<p>福特本周通过缩减其电动车计划并更加专注于核心的燃油卡车业务，给美国汽车行业带来了震动。</p>
<p>这一波及影响现在已经超出了美国的边界。这家位于迪尔伯恩的汽车制造商取消了与韩国 LG 能源解决方案（LGES）和 SK On 的数十亿美元电池订单。所有这些现在威胁到数千个工作岗位，并可能对电池行业留下持久的影响。</p>
<p>欢迎回到 <strong>关键材料</strong>，这是您每日关于汽车领域电动和科技的汇总。</p>
<p>今天我们的菜单上还有：十六个州再次对特朗普政府提起诉讼，原因是冻结电动车充电资金。科罗拉多州已向 Scout Motors 授予直接向客户销售的许可证，使其能够绕过传统的经销商模式。</p>
<h2>30%：福特取消价值 65 亿美元的 LG 电池订单</h2>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" width="16" height="9" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>LG 能源解决方案电池：圆柱形电池单元</p>
<p>汽车制造商和电池供应商需要数年时间来设计、开发和规模化特定电动车型的高压电池组。这么长的前期准备时间是汽车制造商提前锁定电池供应的原因，因为这些车辆的生产仍然需要数年时间。</p>
<p>这也是为什么福特本周的电动车撤退对电池行业特别痛苦的原因之一，尤其是对其韩国合作伙伴而言，他们已经准备好向这家美国汽车制造商供应价值数十亿美元的电池组。</p>
<p>在韩国的 联合通讯社 引用的一份监管文件中，LGES 对取消的电池订单表示：</p>
<p>&#34;&gt; &#34;此事涉及对方决定因近期政策变化和电动车需求预测的变化而停止生产某些电动车（EV）型号，以及随后的合同终止通知。”</p>
<p>这份价值 65 亿美元的协议，签署于 2024 年 10 月，本应在 2026 年至 2030 年间由 LGES 向福特供应 34 吉瓦时的电池。这足以为每年近 50 万辆电动车提供动力，假设平均电池组容量为 75 千瓦时——福特现在不再认为其需要这样的电池量来生产全尺寸电动卡车。</p>
<p>此外，LGES 还承诺在 2027 年至 2032 年间为福特的商用车系列供应另外 75 吉瓦时的电池。这些电池组计划在 LG 能源解决方案位于波兰的工厂生产，并用于前往欧洲的电动商用车。</p>
<p>这一变化紧随福特本周决定 有效结束当前 F-150 Lightning 的生产，该车型在电动卡车销售榜上名列前茅，但在三年的运行中未能实现大规模生产或盈利。尤其是在特朗普政府撤回 7500 美元的联邦电动车税收抵免并放宽燃油经济性规则的背景下，情况更是如此。福特还搁置了全电动的下一代 Lightning，内部代号为 Project T3，以及下一代电动商用面包车。</p>
<p>相反，该公司正在将资本和工程资源重新投入到燃油卡车上，同时将即将推出的通用电动车平台作为其电动车战略的核心。</p>
<p>而且，变动并未止步于此。福特与 SK On 的 114 亿美元电池合资企业本周也结束了。这一解散导致肯塔基州格伦代尔的电池工厂裁员 1600 人，该工厂原本是根据现已解散的合作关系共同运营的。</p>
<p>在新的安排下，福特将完全控制肯塔基工厂，而 SK On 将接管田纳西州的电池工厂。两家公司计划转向静态能源存储系统（ESS），这是一个快速增长的业务，受到人工智能和可再生能源领域需求激增的推动。</p>
<h2>60%：各州再次起诉特朗普政府冻结电动车充电资金</h2>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="Electrify America EV Chargers" width="16" height="9" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>照片来源：Electrify America</p>
<p>由 17 位总检察长组成的联盟，代表 16 个州和哥伦比亚特区，今年第二次对特朗普政府提起诉讼，指控其非法扣留用于扩展国家电动车充电网络的联邦资金。</p>
<p>这起诉讼由加利福尼亚州总检察长 Rob Bonta 主导，指控美国交通部扣留国会已经批准的电动车充电项目资金。因此，承诺给各州和城市的数十亿美元资金被束缚，导致计划中的基础设施项目被搁置。</p>
<p>以下是 Bonta 在一份 新闻稿 中所说的：</p>
<p>&#34;&gt; “特朗普政府非法试图停止对电动车基础设施的资金支持必须结束。这只是另一个鲁莽的尝试，将阻碍对抗空气污染和气候变化的斗争，减缓创新，阻碍绿色就业的创造，并使社区无法获得清洁、可负担的交通工具。在政府忙于寻找让其大型石油捐赠者获利的方式时，加利福尼亚州将继续为其人民、环境和创新而奋斗。”</p>
<p>各州表示，此案的核心是关于支出权的宪法争议。他们认为，政府在没有提供明确解释的情况下阻止这些资金的释放，违反了国会的 “财政权力”。在法律术语中，这种做法被称为 “扣留”，即拒绝支出国会已经批准的资金，各州认为这是不允许的。</p>
<h2>90%：Scout Motors 可以直接向科罗拉多州的客户销售</h2>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="Scout Traveler and Terra Concepts" width="16" height="9" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>照片来源：Scout Motors</p>
<p>大众集团支持的 Scout Motors 将被允许直接向科罗拉多州的客户销售其即将推出的电动车和增程混合动力车，绕过传统的经销商模式，正如电动车制造商特斯拉、Lucid 和 Rivian 多年来所做的那样。</p>
<p>以下是来自 Automotive News 的更多信息：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>科罗拉多州机动车经销商委员会于 12 月 16 日以 6-2 的投票结果批准了 Scout 在该州成为经销商的申请，科罗拉多州财政部的专业业务组发言人表示，该委员会包括在内。</p>
<p>Scout 的详细路线图包括向美国消费者销售电动 SUV 和皮卡，设立体验中心、快速购买交易、在美国主要市场开设商店以及在启动时提供灵活的全国服务网络。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>跳过经销商使汽车制造商对汽车的销售和定价拥有更大的控制权。这也有助于消除意外加价，这是美国经销商在热门车型需求激增时尤其臭名昭著的现象。</p>
<p>报告称，经销商可能会对这一裁决提出上诉，但该决定仍可能为 Scout 设定一个重要的先例，甚至可能促使其他州效仿科罗拉多州的做法，使 Scout 能够在全国范围内更容易地推出自己的展厅。</p>
<h2>100%：如何保护电动车充电项目免受政治影响？</h2>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="BMW iX At Ionna Rechargery" width="16" height="9" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>BMW iX 在 Ionna Rechargery</p>
<p>照片来源：Suvrat Kothari</p>
<p>如果充电项目持续陷入政治僵局，电动车的普及将会怎样？未来的电动车资金是否应该附带更强的保护措施，以防止如此轻易地暂停？请在评论中留下您的想法。</p>
<p><em>有线索吗？联系作者：suvrat.kothari@insideevs.com</em></p>
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福特汽车

<p>福特汽车已缩减其电动车计划，取消了来自 LG 能源解决方案和 SK On 的数十亿美元电池订单，这对就业和电池行业产生了影响。此外，16 个州已对特朗普政府冻结电动车充电资金提起诉讼，而 Scout Motors 获得了在科罗拉多州直接向客户销售的许可证</p>

<p>Ford sent a jolt through the American auto industry this week by scaling back its electric-vehicle ambitions and leaning harder into its core gas-truck business.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>福特本周通过缩减其电动车计划并更加专注于核心的燃油卡车业务，给美国汽车行业带来了震动。</p>
</div><p>The ripple effects of that are now being felt well beyond U.S. borders. The Dearborn automaker has canceled billions of dollars’ worth of battery orders from South Korea’s LG Energy Solution (LGES) and SK On. All of that now threatens thousands of jobs and could leave a lasting mark on the battery industry.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这一波及影响现在已经超出了美国的边界。这家位于迪尔伯恩的汽车制造商取消了与韩国 LG 能源解决方案（LGES）和 SK On 的数十亿美元电池订单。所有这些现在威胁到数千个工作岗位，并可能对电池行业留下持久的影响。</p>
</div><p>Welcome back to <strong>Critical Materials</strong>, your daily roundup of all things electric and tech in the automotive space.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>欢迎回到 <strong>关键材料</strong>，这是您每日关于汽车领域电动和科技的汇总。</p>
</div><p>Also on our menu today:Sixteen states have sued the Trump administration for the second time this year over freezing EV charging funds. And the state of Colorado has granted Scout Motors a license to sell directly to customers, allowing it to bypass the traditional dealership model.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>今天我们的菜单上还有：十六个州再次对特朗普政府提起诉讼，原因是冻结电动车充电资金。科罗拉多州已向 Scout Motors 授予直接向客户销售的许可证，使其能够绕过传统的经销商模式。</p>
</div><h2>30%: Ford Cancels LG Battery Order Worth $6.5 Billion</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>30%：福特取消价值 65 亿美元的 LG 电池订单</h2>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png" alt="" original-src="https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>LG Energy Solution batteries: cylindrical battery cell</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>LG 能源解决方案电池：圆柱形电池单元</p>
</div><p>It takes years for automakers and battery suppliers to design, develop and scale high-voltage battery packs for specific EV models. That long lead time is why carmakers lock in battery supply well in advance for vehicles that are still years away from production.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>汽车制造商和电池供应商需要数年时间来设计、开发和规模化特定电动车型的高压电池组。这么长的前期准备时间是汽车制造商提前锁定电池供应的原因，因为这些车辆的生产仍然需要数年时间。</p>
</div><p>And that's one of the reasons whyFord’s EV retreat this week particularly seems painful for the battery industry, especially for its Korean partners, which were already gearing up to supply billions of dollars worth of battery packs to the American automaker.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这也是为什么福特本周的电动车撤退对电池行业特别痛苦的原因之一，尤其是对其韩国合作伙伴而言，他们已经准备好向这家美国汽车制造商供应价值数十亿美元的电池组。</p>
</div><p>In a regulatory filing cited by Korea’s Yonhap News Agency, this is what LGES said about the cancelled battery order:</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在韩国的 联合通讯社 引用的一份监管文件中，LGES 对取消的电池订单表示：</p>
</div><blockquote>
<p>&#34;This matter concerns the counterparty's decision to discontinue the production of certain electric vehicle (EV) models due to recent policy changes and shifts in EV demand forecasts, and the subsequent notice of contract termination.”</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;&gt; &#34;此事涉及对方决定因近期政策变化和电动车需求预测的变化而停止生产某些电动车（EV）型号，以及随后的合同终止通知。”</p>
</div><p>The $6.5 billion agreement, signed in October 2024, would have seen LGES supply 34 gigawatt-hours of batteries to Ford between 2026 and 2030. That’s enough capacity to power just under half a million EVs a year, assuming an average pack size of 75 kilowatt-hours—volumes Ford no longer believes it needs for full-size electric trucks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这份价值 65 亿美元的协议，签署于 2024 年 10 月，本应在 2026 年至 2030 年间由 LGES 向福特供应 34 吉瓦时的电池。这足以为每年近 50 万辆电动车提供动力，假设平均电池组容量为 75 千瓦时——福特现在不再认为其需要这样的电池量来生产全尺寸电动卡车。</p>
</div><p>On top of that, LGES had also committed to supplying another 75 GWh of batteries from 2027 through 2032 for Ford’s commercial vehicle lineup. Those packs were slated to be built at LG Energy Solution’s plant in Poland and used in electric commercial vehicles destined for Europe.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>此外，LGES 还承诺在 2027 年至 2032 年间为福特的商用车系列供应另外 75 吉瓦时的电池。这些电池组计划在 LG 能源解决方案位于波兰的工厂生产，并用于前往欧洲的电动商用车。</p>
</div><p>This shift follows Ford’s decision to effectively end production of the currentF-150 Lightningthis week, which topped the EV truck sales charts but did not hit mass-volume or achieve profitability in its three-year run. That’s especially so as the Trump administration rolled back the $7,500 federal EV tax credit and loosened fuel-economy rules.Ford also shelved the all-electric next-generation Lightning, internally codenamed Project T3, along with a next-generation electric commercial van.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这一变化紧随福特本周决定 有效结束当前 F-150 Lightning 的生产，该车型在电动卡车销售榜上名列前茅，但在三年的运行中未能实现大规模生产或盈利。尤其是在特朗普政府撤回 7500 美元的联邦电动车税收抵免并放宽燃油经济性规则的背景下，情况更是如此。福特还搁置了全电动的下一代 Lightning，内部代号为 Project T3，以及下一代电动商用面包车。</p>
</div><p>Instead, the company is redirecting capital and engineering resources back toward gas-powered trucks while making the smaller, more affordable EVs built on its upcoming Universal EV Platform central to its EV strategy.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>相反，该公司正在将资本和工程资源重新投入到燃油卡车上，同时将即将推出的通用电动车平台作为其电动车战略的核心。</p>
</div><p>And the shakeup doesn’t stop there. Ford’s $11.4 billion battery joint venture with SK On also ended this week. The breakup resulted in 1,600 workers getting laid off at the Glendale, Kentucky, battery plant, which was jointly operated under the now-defunct partnership.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>而且，变动并未止步于此。福特与 SK On 的 114 亿美元电池合资企业本周也结束了。这一解散导致肯塔基州格伦代尔的电池工厂裁员 1600 人，该工厂原本是根据现已解散的合作关系共同运营的。</p>
</div><p>Under the new arrangement, Ford will take full control of the Kentucky facility, while SK On will assume ownership of the Tennessee battery plant. Both companies plan to pivot toward stationary energy storage systems (ESS), a fast-growing business driven by surging demand from the AI and renewable energy sectors.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在新的安排下，福特将完全控制肯塔基工厂，而 SK On 将接管田纳西州的电池工厂。两家公司计划转向静态能源存储系统（ESS），这是一个快速增长的业务，受到人工智能和可再生能源领域需求激增的推动。</p>
</div><h2>60%: States Sue Trump Administration Again Over Frozen EV Charger Funds</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>60%：各州再次起诉特朗普政府冻结电动车充电资金</h2>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png" alt="Electrify America EV Chargers" original-src="https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>Photo by: Electrify America</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>照片来源：Electrify America</p>
</div><p>A coalition of 17 attorneys general, representing 16 states and the District of Columbia, has filed a second lawsuit this year against the Trump administration, alleging it unlawfully withheld federal funds intended to expand the nation’s EV charging network.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>由 17 位总检察长组成的联盟，代表 16 个州和哥伦比亚特区，今年第二次对特朗普政府提起诉讼，指控其非法扣留用于扩展国家电动车充电网络的联邦资金。</p>
</div><p>The lawsuit, led by California Attorney General Rob Bonta, alleges that the U.S. Department of Transportation is withholding funds Congress has already approved for EV charging projects. As a result, billions of dollars promised to states and cities remain tied up, putting planned infrastructure projects on hold.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这起诉讼由加利福尼亚州总检察长 Rob Bonta 主导，指控美国交通部扣留国会已经批准的电动车充电项目资金。因此，承诺给各州和城市的数十亿美元资金被束缚，导致计划中的基础设施项目被搁置。</p>
</div><p>Here’s what Bonta said in a press release:</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>以下是 Bonta 在一份 新闻稿 中所说的：</p>
</div><blockquote>
<p>“The Trump Administration’s illegal attempt to stop funding for electric vehicle infrastructure must come to an end. This is just another reckless attempt that will stall the fight against air pollution and climate change, slow innovation, thwart green job creation, and leave communities without access to clean, affordable transportation. While the Administration is busy finding ways for their Big Oil donors to profit, California will continue to fight for its people, environment, and innovation.”</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;&gt; “特朗普政府非法试图停止对电动车基础设施的资金支持必须结束。这只是另一个鲁莽的尝试，将阻碍对抗空气污染和气候变化的斗争，减缓创新，阻碍绿色就业的创造，并使社区无法获得清洁、可负担的交通工具。在政府忙于寻找让其大型石油捐赠者获利的方式时，加利福尼亚州将继续为其人民、环境和创新而奋斗。”</p>
</div><p>The states say that at the heart of the case is a constitutional dispute over spending authority. By blocking the release of these funds without offering a clear explanation, they’re arguing that the administration is violating Congress’s “power of the purse.” In legal terms, that practice is known as an “impoundment,” which means the refusal to spend money that Congress has already approved, which the states say is not allowed.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>各州表示，此案的核心是关于支出权的宪法争议。他们认为，政府在没有提供明确解释的情况下阻止这些资金的释放，违反了国会的 “财政权力”。在法律术语中，这种做法被称为 “扣留”，即拒绝支出国会已经批准的资金，各州认为这是不允许的。</p>
</div><h2>90%: Scout Motors Can Sell Directly To Customers In Colorado</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>90%：Scout Motors 可以直接向科罗拉多州的客户销售</h2>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png" alt="Scout Traveler and Terra Concepts" original-src="https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>Photo by: Scout Motors</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>照片来源：Scout Motors</p>
</div><p>Volkswagen Group-backed Scout Motors will be allowed to sell its upcoming electric vehicles and extended-range hybrids directly to customers in Colorado, bypassing the traditional dealership model, much as EV makers Tesla, Lucid, and Rivian have done for years.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>大众集团支持的 Scout Motors 将被允许直接向科罗拉多州的客户销售其即将推出的电动车和增程混合动力车，绕过传统的经销商模式，正如电动车制造商特斯拉、Lucid 和 Rivian 多年来所做的那样。</p>
</div><p>Here’s more from Automotive News:</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>以下是来自 Automotive News 的更多信息：</p>
</div><blockquote>
<p>Colorado’s Motor Vehicle Dealer Board voted 6-2 on Dec. 16 to approve Scout’s application to become a dealer in the state, according to a spokesperson for the Colorado Department of Revenue’s Specialized Business Group, which includes the board.</p>
<p>Scout’s detailed roadmap to sell an electric SUV and pickup to American consumers includes experience centers, speedy purchase transactions, stores in key U.S. markets and a flexible nationwide service footprint at launch.</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="lb-trans"><blockquote>
<p>科罗拉多州机动车经销商委员会于 12 月 16 日以 6-2 的投票结果批准了 Scout 在该州成为经销商的申请，科罗拉多州财政部的专业业务组发言人表示，该委员会包括在内。</p>
<p>Scout 的详细路线图包括向美国消费者销售电动 SUV 和皮卡，设立体验中心、快速购买交易、在美国主要市场开设商店以及在启动时提供灵活的全国服务网络。</p>
</blockquote>
</div><p>Skipping the dealership gives automakers far more control over how cars are sold and priced. It also helps eliminate surprise markups, something U.S. dealers are especially notorious for when demand spikes for popular models.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>跳过经销商使汽车制造商对汽车的销售和定价拥有更大的控制权。这也有助于消除意外加价，这是美国经销商在热门车型需求激增时尤其臭名昭著的现象。</p>
</div><p>Dealers are likely to appeal the ruling, the report said, but the decision could still set a meaningful precedent for Scout, and even potentially nudging other states to follow Colorado’s lead and make it easier for Scout to roll out its own showrooms nationwide.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>报告称，经销商可能会对这一裁决提出上诉，但该决定仍可能为 Scout 设定一个重要的先例，甚至可能促使其他州效仿科罗拉多州的做法，使 Scout 能够在全国范围内更容易地推出自己的展厅。</p>
</div><h2>100%: How Can EV Charging Projects Be Protected From Politics?</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>100%：如何保护电动车充电项目免受政治影响？</h2>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png" alt="BMW iX At Ionna Rechargery" original-src="https://cdn.motor1.com/images/static/16x9-tr.png"/></p>
<p>BMW iX At Ionna Rechargery</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>BMW iX 在 Ionna Rechargery</p>
</div><p>Photo by: Suvrat Kothari</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>照片来源：Suvrat Kothari</p>
</div><p>What happens to EV adoption if charging projects keep getting stuck in political limbo? Should future EV funding come with stronger guardrails so it can’t be paused this easily? Leave your thoughts in the comments.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如果充电项目持续陷入政治僵局，电动车的普及将会怎样？未来的电动车资金是否应该附带更强的保护措施，以防止如此轻易地暂停？请在评论中留下您的想法。</p>
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Ford’s EV Reset Leaves A Multibillion-Dollar Hole In The Battery Industry

- 福特降低电动车计划，转而注重燃油卡车业务，影响全球电池供应链。  
- 取消 65 亿美元电池订单，影响数千个工作岗位及电池行业前景。  
- 16 个州对特朗普政府再提诉讼，指控其阻挠联邦电动车充电资金。

福特电动车的重置在电池行业留下了数十亿美元的缺口