<p>众议院辩论围绕医疗补助和绿色能源的斗争</p><p>主要民主党人誓言进行立法斗争</p><p>作者：大卫·摩根</p><p>华盛顿，4 月 28 日（路透社）——美国国会的共和党人周一认真面对唐纳德·特朗普总统任期内最大的挑战：试图弥合内部对医疗补助削减和受欢迎的绿色能源倡议的分歧，以为他们希望在 7 月 4 日前通过的具有里程碑意义的减税法案提供资金。在经历了两周的休会后，期间与选民发生了一些激烈的冲突，众议院的共和党立法者本周将对特朗普的议程立法的各个部分进行委员会投票。</p><p>“众议院正在迅速推进，参议院也步调一致。我们认为他们在实质上达成了一致，” 财政部长斯科特·贝森特在与共和党众议院议长迈克·约翰逊、共和党参议院多数党领袖约翰·图恩和税务委员会主席的闭门会议后告诉记者。</p><p>“我们希望在独立日之前完成这一税务部分，” 他补充道，指的是还将为特朗普打击移民、增强化石燃料生产和军队提供资金的立法。</p><p>共和党人的首要目标是延长特朗普 2017 年减税和就业法案的条款，这些条款预计将在今年年底到期，非党派研究人员估计这将导致未来十年损失 4.6 万亿美元。贝森特表示，未来的法案还将取消小费、加班费和社会保障福利的税收，允许汽车贷款的可扣除性，并包括设备和工厂结构的 100% 费用抵扣。这些措施将增加法案的成本。</p><p>再加上数千亿美元用于边境安全、驱逐和国防的新支出，可能会使美国预算的成本飙升。非党派的负责任联邦预算委员会估计，特朗普议程的预算蓝图在未来十年可能会使当前 36 万亿美元的美国债务增加 5.8 万亿美元。共和党人表示，成本将通过削减支出、更高的经济增长以及来自能源放松管制和进口关税的收入来覆盖。国会需要在债务达到今年晚些时候的法定借款上限之前完成该法案。贝森特表示，税收收入超过了去年，财政部无法满足所有义务的准确 “X 日期” 预测可能在接下来的两周内可用。众议院共和党人以 220-213 的席位优势和参议院 53-47 的优势，尚不清楚他们是否能在立法者于 5 月 22 日离开城镇之前实现约翰逊的目标，即通过立法并将其送往参议院。众议院和参议院的共和党人勉强通过了一项预算决议，这将允许他们通过规避民主党来实施特朗普的议程，尽管民主党人誓言要阻止特朗普的立法推进。“我们正在进行积极的立法斗争，” 众议院民主党领袖哈基姆·杰弗里斯在纽约市的一次活动中表示。</p><p>“他们想要实施美国历史上最大的医疗补助削减。这将伤害家庭、伤害儿童、伤害老年人、伤害残疾人、伤害普通美国人。”</p><p>现在进入艰难的部分 预算蓝图没有关于支出削减的细节。现在，共和党立法者必须应对对其家乡地区产生实际影响的变化。“这可能需要更长的时间才能从众议院通过，” 共和党众议员尼科尔·马利奥塔基斯说。“我们不仅仅是在谈论大致的框架。我们在谈论实际的立法语言，实际的数字。”</p><p>为了赢得强硬保守派的支持，众议院共和党人设定了未来十年削减 2 万亿美元支出的目标，并同意特朗普的减税范围将缩减，以反映任何资金削减的短缺。</p><p>但随着众议院和参议院的温和派对社会安全网项目和环境倡议的深度削减提出反对，一些人担心 2 万亿美元的目标可能难以实现。</p><p>“这是最大的挑战，将其调整到一个甜蜜点，以便我们有足够显著和重要的支出削减来最终确定税务部分，” 众议员布莱克·摩尔，众议院共和党会议副主席说。</p><p>到目前为止，共和党人一直在寻求通过医疗补助医疗保健计划为低收入美国人和绿色税收抵免在未来十年削减 8800 亿美元的支出。教育和农业项目也被定为额外削减 5600 亿美元。但对医疗补助的担忧促使特朗普和党内领导人向立法者保证，节省不会导致福利削减。这些保证减少了对联邦对医疗补助贡献大幅削减的担忧，医疗补助由联邦和州政府共同资助。截至 10 月，超过 7900 万美国人已注册该计划或相关的贫困儿童医疗服务。</p>

<p>美国国会的共和党正在努力在 7 月 4 日之前敲定一项减税法案，解决内部关于医疗补助削减和绿色能源资金的分歧。拟议的立法旨在延续特朗普 2017 年减税和就业法案的条款，预计在十年内成本达到 4.6 万亿美元。该法案还包括用于边境安全和国防的新支出，这可能使美国债务增加 5.8 万亿美元。民主党反对这些削减，强调对家庭和弱势群体的负面影响。挑战在于平衡支出削减与减税，以获得两党支持</p>

<p>House debate turns on fight over Medicaid, green energy</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>众议院辩论围绕医疗补助和绿色能源的斗争</p>
</div><p>Top Democrat vows to wage legislative combat</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>主要民主党人誓言进行立法斗争</p>
</div><p>By David Morgan</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作者：大卫·摩根</p>
</div><p>WASHINGTON, April 28 (Reuters) - Republicans in the U.S. Congress turned in earnest on Monday to their biggest challenge of Donald Trump’s presidency: trying to bridge internal divisions over proposed cuts to Medicaid and popular green energy initiatives to pay for a landmark tax-cut bill they hope to enact by July 4. After a two-week recess marked by some heated encounters with constituents back home, Republican lawmakers in the House of Representatives were due to hold committee votes this week on segments of Trump’s agenda legislation.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>华盛顿，4 月 28 日（路透社）——美国国会的共和党人周一认真面对唐纳德·特朗普总统任期内最大的挑战：试图弥合内部对医疗补助削减和受欢迎的绿色能源倡议的分歧，以为他们希望在 7 月 4 日前通过的具有里程碑意义的减税法案提供资金。在经历了两周的休会后，期间与选民发生了一些激烈的冲突，众议院的共和党立法者本周将对特朗普的议程立法的各个部分进行委员会投票。</p>
</div><p>“The House is moving things along quickly and the Senate is in lockstep. We think that they are in substantial agreement,” Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent told reporters after a closed-door meeting with Republican House Speaker Mike Johnson, Republican Senate Majority Leader John Thune and tax committee chairs.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“众议院正在迅速推进，参议院也步调一致。我们认为他们在实质上达成了一致，” 财政部长斯科特·贝森特在与共和党众议院议长迈克·约翰逊、共和党参议院多数党领袖约翰·图恩和税务委员会主席的闭门会议后告诉记者。</p>
</div><p>“We hope that we can have this tax portion done by the Fourth of July,” he added, referring to legislation that would also fund Trump’s crackdown on immigration and bolster fossil fuel production and the military.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我们希望在独立日之前完成这一税务部分，” 他补充道，指的是还将为特朗普打击移民、增强化石燃料生产和军队提供资金的立法。</p>
</div><p>The top goal for Republicans, who control the House and Senate, is to extend provisions of Trump’s 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that are due to expire at the end of this year, a move that nonpartisan researchers estimate would cost $4.6 trillion over a decade. Bessent said the forthcoming bill would also eliminate taxes on tips, overtime pay and Social Security benefits, allow for the deductibility of auto loans and include 100% expensing for equipment and factory structures. Those measures would add to the bill’s cost.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>共和党人的首要目标是延长特朗普 2017 年减税和就业法案的条款，这些条款预计将在今年年底到期，非党派研究人员估计这将导致未来十年损失 4.6 万亿美元。贝森特表示，未来的法案还将取消小费、加班费和社会保障福利的税收，允许汽车贷款的可扣除性，并包括设备和工厂结构的 100% 费用抵扣。这些措施将增加法案的成本。</p>
</div><p>Add in hundreds of billions of dollars in new spending for border security, deportations and defense, and the cost to the U.S. budget could skyrocket. The budget blueprint for Trump’s agenda could add $5.8 trillion to the current $36 trillion U.S. debt in the next decade, the nonpartisan Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget estimates. Republicans say the cost will be covered by a combination of spending cuts, higher economic growth and revenues from energy deregulation and tariffs on imports. Congress needs to complete the bill before the debt reaches a mandated borrowing limit sometime later this year. Bessent said tax revenues are ahead of last year and that an accurate “X-date” projection for when the Treasury Department will be unable to meet all its obligations could be available within the next two weeks. With a Republican majority of 220-213 seats in the House and a 53-47 advantage in the Senate, it is not clear that House Republicans can meet Johnson’s aim of passing the legislation and sending it on to the Senate before lawmakers leave town on May 22. House and Senate Republicans barely managed to pass a budget resolution that will allow them to enact the Trump agenda by circumventing Democrats, who have nonetheless vowed to halt Trump’s legislative juggernaut. “We’re in active legislative combat,” House Democratic leader Hakeem Jeffries said at an event in New York City.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>再加上数千亿美元用于边境安全、驱逐和国防的新支出，可能会使美国预算的成本飙升。非党派的负责任联邦预算委员会估计，特朗普议程的预算蓝图在未来十年可能会使当前 36 万亿美元的美国债务增加 5.8 万亿美元。共和党人表示，成本将通过削减支出、更高的经济增长以及来自能源放松管制和进口关税的收入来覆盖。国会需要在债务达到今年晚些时候的法定借款上限之前完成该法案。贝森特表示，税收收入超过了去年，财政部无法满足所有义务的准确 “X 日期” 预测可能在接下来的两周内可用。众议院共和党人以 220-213 的席位优势和参议院 53-47 的优势，尚不清楚他们是否能在立法者于 5 月 22 日离开城镇之前实现约翰逊的目标，即通过立法并将其送往参议院。众议院和参议院的共和党人勉强通过了一项预算决议，这将允许他们通过规避民主党来实施特朗普的议程，尽管民主党人誓言要阻止特朗普的立法推进。“我们正在进行积极的立法斗争，” 众议院民主党领袖哈基姆·杰弗里斯在纽约市的一次活动中表示。</p>
</div><p>“They want to enact the largest Medicaid cut in American history. That is going to hurt families, hurt children, hurt seniors, hurt people with disabilities, hurt everyday Americans.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“他们想要实施美国历史上最大的医疗补助削减。这将伤害家庭、伤害儿童、伤害老年人、伤害残疾人、伤害普通美国人。”</p>
</div><p>NOW COMES THE HARD PART The budget blueprint contained no details about spending cuts. Now Republican lawmakers must grapple with changes that carry tangible consequences for their home districts. “It probably takes a little longer to get it out of the House,” Republican Representative Nicole Malliotakis said. “We’re not just talking about the broad strokes here. We’re talking actual legislative language, actual numbers.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>现在进入艰难的部分 预算蓝图没有关于支出削减的细节。现在，共和党立法者必须应对对其家乡地区产生实际影响的变化。“这可能需要更长的时间才能从众议院通过，” 共和党众议员尼科尔·马利奥塔基斯说。“我们不仅仅是在谈论大致的框架。我们在谈论实际的立法语言，实际的数字。”</p>
</div><p>To win support from hardline conservatives, House Republicans set a spending cut target of $2 trillion over a decade and agreed that the scope of Trump’s tax cuts would be scaled back to reflect any shortfall in funding reductions.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>为了赢得强硬保守派的支持，众议院共和党人设定了未来十年削减 2 万亿美元支出的目标，并同意特朗普的减税范围将缩减，以反映任何资金削减的短缺。</p>
</div><p>But with House and Senate moderates pushing back on deep cuts to social safety-net programs and environmental initiatives, some worry the $2 trillion goal could be out of reach.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但随着众议院和参议院的温和派对社会安全网项目和环境倡议的深度削减提出反对，一些人担心 2 万亿美元的目标可能难以实现。</p>
</div><p>“That is the biggest challenge, getting that to the sweet spot where we have enough significant and noteworthy spending cuts to finalize the tax side,” said Representative Blake Moore, vice chair of the House Republican Conference.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“这是最大的挑战，将其调整到一个甜蜜点，以便我们有足够显著和重要的支出削减来最终确定税务部分，” 众议员布莱克·摩尔，众议院共和党会议副主席说。</p>
</div><p>Up to now, Republicans have looked to the Medicaid healthcare program for lower-income Americans and green tax credits for $880 billion in spending cuts over a decade. Education and agriculture programs have been targeted for an additional $560 billion in cuts. But concerns about Medicaid among a dozen House Republicans and several Senate Republicans have prompted Trump and party leaders to assure lawmakers that savings will not lead to cuts in benefits. Those assurances have reduced fears about major cuts in the federal contribution to Medicaid, which is funded jointly by federal and state governments. More than 79 million Americans were enrolled in the program or a related healthcare service for poor children as of October.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>到目前为止，共和党人一直在寻求通过医疗补助医疗保健计划为低收入美国人和绿色税收抵免在未来十年削减 8800 亿美元的支出。教育和农业项目也被定为额外削减 5600 亿美元。但对医疗补助的担忧促使特朗普和党内领导人向立法者保证，节省不会导致福利削减。这些保证减少了对联邦对医疗补助贡献大幅削减的担忧，医疗补助由联邦和州政府共同资助。截至 10 月，超过 7900 万美国人已注册该计划或相关的贫困儿童医疗服务。</p>
</div>

US Congress wrestles with Trump tax bill, aims to finish by July 4

- 美国国会共和党面临削减 Medicaid 和绿色能源计划的挑战。  
- 预算蓝图预计将使美国债务在十年内增加 5.8 万亿美元。  
- 民主党誓言阻止特朗普的立法进程，称削减将影响家庭和弱势群体。  

美国国会正在努力处理特朗普的税收法案，目标是在 7 月 4 日前完成