<p>华盛顿，3 月 28 日（路透社）- 美国消费者支出在 2 月份反弹，可能受到价格上涨的推动，这可能加剧人们对经济面临温和增长和高通胀时期的担忧，同时贸易紧张局势升级。</p><p>消费者支出占经济活动的三分之二以上，2 月份上升了 0.4%，此前 1 月份修正为下降 0.3%，美国商务部经济分析局周五表示。</p><p>路透社调查的经济学家预测，消费者支出将上升 0.5%，而 1 月份的初步报告显示下降 0.2%。</p><p>自 1 月份上任以来，特朗普总统宣布了一系列关税措施。周三，特朗普公布了对进口汽车和轻型卡车征收 25% 的关税，预计下周生效。经济学家表示，关税的规模和处理方式对经济增长产生了不利影响。</p><p>商业和消费者信心显著恶化，增加了经济衰退的风险，预计美国的贸易伙伴将通过自己的关税进行报复。这些广为人知的关税大幅扩大了贸易赤字，因为企业急于确保进口。</p><p>消费者也渴望避免更高的价格，提前进行了支出，其中大部分发生在 12 月份。由于预防性购买的减少以及异常寒冷的天气和暴风雪，年初的支出降温。</p><p>在数据公布之前，第一季度的国内生产总值估计大多在 1.0% 的年化率左右，经济收缩的可能性上升。经济在 10 月至 12 月的季度增长率为 2.4%。</p><p>特朗普将关税视为增加收入以抵消他承诺的减税和振兴长期衰退的美国工业基础的工具，计划在下周公布一系列互惠关税。然而，经济学家们认为，这些关税在短期内将导致通胀。</p><p>消费者的通胀预期急剧上升。</p><p>美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔上周承认，通胀 “部分是由于关税” 而开始上升，并补充说 “在今年的进一步进展可能会有延迟。”</p><p>个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数在 2 月份上升了 0.3%，而 1 月份则未修正为上升 0.3%。经济学家预测 PCE 价格指数将上升 0.3%。在截至 2 月份的 12 个月中，价格上涨了 2.5%，与 1 月份的涨幅相匹配。</p><p>剔除波动较大的食品和能源成分后，PCE 价格指数在 1 月份未修正为上升 0.3% 后，2 月份上升了 0.4%。截至 12 月份的 12 个月中，核心通胀上升了 2.8%，而 1 月份为 2.7%。</p><p>美国中央银行跟踪 PCE 价格指标以实现其 2% 的通胀目标。美联储上周将基准隔夜利率维持在 4.25%-4.50% 的区间不变。金融市场预计它将在 6 月份恢复宽松周期。</p>

<p>美国消费者支出在 2 月份上升了 0.4%，扭转了 1 月份 0.3% 的下降，主要受到贸易紧张局势下价格上涨的推动。经济学家原本预计增长为 0.5%。支出的增加占经济活动的三分之二以上，正值由于商业信心恶化和报复性关税而引发的衰退担忧加剧。核心通胀也有所上升，个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数在 2 月份上涨了 0.3%，与 1 月份的涨幅相同。美联储正在密切关注通胀，维持利率在 4.25%-4.50% 的区间，预计将在 6 月份放松政策</p>

<p>WASHINGTON, March 28 (Reuters) - U.S. consumer spending rebounded in February, likely lifted by higher prices, which could amplify fears that the economy was facing a period of tepid growth and high inflation amid an escalation in trade tensions.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>华盛顿，3 月 28 日（路透社）- 美国消费者支出在 2 月份反弹，可能受到价格上涨的推动，这可能加剧人们对经济面临温和增长和高通胀时期的担忧，同时贸易紧张局势升级。</p>
</div><p>Consumer spending, which accounts for more than two-thirds of economic activity, climbed 0.4% after a revised 0.3% decline in January, the Commerce Department’s Bureau of Economic Analysis said on Friday.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>消费者支出占经济活动的三分之二以上，2 月份上升了 0.4%，此前 1 月份修正为下降 0.3%，美国商务部经济分析局周五表示。</p>
</div><p>Economists polled by Reuters had forecast consumer spending rising 0.5% after a previously reported 0.2% fall in January.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>路透社调查的经济学家预测，消费者支出将上升 0.5%，而 1 月份的初步报告显示下降 0.2%。</p>
</div><p>President Donald Trump has announced a slew of tariff actions since taking office in January. On Wednesday, Trump unveiled a 25% levy on imported cars and light trucks starting next week. Economists say the size and manner in which the tariffs are being handled were detrimental to economic growth.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>自 1 月份上任以来，特朗普总统宣布了一系列关税措施。周三，特朗普公布了对进口汽车和轻型卡车征收 25% 的关税，预计下周生效。经济学家表示，关税的规模和处理方式对经济增长产生了不利影响。</p>
</div><p>Business and consumer sentiment have deteriorated considerably, raising the risks of a recession, with the United States’ trade partners expected to retaliate through duties of their own. The well telegraphed tariffs have sharply widened the trade deficit as businesses rushed to secure imports.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>商业和消费者信心显著恶化，增加了经济衰退的风险，预计美国的贸易伙伴将通过自己的关税进行报复。这些广为人知的关税大幅扩大了贸易赤字，因为企业急于确保进口。</p>
</div><p>Consumers, also eager to avoid higher prices, front-loaded their spending, much of which took place in December. The ebb in pre-emptive buying as well as unseasonably cold temperatures and snowstorms cooled spending at the start of the year.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>消费者也渴望避免更高的价格，提前进行了支出，其中大部分发生在 12 月份。由于预防性购买的减少以及异常寒冷的天气和暴风雪，年初的支出降温。</p>
</div><p>Before the data, gross domestic product estimates for the first quarter were mostly around a 1.0% annualized rate and the odds of a contraction have risen. The economy grew at a 2.4% pace in the October-December quarter.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在数据公布之前，第一季度的国内生产总值估计大多在 1.0% 的年化率左右，经济收缩的可能性上升。经济在 10 月至 12 月的季度增长率为 2.4%。</p>
</div><p>Trump, who sees tariffs as a tool to raise revenue to offset his promised tax cuts and to revive a long-declining U.S. industrial base, is planning to unveil a wave of reciprocal tariffs next week. Economists, however, argue that the duties will be inflationary in the short-run.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>特朗普将关税视为增加收入以抵消他承诺的减税和振兴长期衰退的美国工业基础的工具，计划在下周公布一系列互惠关税。然而，经济学家们认为，这些关税在短期内将导致通胀。</p>
</div><p>Consumers’ inflation expectations have sky-rocketed.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>消费者的通胀预期急剧上升。</p>
</div><p>Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell acknowledged last week that inflation had started to rise “partly in response to tariffs,” adding that “there may be a delay in further progress over the course of this year.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔上周承认，通胀 “部分是由于关税” 而开始上升，并补充说 “在今年的进一步进展可能会有延迟。”</p>
</div><p>The Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) price index increased 0.3% in February after advancing by an unrevised 0.3% in January. Economists had forecast the PCE price index gaining 0.3%. In the 12 months through February, prices increased 2.5%, matching January’s rise.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数在 2 月份上升了 0.3%，而 1 月份则未修正为上升 0.3%。经济学家预测 PCE 价格指数将上升 0.3%。在截至 2 月份的 12 个月中，价格上涨了 2.5%，与 1 月份的涨幅相匹配。</p>
</div><p>Stripping out the volatile food and energy components, the PCE price index rose 0.4% after an unrevised 0.3% advance in January. In the 12 months through December, core inflation increased 2.8% after rising 2.7% in January.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>剔除波动较大的食品和能源成分后，PCE 价格指数在 1 月份未修正为上升 0.3% 后，2 月份上升了 0.4%。截至 12 月份的 12 个月中，核心通胀上升了 2.8%，而 1 月份为 2.7%。</p>
</div><p>The U.S. central bank tracks the PCE price measures for its 2% inflation target. The Fed last week left its benchmark overnight interest rate unchanged in the 4.25%-4.50% range. Financial markets expect it to resume its easing cycle in June.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>美国中央银行跟踪 PCE 价格指标以实现其 2% 的通胀目标。美联储上周将基准隔夜利率维持在 4.25%-4.50% 的区间不变。金融市场预计它将在 6 月份恢复宽松周期。</p>
</div>

US consumer spending rises in February; core inflation firmer

- 美国消费者支出在 2 月反弹 0.4%，受高价格推动。  
- 经济学家预测消费者支出将增长 0.5%。  
- 贸易紧张局势加剧，可能导致经济增长放缓和高通胀。  

美国 2 月份消费者支出增加；核心通胀更加坚挺