’s national army, seized control late last year of the main gum-harvesting regions of Kordofan and Darfur in western Sudan. Since then the raw product, which can only be marketed by Sudanese traders in return for a fee to the RSF, is making its way to Sudan’s neighbours without proper certification, according to conversations with eight producers and buyers who are directly involved in gum arabic trading or based in Sudan.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>伦敦/迪拜，3 月 4 日（路透社）——阿拉伯胶是一种重要成分，广泛用于可口可乐（Coca-Cola (KO.N)）和 M&amp;M’s 糖果等产品，商贩和行业消息人士表示，越来越多的阿拉伯胶正从战乱中的苏丹叛军控制区走私出去，这使得西方公司在努力保护其供应链免受冲突影响时面临困难。苏丹生产全球约 80% 的阿拉伯胶，这是一种从金合欢树上采集的天然物质，广泛用于混合、稳定和增稠大宗商品中的成分，包括欧莱雅（L’Oreal (OREP.PA)）的口红和雀巢（Nestle (NESN.S)）的宠物食品。自 2023 年 4 月以来，与苏丹国军作战的准军事组织快速支援部队（RSF）去年底夺取了苏丹西部科尔多凡和达尔富尔的主要阿拉伯胶采集地区。自那时起，这种原材料只能由苏丹商贩以支付给 RSF 的费用进行市场销售，正通过没有适当认证的方式流向苏丹邻国，八位直接参与阿拉伯胶交易或驻扎在苏丹的生产者和买家表示。</p>
</div><p>The gum is also exported through informal border markets, two traders told Reuters.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>两位商贩告诉路透社，这种阿拉伯胶也通过非正式边境市场出口。</p>
</div><p>Asked for comment, a RSF representative said that the force had protected the gum arabic trade and only collected small fees, adding that talk of any lawbreaking was propaganda against the paramilitary group. Last month, the RSF signed a charter with allied groups establishing a parallel government in the parts of Sudan it controls.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当被问及评论时，RSF 的一位代表表示，该部队保护了阿拉伯胶贸易，仅收取小额费用，并补充说，任何违法行为的说法都是针对该准军事组织的宣传。上个月，RSF 与盟友签署了一项章程，在其控制的苏丹地区建立了一个平行政府。</p>
</div><p>In recent months, traders in countries with lower-gum arabic production than Sudan, such as Chad and Senegal, or which barely exported it before the war, like Egypt and South Sudan, have begun to aggressively offer the commodity at cheap prices and without proof it is conflict-free, two buyers who have been approached by traders told Reuters. While the acacia trees that yield gum arabic grow across the Africa’s arid Sahel region - known as the ‘gum belt’ - Sudan has become by far the world’s biggest exporter due to its extensive groves.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>最近几个月，像乍得和塞内加尔等阿拉伯胶生产量低于苏丹的国家，或在战争前几乎没有出口阿拉伯胶的国家，如埃及和南苏丹，开始积极以低价提供这种商品，并且没有证明其无冲突的证据，两位被商贩接触的买家告诉路透社。虽然产出阿拉伯胶的金合欢树遍布非洲干旱的萨赫勒地区——被称为 “阿拉伯胶带”——但由于其广泛的种植园，苏丹已成为全球最大的出口国。</p>
</div><p>Herve Canevet, Global Marketing Specialist at Singapore-based supplier of speciality food ingredients Eco-Agri, said it was often difficult to determine where gum supplies are coming from as many traders would not say if their product has been smuggled.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>新加坡特种食品成分供应商 Eco-Agri 的全球市场专员 Herve Canevet 表示，通常很难确定阿拉伯胶的供应来源，因为许多商贩不会透露他们的产品是否被走私。</p>
</div><p>“Today, the gum in Sudan, I would say all of it is smuggled, because there’s no real authority in the country,” he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“今天，我会说苏丹的阿拉伯胶全都是走私的，因为这个国家没有真正的权威，” 他说。</p>
</div><p>The Association for International Promotion of Gums (AIPG), an industry lobby, said in a January 27 public statement it “does not see any evidence of links between gum (arabic) supply chain and the competing (Sudanese) forces.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>国际阿拉伯胶推广协会（AIPG）在 1 月 27 日的公开声明中表示，它 “没有看到阿拉伯胶供应链与竞争（苏丹）势力之间存在任何联系的证据。”</p>
</div><p>However, five industry sources said the opaque new trade in gum risked infiltrating the procurement system of global ingredients makers. Companies like Nexira, Alland &amp; Robert, and Ingredion buy a refined version of the amber-colored gum, turn it into emulsifiers and sell it to big consumer goods firms.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>然而，五位行业消息人士表示，这种不透明的新贸易风险渗透全球成分制造商的采购系统。像 Nexira、Alland &amp; Robert 和 Ingredion 这样的公司购买经过精炼的琥珀色阿拉伯胶，将其转化为乳化剂，并将其出售给大型消费品公司。</p>
</div><p>Contacted by Reuters, Ingredion said it works to ensure that all supply chain transactions are fully legitimate and has diversified sourcing since the start of the war to include other countries such as Cameroon.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>路透社联系到 Ingredion 时，该公司表示，它努力确保所有供应链交易都是完全合法的，并自战争开始以来多元化采购，包括其他国家如喀麦隆。</p>
</div><p>Nexira told Reuters the civil war prompted it to cut its imports from Sudan and take proactive measures to mitigate the impact of the conflict on its supply chain, including broadening sourcing to ten other countries.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Nexira 告诉路透社，内战促使其减少从苏丹的进口，并采取主动措施减轻冲突对其供应链的影响，包括扩大采购到其他十个国家。</p>
</div><p>Alland &amp; Robert, Nestle and Coca Cola did not comment. M&amp;Ms maker Mars and L’Oreal did not return requests for comment.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Alland &amp; Robert、雀巢和可口可乐未对此发表评论。M&amp;M’s 制造商玛氏和欧莱雅未回复评论请求。</p>
</div><h3>CHEAP GUM FOR SALE</h3>
<div class="lb-trans"><h3>廉价阿拉伯胶待售</h3>
</div><p>Mohammed Hussein Sorge, founder of Khartoum-based Unity Arabic Gum, which served global ingredients makers before the war, said he was offered gum arabic in December by traders in Senegal and Chad.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>位于喀土穆的 Unity Arabic Gum 创始人 Mohammed Hussein Sorge 表示，他在 12 月被塞内加尔和乍得的商贩提供了阿拉伯胶。</p>
</div><p>He said the Chad-based traders wanted $3,500 per tonne for hashab gum, a more expensive variety of gum arabic primarily produced in Sudan, for which he would normally expect to pay more than $5,000 per tonne.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他说，乍得的商贩要价每吨 3500 美元，而这种主要在苏丹生产的 hashab 胶是一种更昂贵的阿拉伯胶，通常他会期望支付超过每吨 5000 美元。</p>
</div><p>The sellers could not provide a Sedex certification, which ensures buyers a supplier meets sustainable and ethical standards, Sorge also told Reuters.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>卖家无法提供 Sedex 认证，确保买家供应商符合可持续和道德标准，Sorge 还告诉路透社。</p>
</div><p>Sorge did not buy the gum because he feared the low price and lack of documentation was an indication it had been stolen in Sudan or exported via informal RSF-affiliated networks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Sorge 没有购买这批阿拉伯胶，因为他担心低价和缺乏文件表明这批胶是在苏丹被盗或通过非正式的 RSF 相关网络出口的。</p>
</div><p>“Smugglers manage to smuggle gum arabic through the RSF because the RSF controls all production areas,” Sorge said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“走私者能够通过 RSF 走私阿拉伯胶，因为 RSF 控制着所有生产区域，” Sorge 说。</p>
</div><p>Sorge, who fled to Egypt after RSF forces stole his entire gum supply in 2023, shared WhatsApp messages with Reuters showing these gum traders had reached out on five separate occasions, including as recently as January 9. Since October, the RSF banned exports for 12 goods to Egypt, including gum Arabic, in retaliation for what it said was Egyptian airstrikes against the militia.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Sorge 在 2023 年 RSF 部队偷走他全部阿拉伯胶供应后逃往埃及，他与路透社分享了 WhatsApp 消息，显示这些阿拉伯胶商贩在五个不同的场合联系过他，包括最近的 1 月 9 日。自 10 月以来，RSF 禁止向埃及出口 12 种商品，包括阿拉伯胶，以报复其所称的埃及对该民兵组织的空袭。</p>
</div><p>Asked for comment, the paramilitary said it banned what it called smuggling to Egypt because it was not benefiting Sudan.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当被问及评论时，该准军事组织表示，它禁止所谓的走私到埃及，因为这对苏丹没有好处。</p>
</div><p>A buyer, who declined to be named for safety reasons, recounted how he also was approached by shadowy gum traders.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一位因安全原因拒绝透露姓名的买家回忆起他也被神秘的阿拉伯胶商贩接触的经历。</p>
</div><p>“I have (acacia) seyal cleaned open quantities ready for shipping,” read one WhatsApp message, reviewed by Reuters and offering a load of seyal gum, a cheaper gum arabic variety. In subsequent WhatsApp messages, the trader proposed to schedule shipping every two months at a negotiable price of $1,950 per metric tonne, lower than the $3,000 per tonne the buyer said he would expect to pay for this kind of load.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我有（阿卡西亚）seyal 清洗后的开放数量准备发货，” 一条 WhatsApp 消息写道，路透社审阅了这条消息，提供了一批 seyal 胶，这是一种更便宜的阿拉伯胶品种。在后续的 WhatsApp 消息中，商贩提议每两个月安排一次发货，价格可协商为每公吨 1950 美元，低于买家表示他期望为这种货物支付的每吨 3000 美元。</p>
</div><p>In a different WhatsApp conversation with the same buyer, reviewed by Reuters, a different trader said that trucks carrying gum arabic had crossed the Sudanese border into South Sudan and Egypt.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在与同一买家的另一条 WhatsApp 对话中，路透社审阅的另一位商贩表示，载有阿拉伯胶的卡车已越过苏丹边境进入南苏丹和埃及。</p>
</div><p>In all instances, the gum traders could not provide a Sedex certification, the buyer said, adding that he declined the offers for fear the gum came from RSF-affiliated networks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在所有情况下，橡胶贸易商无法提供 Sedex 认证，买家表示，他拒绝了这些报价，因为担心橡胶来自与 RSF 相关的网络。</p>
</div><h3>CHANGING ROUTES</h3>
<div class="lb-trans"><h3>改变路线</h3>
</div><p>Before the Sudanese civil war, the raw gum would be sorted in Khartoum and then trucked to Port Sudan, on the Red Sea, to be shipped via the Suez Canal around the world.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在苏丹内战之前，原料橡胶会在喀土穆进行分类，然后通过卡车运送到红海的苏丹港，通过苏伊士运河运往世界各地。</p>
</div><p>Since late last year, however, RSF-affiliated gum Arabic started to appear on sale at two informal markets on the border between the Sudanese province of West Kordofan and South Sudan, according to a buyer based in an RSF-controlled area, who declined to be named due to safety concerns.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>然而，自去年底以来，与 RSF 相关的阿拉伯胶开始在苏丹西科尔多凡省与南苏丹边界的两个非正式市场上出售，一位来自 RSF 控制区的买家表示，由于安全考虑，他拒绝透露姓名。</p>
</div><p>The buyer, a major trader in the West Kordofan area, said traders collect gum from Sudanese land owners and sell them to South Sudanese traders in these markets for U.S. dollars. All of this happens with RSF protection, which the traders pay for, the buyer added.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这位买家是西科尔多凡地区的一位主要贸易商，他表示，贸易商从苏丹土地所有者那里收集橡胶，并以美元的价格在这些市场上出售给南苏丹贸易商。所有这一切都在 RSF 的保护下进行，贸易商为此支付费用，买家补充道。</p>
</div><p>Abdallah Mohamed, a producer who owns acacia groves in West Kordofan, also told Reuters the RSF takes a fee from the traders for protection. The paramilitary group has diversified its interests into gold, livestock, agriculture and banking.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>拥有西科尔多凡的金合欢林的生产者阿卜杜拉·穆罕默德也告诉路透社，RSF 会向贸易商收取保护费。这个准军事组织已经将其利益多元化，涉及黄金、牲畜、农业和银行业。</p>
</div><p>South Sudan Information Minister Michael Makuei, who is also the government’s spokesperson, told Reuters transport of gum through South Sudan was not the government’s responsibility. Calls and messages to Joseph Moum Majak, the minister of trade and industry for South Sudan, went unanswered.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>南苏丹信息部长迈克尔·马库伊（Michael Makuei），同时也是政府发言人，告诉路透社，橡胶通过南苏丹的运输并不是政府的责任。对南苏丹贸易和工业部长约瑟夫·穆姆·马贾克（Joseph Moum Majak）的电话和信息未得到回复。</p>
</div><p>The RSF also takes the product to the Central African Republic through the border town of Um Dafoog, the buyer said, adding that some goes to Chad. A wholesale buyer, based outside Sudan, told Reuters the gum was now being exported through Mombasa in Kenya and South Sudan’s capital Juba.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>买家表示，RSF 还通过乌姆达福格边境小镇将产品运送到中非共和国，并补充说，一部分产品运往乍得。一位位于苏丹以外的批发买家告诉路透社，橡胶现在正通过肯尼亚的蒙巴萨和南苏丹首都朱巴出口。</p>
</div><p>Arabic gum of illicit origin has also appeared on sale online. Isam Siddig, a Sudanese gum processor who is now a refugee in Britain, told Reuters his warehouses in Khartoum had been raided by the RSF after he fled in April 2023 with three suitcases of gum in tow.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>非法来源的阿拉伯胶也出现在网上销售。现为英国难民的苏丹橡胶加工商伊萨姆·西迪格（Isam Siddig）告诉路透社，他在喀土穆的仓库在他于 2023 年 4 月逃离时被 RSF 突袭，身边带着三只装有橡胶的行李箱。</p>
</div><p>A year later, his gum products appeared on sale, still in his company’s branded packaging, in an online Facebook group according to a screenshot shared with Reuters.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一年后，他的橡胶产品仍以其公司品牌包装的形式出现在网上 Facebook 小组中，路透社分享的截图显示。</p>
</div><p>Egypt, Kenya, S. Sudan emerge as gum arabic exporters to EU</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>埃及、肯尼亚和南苏丹成为向欧盟出口阿拉伯胶的国家</p>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://reut.rs/3X02zph" alt="" original-src="https://reut.rs/3X02zph"/></p>
<p>Sudan’s gum arabic exports to the EU have declined since the start of the war</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>自战争开始以来，苏丹对欧盟的阿拉伯胶出口已下降</p>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://reut.rs/42UZ6Ms" alt="" original-src="https://reut.rs/42UZ6Ms"/></p>

INSIGHT-How a key ingredient in Coca-Cola, M&M's is smuggled from war-torn Sudan

- 苏丹的阿拉伯胶被走私至其他非洲国家，影响供应链。  
- RSF 控制主要采胶区，导致缺乏冲突无关认证的低价胶出现。  
- 走私的阿拉伯胶通过非正式市场流通，全球供应商面临风险。

洞察 - 可口可乐和 M&M's 中的关键成分是如何从战乱的苏丹走私出来的