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<td><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://image.vietnamnews.vn/uploadvnnews/Article/2025/5/7/422080_5158457710207998_kinh%20te%20t%C6%B0%20nhan.jpg?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://image.vietnamnews.vn/uploadvnnews/Article/2025/5/7/422080_5158457710207998_kinh%20te%20t%C6%B0%20nhan.jpg"/></td>
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<td>Bắc Ninh 省人民委员会主席，Vương Quốc Tuấn（左二）访问 Tiên Sơn 工业园区的一家公司。VNA/VNS 照片 泰雄</td>
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<p>河内 — 越南政府已向国会提交了《企业法》修订草案，重点是遏制 “虚拟资本” 的使用，并增强企业运营的透明度。</p>
<p>该草案预计将在第十五届国会的当前会议上进行讨论和批准。</p>
<p>拟议的修订旨在明确关键概念并加强禁止行为。特别是与股息和股份及资本贡献的市场价值相关的定义（第 4 条第 5 款和第 14 款）已被修订，以符合会计标准和现实股票市场实践。上市公司股票的 30 天平均值计算将作为标准，以帮助防止价格操纵。</p>
<p>一个重要的补充是明确将 “虚假申报” 列为禁止行为（第 16 条第 4 款）。尽管这一罪行已在刑法中涵盖，但在实践中仍然常见，特别是在涉及商业登记文件伪造签名的案件中。</p>
<p>该草案还扩大了允许设立企业的个人范围，允许公立大学讲师和工作人员出资并参与商业管理，前提是他们获得授权机构的事先批准。这与国会第 193/2025/QH15 号决议关于促进科学、技术和创新的机制相一致。</p>
<p>还提出了对有限责任公司中资本转让的规定进行修订（第 52 条第 1 款第 a 点），资本偿还后的资本减少（第 112 条第 5 款第 a 点），股东召集股东大会的责任（第 115 条第 4 款）以及制定股东名单的标准（第 141 条第 1 款）。</p>
<p>此外，已取消对已上市或注册交易公司的信息变更通知要求（第 176 条第 3 款）。</p>
<p><strong>从事前检查转向事后检查</strong></p>
<p>修订法的一个突出特点是赋予省级人民委员会（第 215 条第 3 款）在注册后监督企业的更大责任。这包括制定检查程序和在地方层面发布跨机构协调规定。</p>
<p>根据政府的报告，这些变化旨在防止夸大或虚假的资本申报——这种情况通常在公司成为上市公司、发行私募债券或涉及税务欺诈和国家预算挪用之前出现。</p>
<p>虽然一些专家呼吁在注册阶段强制进行财务能力验证或资产评估报告以提高透明度，但财政部和司法部均表示反对，理由是担心增加行政负担和合规成本。相反，政府支持加强注册后的检查，这与全球监管趋势以及党和国家的体制改革议程相一致。</p>
<p>拟议的法律还显著下放了企业管理权力给省级当局。地方政府将负责处理商业注册、进行检查、解决与资本相关的违规行为，并与其他监管机构协调监督企业活动。这种方法预计将改善执法，增强注册后监测的有效性，并减少商业领域的法律违规行为。 — VNS</p>

<p>越南政府已向国会提交了《企业法》修订草案，旨在遏制 “虚拟资本”，并增强企业透明度。主要变化包括对股息和股权价值的更清晰定义，禁止 “虚假申报”，以及扩大企业设立的资格。该法律从事前审核转向事后审核，增加了地方当局在企业监管中的责任。这些修订旨在防止资本申报欺诈，并改善商业领域的执法，符合全球监管趋势</p>

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<td>Chairman of the Bắc Ninh People’s Committee, Vương Quốc Tuấn (second from left) visits a company at Tiên Sơn Industrial Park. VNA/VNS Photo Thái Hùng</td>
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<td>Bắc Ninh 省人民委员会主席，Vương Quốc Tuấn（左二）访问 Tiên Sơn 工业园区的一家公司。VNA/VNS 照片 泰雄</td>
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</div><p>HÀ NỘI — The Vietnamese Government has submitted a draft amendment to the Enterprise Law to the National Assembly, focusing on curbing the use of 'virtual capital' and enhancing transparency in corporate operations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>河内 — 越南政府已向国会提交了《企业法》修订草案，重点是遏制 “虚拟资本” 的使用，并增强企业运营的透明度。</p>
</div><p>The draft law is expected to be discussed and approved during the ongoing session of the 15th National Assembly.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该草案预计将在第十五届国会的当前会议上进行讨论和批准。</p>
</div><p>The proposed amendments aim to clarify key concepts and reinforce prohibited acts. Notably, definitions related to dividends and the market value of shares and capital contributions (Clauses 5 and 14, Article 4) have been revised to align with accounting standards and real-life stock market practices. The calculation of a listed share’s average value over 30 days will serve as the standard to help prevent price manipulation.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>拟议的修订旨在明确关键概念并加强禁止行为。特别是与股息和股份及资本贡献的市场价值相关的定义（第 4 条第 5 款和第 14 款）已被修订，以符合会计标准和现实股票市场实践。上市公司股票的 30 天平均值计算将作为标准，以帮助防止价格操纵。</p>
</div><p>A significant addition is the explicit inclusion of 'false declarations' as a prohibited act (Clause 4, Article 16). Although this offence is already covered under the Penal Code, it remains common in practice, particularly in cases involving forged signatures in business registration documents.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一个重要的补充是明确将 “虚假申报” 列为禁止行为（第 16 条第 4 款）。尽管这一罪行已在刑法中涵盖，但在实践中仍然常见，特别是在涉及商业登记文件伪造签名的案件中。</p>
</div><p>The draft law also expands the scope of individuals permitted to establish enterprises, allowing public university lecturers and staff to contribute capital and participate in the management of businesses aimed at commercialising scientific research, provided they receive prior approval from authorised bodies. This aligns with National Assembly Resolution No. 193/2025/QH15 on mechanisms to promote science, technology and innovation.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该草案还扩大了允许设立企业的个人范围，允许公立大学讲师和工作人员出资并参与商业管理，前提是他们获得授权机构的事先批准。这与国会第 193/2025/QH15 号决议关于促进科学、技术和创新的机制相一致。</p>
</div><p>Amendments have also been proposed to regulations on capital transfer in limited liability companies with two or more members (Point a, Clause 1, Article 52), capital reduction following capital repayment (Point a, Clause 5, Article 112), shareholders’ responsibilities in convening general meetings (Clause 4, Article 115) and the criteria for drawing up shareholder lists (Clause 1, Article 141).</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>还提出了对有限责任公司中资本转让的规定进行修订（第 52 条第 1 款第 a 点），资本偿还后的资本减少（第 112 条第 5 款第 a 点），股东召集股东大会的责任（第 115 条第 4 款）以及制定股东名单的标准（第 141 条第 1 款）。</p>
</div><p>In addition, the requirement to notify changes in information has been removed for companies already listed or registered for trading (Clause 3, Article 176).</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>此外，已取消对已上市或注册交易公司的信息变更通知要求（第 176 条第 3 款）。</p>
</div><p><strong>Shifting from pre-checks to post-checks</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>从事前检查转向事后检查</strong></p>
</div><p>A standout feature of the revised law is the increased responsibility assigned to provincial-level People’s Committees (Clause 3, Article 215) in supervising enterprises post-registration. This includes developing inspection procedures and issuing inter-agency coordination regulations at the local level.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>修订法的一个突出特点是赋予省级人民委员会（第 215 条第 3 款）在注册后监督企业的更大责任。这包括制定检查程序和在地方层面发布跨机构协调规定。</p>
</div><p>According to the Government’s report, these changes are designed to prevent exaggerated or fictitious capital declarations—commonly observed before firms become public companies, issue private bonds, or engage in tax fraud and state budget misappropriation.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据政府的报告，这些变化旨在防止夸大或虚假的资本申报——这种情况通常在公司成为上市公司、发行私募债券或涉及税务欺诈和国家预算挪用之前出现。</p>
</div><p>While some experts have called for mandatory financial capacity verification or asset valuation reports at the registration stage to increase transparency, both the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Justice have objected, citing concerns over increased administrative burden and compliance costs. Instead, the Government supports enhanced post-registration inspections, in line with global regulatory trends and the Party and State’s institutional reform agenda.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>虽然一些专家呼吁在注册阶段强制进行财务能力验证或资产评估报告以提高透明度，但财政部和司法部均表示反对，理由是担心增加行政负担和合规成本。相反，政府支持加强注册后的检查，这与全球监管趋势以及党和国家的体制改革议程相一致。</p>
</div><p>The proposed law also significantly decentralises enterprise management to provincial authorities. Local governments would be responsible for handling business registration, conducting inspections, addressing capital-related violations, and coordinating with other regulatory agencies in overseeing corporate activities. This approach is expected to improve enforcement, enhance the effectiveness of post-registration monitoring, and reduce legal breaches in the business sector. — VNS</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>拟议的法律还显著下放了企业管理权力给省级当局。地方政府将负责处理商业注册、进行检查、解决与资本相关的违规行为，并与其他监管机构协调监督企业活动。这种方法预计将改善执法，增强注册后监测的有效性，并减少商业领域的法律违规行为。 — VNS</p>
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修订后的企业法旨在加强资本控制，并加大检查力度