<p>北京于周六对其数十年的《民用航空法》进行了全面修订，首次正式将无人机等无人驾驶飞行器纳入国家法律框架，标志着国家对快速发展的低空经济的支持。\n 这些修订将于 7 月 1 日生效，已获得全国人民代表大会常务委员会的批准，是填补长期以来安全监管空白的重要一步。它们还将指导中国蓬勃发展的无人机产业的经济发展。\n 根据国家通讯社新华社的报道，修订后的法律将 1995 年的立法扩展到 16 章和 262 条，首次明确针对无人机。\n 它新增了专门针对民用无人驾驶飞行器的章节，要求所有参与无人机设计、生产、进口、维护和飞行操作的实体，除非特别豁免，必须从中国民用航空局（CAAC）获得适航认证。\n\n\n 它还要求制造商为每架无人机分配唯一的识别代码，以提高可追溯性，符合国家规定。这些条款建立在 2024 年引入的临时规定基础上，该规定要求所有无人机进行实名注册，但仅对中型和大型型号要求认证，豁免微型、轻型和小型民用无人驾驶飞行器。\n 最新的修订将这些措施提升为永久性法律，标志着对这一战略领域的更严格控制，并解决了因未经授权的飞行导致机场干扰等事件暴露出的空白。\n 除了无人机，该法律还进一步加强了通用航空安全，明确禁止激光干扰和电磁干扰，赋予航空运营商和当局在安全能力受到压力时采取行动的权力，并明确责任、制裁和补救措施。\n 此次改革还与中国政府推动低空经济的发展相关，涵盖了 3000 米（9840 英尺）以下的商业活动，如包裹递送和城市物流。\n 中国民用航空局去年发布的估计显示，该行业在 2023 年的价值已超过 5000 亿元，预计到 2030 年将超过 2 万亿元（2800 亿美元），使无人机和其他低空平台成为潜在的增长支柱。\n 中国的无人机产业迅速扩张，主导了全球市场。\n 但随着无人机操作的激增，航空事故的风险也在增加，尤其是在缺乏监管的情况下。\n\n\n 大陆的机场和城市报告了因未经授权的无人机造成的航班延误和改道，民航局承认多次发生 “黑飞” 事件。有关部门已采取包括罚款、没收、刑事指控和周边空域全面限制等处罚措施。例如，2 月 26 日，一架未注册的无人机在乌鲁木齐天山国际机场跑道附近造成延误，导致其操作人员被行政拘留。\n 北京和上海此前曾在重大政治事件、机场、景点和人口密集的城市区域周围实施全面的临时禁飞或严格的禁飞区，理由是航班干扰、公共安全和其他安全风险。\n 在一个有争议的举措中，首都城市在 8 月进一步扩大，将整个区域指定为 “禁飞区”，禁止未经空中交通批准的飞行。并未说明原因。\n 中国的新立法与与美国日益激烈的技术竞争相吻合。\n 美国联邦通信委员会最近将中国无人机标记为国家安全威胁并限制其使用，此举被北京指责为 “歧视性”。\n 虽然中国对中型和大型无人机的适航认证与美国的认证相似，但北京通过实名注册和产品 ID 要求进一步嵌入可追溯性，强调了其对安全监管和产业政策的双重重视。\n</p>

<p>中国已修订《民用航空法》，将无人机纳入其中，表明对低空经济的支持。该法律要求无人机进行适航认证和独特的识别代码，以解决安全漏洞和未经授权的飞行问题。它加强了航空安全，并支持 2023 年估值超过 5000 亿元的无人机产业的经济增长。这些修订与美国的技术竞争相吻合，美国已将中国无人机视为安全威胁。中国的立法强调安全监管和产业政策</p>

<p>Beijing adopted sweeping revisions to its decades-old Civil Aviation Law on Saturday, formally bringing uncrewed aircraft such as drones under the national legal framework for the first time and signaling state support for the country’s rapidly growing low-altitude economy.\nThe revisions, which will come into effect on July 1, were approved by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee and are a critical step in closing long-standing gaps in safety regulation. They will also guide economic development in China’s burgeoning drone industry.\nAccording to state news agency Xinhua, the revised law expands the 1995 legislation to 16 chapters and 262 articles, targeting drones explicitly for the first time.\nIt has a new dedicated chapter on civilian uncrewed aircraft, requiring all entities involved in the design, production, import, maintenance and flight operations of drones to obtain airworthiness certification from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) unless specifically exempted.\n\n\nIt also requires manufacturers to assign unique identification codes to each drone to improve traceability, in line with national regulations.\nThese provisions build on interim regulations introduced in 2024, which mandated real-name registration for all drones, but required certification only for medium and large models, exempting micro, light, and small civil uncrewed aircraft.\nThe latest revisions elevate these measures into permanent law, signaling tighter control over the strategic sector and addressing gaps exposed by incidents such as unauthorised flights that led to airport disruptions.\nBeyond drones, the law further strengthens general aviation safety, by explicitly banning laser interference and electromagnetic disruptions, empowering aviation operators and authorities to act when safety capacities are strained, and clarifying liabilities, sanctions and remedial measures.\nThe overhaul is also tied to the Chinese government’s drive to build the low‑altitude economy, covering commercial activities below 3,000 metres (9,840 feet), such as parcel deliveries and urban logistics.\nEstimates released last year by the CAAC suggested that this sector was already valued at over 500 billion yuan in 2023, with projections to exceed 2 trillion yuan (US$280 billion) by 2030, making drones and other low‑altitude platforms potential pillars of growth.\nChina’s drone industry has expanded rapidly, dominating the global market.\nBut with the surge in drone operations, the risk of aviation incidents has also grown, particularly in the absence of oversight.\n\n\nMainland airports and cities have reported flight delays and diversions caused by unauthorised drones, with the CAAC acknowledging repeated incidents of “black flying”. The authorities have responded with penalties including fines, confiscations, criminal charges, and blanket restrictions in surrounding airspace.\nFor instance, on February 26, an unregistered drone near the runway of Urumqi Tianshan International Airport caused delays, leading to administrative detention for its operators.\nBeijing and Shanghai have previously imposed sweeping temporary bans or strict no‑fly zones for drones, balloons and kites around major political events, airports, attractions and dense urban zones, citing flight disruptions, public safety and other security risks.\nIn a controversial step, the capital city went further in August, designating its entire region a “no-drone zone” and banning unauthorised flights without air traffic approval. It did not say why.\nChina’s new legislation coincides with an intensifying technological rivalry with the United States.\nThe US Federal Communications Commission has recently labelled Chinese drones a national security threat and restricted their use, a move Beijing has denounced as “discriminatory”.\nWhile China’s airworthiness certification for medium and large drones parallels the US’ certification, Beijing goes further by embedding traceability through real-name registration and product ID requirements, underscoring its dual emphasis on safety oversight and industrial policy.\n</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>北京于周六对其数十年的《民用航空法》进行了全面修订，首次正式将无人机等无人驾驶飞行器纳入国家法律框架，标志着国家对快速发展的低空经济的支持。\n 这些修订将于 7 月 1 日生效，已获得全国人民代表大会常务委员会的批准，是填补长期以来安全监管空白的重要一步。它们还将指导中国蓬勃发展的无人机产业的经济发展。\n 根据国家通讯社新华社的报道，修订后的法律将 1995 年的立法扩展到 16 章和 262 条，首次明确针对无人机。\n 它新增了专门针对民用无人驾驶飞行器的章节，要求所有参与无人机设计、生产、进口、维护和飞行操作的实体，除非特别豁免，必须从中国民用航空局（CAAC）获得适航认证。\n\n\n 它还要求制造商为每架无人机分配唯一的识别代码，以提高可追溯性，符合国家规定。这些条款建立在 2024 年引入的临时规定基础上，该规定要求所有无人机进行实名注册，但仅对中型和大型型号要求认证，豁免微型、轻型和小型民用无人驾驶飞行器。\n 最新的修订将这些措施提升为永久性法律，标志着对这一战略领域的更严格控制，并解决了因未经授权的飞行导致机场干扰等事件暴露出的空白。\n 除了无人机，该法律还进一步加强了通用航空安全，明确禁止激光干扰和电磁干扰，赋予航空运营商和当局在安全能力受到压力时采取行动的权力，并明确责任、制裁和补救措施。\n 此次改革还与中国政府推动低空经济的发展相关，涵盖了 3000 米（9840 英尺）以下的商业活动，如包裹递送和城市物流。\n 中国民用航空局去年发布的估计显示，该行业在 2023 年的价值已超过 5000 亿元，预计到 2030 年将超过 2 万亿元（2800 亿美元），使无人机和其他低空平台成为潜在的增长支柱。\n 中国的无人机产业迅速扩张，主导了全球市场。\n 但随着无人机操作的激增，航空事故的风险也在增加，尤其是在缺乏监管的情况下。\n\n\n 大陆的机场和城市报告了因未经授权的无人机造成的航班延误和改道，民航局承认多次发生 “黑飞” 事件。有关部门已采取包括罚款、没收、刑事指控和周边空域全面限制等处罚措施。例如，2 月 26 日，一架未注册的无人机在乌鲁木齐天山国际机场跑道附近造成延误，导致其操作人员被行政拘留。\n 北京和上海此前曾在重大政治事件、机场、景点和人口密集的城市区域周围实施全面的临时禁飞或严格的禁飞区，理由是航班干扰、公共安全和其他安全风险。\n 在一个有争议的举措中，首都城市在 8 月进一步扩大，将整个区域指定为 “禁飞区”，禁止未经空中交通批准的飞行。并未说明原因。\n 中国的新立法与与美国日益激烈的技术竞争相吻合。\n 美国联邦通信委员会最近将中国无人机标记为国家安全威胁并限制其使用，此举被北京指责为 “歧视性”。\n 虽然中国对中型和大型无人机的适航认证与美国的认证相似，但北京通过实名注册和产品 ID 要求进一步嵌入可追溯性，强调了其对安全监管和产业政策的双重重视。\n</p>
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中国将无人机规则纳入法律，随着低空经济的兴起