<p>社会保障福利在你 62 岁时可用。然而，你并不需要在那个时候申请。实际上，福利通常在 62 岁到 70 岁之间的任何时间申请。</p>
<p>这是一个相当宽泛的范围，做出明智的选择非常重要，因为你的社会保障申请年龄可能比你想象的更为重要。</p>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://g.foolcdn.com/image//query-b3A9cmVzaXplJnVybD1odHRwczovL2cuZm9vbGNkbi5jb20vZWRpdG9yaWFsL2ltYWdlcy84MzM1NTQvcmV0aXJlZS1yZXZpZXdpbmctZmluYW5jZXMuanBnJnc9NzAw?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://g.foolcdn.com/image//query-b3A9cmVzaXplJnVybD1odHRwczovL2cuZm9vbGNkbi5jb20vZWRpdG9yaWFsL2ltYWdlcy84MzM1NTQvcmV0aXJlZS1yZXZpZXdpbmctZmluYW5jZXMuanBnJnc9NzAw"/></p>
<p>图片来源：Getty Images。</p>
<h2>你的社会保障申请年龄为何重要</h2>
<p>你申请社会保障的年龄直接影响你的月度福利，进而影响你从该项目中获得的终身收入。</p>
<p>每位工人根据出生年份被分配一个完全退休年龄（FRA），这是某人有资格获得其基本保险金额（PIA）或基线福利的年龄。对于 1960 年或之后出生的人，他们的 FRA 是 67 岁。当你在 FRA 之前申请福利时，会产生提前申请的罚款。如果在 FRA 之后申请，可以获得延迟退休积分，直到 70 岁。</p>
<p>提前申请的罚款会在 FRA 之前的前 36 个月内，每提前一个月减少 5/9 的 1%。如果提前超过 36 个月，每额外一个月将减少 5/12 的 1%。另一方面，延迟退休积分会每个月稳定增加你的福利 2/3 的 1%。</p>
<p>以下是这些变化如何影响你的福利的概述：</p>
<ul>
<li>在你提前申请的前三年中，你的 PIA 将减少 6.7%。</li>
<li>在此之前的年份，你的 PIA 将减少 5%。</li>
<li>如果你在 62 岁时申请而不是 67 岁，你的 PIA 总共将减少 30%。</li>
<li>如果你延迟申请，每年将增加 8% 的 PIA（积分在 70 岁时达到上限）。</li>
<li>如果你延迟到 70 岁，你的福利可能会增加到你 PIA 的 124%。</li>
</ul>
<p>这些增减是显著的。例如，如果你的基本保险金额为$2,000，但为了尽早领取福利而将该金额减少 30%，你每月只剩下$1,400。如果你将$2,000 增加 24% 并等到 70 岁领取，你将获得每月$2,480。62 岁和 70 岁之间的两个月度福利金额差异超过$1,000。</p>
<p>由于社会保障福利受到通货膨胀的保护，并且在你余生中支付，因此大幅减少（或增加）这些福利会产生重大影响。这就是为什么在退休规划时必须考虑你的申请年龄的影响。</p>
<h2>在申请社会保障福利之前，你还需要考虑什么</h2>
<p>虽然提前申请会减少你的福利，但这也意味着你在一生中会收到更多的支票。如果你必须在职场待更长时间，提前申请社会保障可能会为你打开提前退休的大门。</p>
<p>另一方面，延迟申请意味着你要么必须推迟退休，要么完全依赖你的 401(k) 或其他退休储蓄来支持你，直到申请福利。这可能迫使你推迟提前退休，如果你个人储蓄中的钱不够。同时，你也会错过前几年的收入。因此，你必须活到 80 多岁才能获得更大的福利，以足够抵消错过的收入并最终获利。</p>
<p>另一个考虑因素是你的社会保障申请可能如何影响你的配偶，如果他们希望根据你的工作历史申请配偶福利。他们在主要收入者申请退休工人福利之前无法领取配偶福利。主要收入者的申请也会影响幸存者福利。</p>
<p>最终，在做出决定时，你需要考虑你的退休目标、退休计划中的资金、你的个人健康以及家庭的需求。通过仔细考虑所有这些因素，你可以做出适合自己的选择。</p>

<p>您申请社会保障的年龄会显著影响您的每月福利和终身收入。在达到完全退休年龄（FRA）之前申请会导致处罚，如果在 62 岁时申请而不是 67 岁，福利可能减少多达 30%。相反，推迟到 70 岁领取福利可以使福利增加多达 24%。虽然提前申请在一生中提供更多的支票，但如果储蓄不足，可能需要更长时间工作。在决定最佳申请年龄时，还需考虑对配偶福利和个人退休目标的影响</p>

<p>Social Security benefits become available to you when you turn 62. However, you do not have to claim them at that time. In fact, benefits are commonly claimed anywhere between the ages of 62 and 70.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>社会保障福利在你 62 岁时可用。然而，你并不需要在那个时候申请。实际上，福利通常在 62 岁到 70 岁之间的任何时间申请。</p>
</div><p>That's a pretty wide range, and it's really important that you make an informed choice because your Social Security claiming age can matter a lot more than you think.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这是一个相当宽泛的范围，做出明智的选择非常重要，因为你的社会保障申请年龄可能比你想象的更为重要。</p>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://g.foolcdn.com/image//query-b3A9cmVzaXplJnVybD1odHRwczovL2cuZm9vbGNkbi5jb20vZWRpdG9yaWFsL2ltYWdlcy84MzM1NTQvcmV0aXJlZS1yZXZpZXdpbmctZmluYW5jZXMuanBnJnc9NzAw" alt="" original-src="https://g.foolcdn.com/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fg.foolcdn.com%2Feditorial%2Fimages%2F833554%2Fretiree-reviewing-finances.jpg&amp;op=resize&amp;w=700"/></p>
<p>Image source: Getty Images.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>图片来源：Getty Images。</p>
</div><h2>Here's why your Social Security claiming age matters</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>你的社会保障申请年龄为何重要</h2>
</div><p>The age when you claim Social Security directly affects your monthly benefit, and in turn, the lifetime income you'll collect from the program.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>你申请社会保障的年龄直接影响你的月度福利，进而影响你从该项目中获得的终身收入。</p>
</div><p>Every worker is assigned a full retirement age (FRA) for Social Security, based on their birth year, and this is the age someone qualifies for their primary insurance amount (PIA), or baseline benefit. For anyone born in or after 1960, their FRA is 67. When you claim benefits <em>before</em> FRA, early filing penalties result. If you claim after FRA, delayed retirement credits can be earned until the age of 70.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>每位工人根据出生年份被分配一个完全退休年龄（FRA），这是某人有资格获得其基本保险金额（PIA）或基线福利的年龄。对于 1960 年或之后出生的人，他们的 FRA 是 67 岁。当你在 FRA 之前申请福利时，会产生提前申请的罚款。如果在 FRA 之后申请，可以获得延迟退休积分，直到 70 岁。</p>
</div><p>Early filing penalties reduce benefits by 5/9 of 1% up to the first 36 months that benefits are claimed before FRA. Anyone who claims more than 36 months early will see their benefits reduced by 5/12 of 1% per additional month. On the other hand, delayed retirement credits increase your benefit consistently by 2/3 of 1% each month.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>提前申请的罚款会在 FRA 之前的前 36 个月内，每提前一个月减少 5/9 的 1%。如果提前超过 36 个月，每额外一个月将减少 5/12 的 1%。另一方面，延迟退休积分会每个月稳定增加你的福利 2/3 的 1%。</p>
</div><p>Here's an overview of how this ends up affecting your benefits:</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>以下是这些变化如何影响你的福利的概述：</p>
</div><ul>
<li>You'll lose 6.7% of your PIA for each of the first three years of your early claim.</li>
<li>You'll lose 5% of your PIA for the years before that.</li>
<li>You end up losing 30% of your PIA in total if you claim at 62 instead of 67.</li>
<li>You'll gain 8% per year on top of your PIA by delaying (credits max out at age 70).</li>
<li>You could end up increasing your benefit to 124% of your PIA if you delay until 70.</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>在你提前申请的前三年中，你的 PIA 将减少 6.7%。</li>
<li>在此之前的年份，你的 PIA 将减少 5%。</li>
<li>如果你在 62 岁时申请而不是 67 岁，你的 PIA 总共将减少 30%。</li>
<li>如果你延迟申请，每年将增加 8% 的 PIA（积分在 70 岁时达到上限）。</li>
<li>如果你延迟到 70 岁，你的福利可能会增加到你 PIA 的 124%。</li>
</ul>
</div><p>These increases and decreases are significant. For example, if you are on track for $2,000 as your primary insurance amount but reduce that amount by 30% to collect benefits as early as possible, you're left with just $1,400 per month. If you increase that $2,000 by 24% by waiting until 70, you'll be rewarded with $2,480 per month. The difference between the two monthly benefit amounts at 62 and 70 is over $1,000.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这些增减是显著的。例如，如果你的基本保险金额为$2,000，但为了尽早领取福利而将该金额减少 30%，你每月只剩下$1,400。如果你将$2,000 增加 24% 并等到 70 岁领取，你将获得每月$2,480。62 岁和 70 岁之间的两个月度福利金额差异超过$1,000。</p>
</div><p>Since Social Security benefits are protected against inflation and paid out for the rest of your life, there are major consequences from substantially reducing (or increasing) these benefits. That's why you must consider the impact of your claiming age when retirement planning.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>由于社会保障福利受到通货膨胀的保护，并且在你余生中支付，因此大幅减少（或增加）这些福利会产生重大影响。这就是为什么在退休规划时必须考虑你的申请年龄的影响。</p>
</div><h2>Here's what else you need to consider before claiming Social Security benefits</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>在申请社会保障福利之前，你还需要考虑什么</h2>
</div><p>While an early claim reduces your benefit, it does also mean you get more checks over your lifetime. <em>And</em> you could potentially open up the door to early retirement by claiming Social Security early if you'd otherwise have to stay in the workforce longer.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>虽然提前申请会减少你的福利，但这也意味着你在一生中会收到更多的支票。如果你必须在职场待更长时间，提前申请社会保障可能会为你打开提前退休的大门。</p>
</div><p>On the flip side, a delayed claim means you'll either have to delay your retirement or rely solely on your 401(k) or other retirement savings to support you until claiming. This could force you to put off early retirement if the money in your personal savings isn't enough. Meanwhile, you will also miss out on years of income upfront. As a result, you must live into your 80's to receive the bigger benefit long enough to actually offset the missed income and come out ahead.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>另一方面，延迟申请意味着你要么必须推迟退休，要么完全依赖你的 401(k) 或其他退休储蓄来支持你，直到申请福利。这可能迫使你推迟提前退休，如果你个人储蓄中的钱不够。同时，你也会错过前几年的收入。因此，你必须活到 80 多岁才能获得更大的福利，以足够抵消错过的收入并最终获利。</p>
</div><p>Yet another consideration is how your Social Security claim may affect your spouse if they want to claim spousal benefits based on your work history. They cannot collect spousal benefits until the primary earner has filed for retired worker benefits. And the primary earner's claim also affects survivor benefits.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>另一个考虑因素是你的社会保障申请可能如何影响你的配偶，如果他们希望根据你的工作历史申请配偶福利。他们在主要收入者申请退休工人福利之前无法领取配偶福利。主要收入者的申请也会影响幸存者福利。</p>
</div><p>Ultimately, you'll need to consider your retirement goals, the amount of money you have in retirement plans, your personal health, and the needs of your family when you make your decision. By thinking carefully about all these factors, you can make the choice that is right for you.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>最终，在做出决定时，你需要考虑你的退休目标、退休计划中的资金、你的个人健康以及家庭的需求。通过仔细考虑所有这些因素，你可以做出适合自己的选择。</p>
</div>

为什么申领社会保障的年龄如此重要