<p>中国通过持续投资技术升级，将装甲钢的生产速度提高了 30%，而一家为坦克、舰船和抗地雷车辆提供军用级钢材的美国大型钢铁制造商因财务原因停止运营。\n 中国军工供应商内蒙古第一机械集团表示，已解决关键技术难题，实现高性能装甲钢的大规模生产，该材料已被用于制造坦克和装甲车辆，官方《科技日报》本月报道。\n 在美国，钢铁制造商 Cleveland-Cliffs 于 5 月宣布无限期关闭其位于宾夕法尼亚州 Conshohocken 的板材加工厂——该工厂为美国海军舰艇、陆军地面车辆以及数千辆抗地雷军事车辆提供了专业的装甲板，已有数十年历史。\n 此次停产凸显了两国在支撑国防制造的工业能力之间日益扩大的差距。\n 装甲钢是国家防御、军事工业和特种设备的核心材料，具有超高强度、硬度、韧性和低热导率等极端特性。\n 其生产一直困难、昂贵且效率低下。项目负责人段爱平告诉该报，为克服这些挑战，研究团队用超硬材料升级了切削工具，并降低了生产温度，以延长工具的使用寿命。\n 段爱平表示，新切削工具由立方氮化硼制成，这是一种几乎与钻石一样坚硬的合成材料——钻石是自然界中最硬的矿物。\n 通过添加纳米涂层，工具的抗粘磨损能力提高了 40%。根据该报，切削速度可达到每分钟 300 到 500 米（984 到 1,640 英尺），比传统切削工具快 1.5 倍。\n\n\n 新工艺还采用了冷却技术，将温度降低了 30% 以上，并减少了 15% 到 30% 的工具磨损。该技术已发展成为装甲钢高效加工的综合解决方案，并成功应用于坦克和装甲车辆等设备的制造。\n 对于每 50 台装甲钢设备，新方法将节省超过 65 万元人民币（92,300 美元）的生产成本，包括工具和能源费用。一旦规模化，预计该行业的年收益将超过 200 万元人民币，报导称。\nCleveland-Cliffs 是美国第二大钢铁制造商，5 月宣布将无限期闲置宾夕法尼亚州和伊利诺伊州的三家钢铁厂，理由是财务亏损。\n 其中一家是位于费城附近的 Conshohocken，这是一家曾经生产军用合金并服务于建筑和军事市场的板材加工厂。\n 美国企业研究所的高级研究员 William Greenwalt 去年写道，美国国防部从 Cleveland-Cliffs 拥有的两家工厂采购钢材。\n“对国防部最重要的钢材质量高且采购量低，主要来自宾夕法尼亚州的两家工厂，这些工厂生产海军舰艇和陆军地面车辆的装甲板，” 他写道。\n 根据美国制造联盟 2021 年的一篇文章，Conshohocken 工厂 “生产军用级装甲和高合金钢，其中大部分用于美国海军舰队和其他军事行动”。\n 文章补充说，该工厂为 18,000 辆未装甲的军事车辆生产了专用钢装甲板，以保护它们在 2003 年至 2011 年的伊拉克战争中免受简易爆炸装置的攻击。</p>

<p>中国通过技术升级将其装甲钢生产提高了 30%，增强了其军事制造能力。与此同时，美国钢铁制造商 Cleveland-Cliffs 关闭了其 Conshohocken 工厂，这影响了美国的国防制造。此次关闭突显了两国之间日益扩大的工业差距。中国的进步包括新的切割工具和冷却技术，提高了装甲钢生产的效率并降低了成本</p>

<p>China has boosted its armour steel production speed by 30 per cent with continuous investment in tech upgrades, while a major American steelmaker that provided military-grade steel for tanks, ships and mine-resistant vehicles ceased operation for financial reasons.\nChinese military supplier Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group said it had solved key technical challenges to allow large-scale production of high-performance armour steel, which has been deployed for manufacturing tanks and armoured vehicles, the official Science and Technology Daily reported this month.\nIn the United States, steelmaker Cleveland-Cliffs announced in May the indefinite closure of its Conshohocken plate finishing facility in Pennsylvania – a plant that has provided specialised armour plating for US Navy ships, army ground vehicles and thousands of mine-resistant military vehicles for decades.\nThe shutdown highlights a growing gap in the industrial capacity underpinning defence manufacturing between the two nations.\nArmour steel is a core material for national defence, military industries and special equipment. It possesses extreme properties such as ultra-high strength, hardness, toughness and low thermal conductivity.\nIts production has been difficult, expensive and inefficient. Project leader Duan Aiping told the newspaper that to overcome these challenges the research team had upgraded their cutting tools with an ultra-hard material and reduced production temperatures so that the tools lasted longer.\nDuan said the new cutting tools were made from cubic boron nitride, a synthetic material that is almost as hard as diamond – the hardest naturally occurring mineral.\nWith the addition of nano coating, the tool’s resistance to adhesive wear is improved by 40 per cent. Cutting speeds can reach 300 to 500 metres (984 to 1,640 feet) per minute, which is 1½ times faster than traditional cutting tools, according to the newspaper.\n\n\nThe new process also incorporated cooling techniques to reduce temperatures by more than 30 per cent and decrease tool wear by 15 to 30 per cent, it added.\nThis technology had developed into a comprehensive solution for efficient processing of armour steel and had been successfully applied to the manufacturing of equipment such as tanks and armoured vehicles, it said.\nFor each 50 units of armour steel equipment, the new method would save more than 650,000 yuan (US$92,300) in production, including tool and energy costs. Once scaled up, it is estimated the annual benefits for the industry will exceed 2 million yuan, according to the newspaper.\nCleveland-Cliffs, the second-largest steelmaker in the US, announced in May that it would indefinitely idle three steel plants in Pennsylvania and Illinois, citing financial losses.\nOne of them was Conshohocken, near Philadelphia, a plate finishing facility that used to produce military alloys and serve the construction and military markets, according to the company.\nWilliam Greenwalt, a senior fellow at the think tank American Enterprise Institute, wrote last year that the US Defence Department sourced steel from two plants owned by Cleveland-Cliffs.\n“The steel that is most important to DOD is of high quality and bought at low volumes, primarily from two plants in Pennsylvania that produce the armoured plate for navy ships and army ground vehicles,” he wrote.\nAccording to a 2021 article by the Alliance for American Manufacturing, the Conshohocken mill “manufactures military-grade armour and high-alloy steel, much of which is used in the US naval fleet and other military operations”.\nIt added that the plant produced specialised steel armour plate for 18,000 unarmoured military vehicles to protect them from improvised explosive devices during the Iraq war from 2003 to 2011.\n</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>中国通过持续投资技术升级，将装甲钢的生产速度提高了 30%，而一家为坦克、舰船和抗地雷车辆提供军用级钢材的美国大型钢铁制造商因财务原因停止运营。\n 中国军工供应商内蒙古第一机械集团表示，已解决关键技术难题，实现高性能装甲钢的大规模生产，该材料已被用于制造坦克和装甲车辆，官方《科技日报》本月报道。\n 在美国，钢铁制造商 Cleveland-Cliffs 于 5 月宣布无限期关闭其位于宾夕法尼亚州 Conshohocken 的板材加工厂——该工厂为美国海军舰艇、陆军地面车辆以及数千辆抗地雷军事车辆提供了专业的装甲板，已有数十年历史。\n 此次停产凸显了两国在支撑国防制造的工业能力之间日益扩大的差距。\n 装甲钢是国家防御、军事工业和特种设备的核心材料，具有超高强度、硬度、韧性和低热导率等极端特性。\n 其生产一直困难、昂贵且效率低下。项目负责人段爱平告诉该报，为克服这些挑战，研究团队用超硬材料升级了切削工具，并降低了生产温度，以延长工具的使用寿命。\n 段爱平表示，新切削工具由立方氮化硼制成，这是一种几乎与钻石一样坚硬的合成材料——钻石是自然界中最硬的矿物。\n 通过添加纳米涂层，工具的抗粘磨损能力提高了 40%。根据该报，切削速度可达到每分钟 300 到 500 米（984 到 1,640 英尺），比传统切削工具快 1.5 倍。\n\n\n 新工艺还采用了冷却技术，将温度降低了 30% 以上，并减少了 15% 到 30% 的工具磨损。该技术已发展成为装甲钢高效加工的综合解决方案，并成功应用于坦克和装甲车辆等设备的制造。\n 对于每 50 台装甲钢设备，新方法将节省超过 65 万元人民币（92,300 美元）的生产成本，包括工具和能源费用。一旦规模化，预计该行业的年收益将超过 200 万元人民币，报导称。\nCleveland-Cliffs 是美国第二大钢铁制造商，5 月宣布将无限期闲置宾夕法尼亚州和伊利诺伊州的三家钢铁厂，理由是财务亏损。\n 其中一家是位于费城附近的 Conshohocken，这是一家曾经生产军用合金并服务于建筑和军事市场的板材加工厂。\n 美国企业研究所的高级研究员 William Greenwalt 去年写道，美国国防部从 Cleveland-Cliffs 拥有的两家工厂采购钢材。\n“对国防部最重要的钢材质量高且采购量低，主要来自宾夕法尼亚州的两家工厂，这些工厂生产海军舰艇和陆军地面车辆的装甲板，” 他写道。\n 根据美国制造联盟 2021 年的一篇文章，Conshohocken 工厂 “生产军用级装甲和高合金钢，其中大部分用于美国海军舰队和其他军事行动”。\n 文章补充说，该工厂为 18,000 辆未装甲的军事车辆生产了专用钢装甲板，以保护它们在 2003 年至 2011 年的伊拉克战争中免受简易爆炸装置的攻击。</p>
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随着美国 Conshohocken 工厂的关闭，中国将装甲钢的生产速度提高了 30%