<p>以核电激励措施换取废物存储场所</p>
<p>各州将与能源部展开对话</p>
<p>能源部可能在本周邀请各州表达兴趣</p>
<p>作者：蒂莫西·加德纳</p>
<p>华盛顿，1 月 21 日（路透社）——美国能源部将在本周尽快寻求各州对存储核废料的兴趣，以换取建设核反应堆的激励措施，一位知情人士周三表示。</p>
<p>特朗普总统的政府希望到 2050 年将美国的核电能力提高四倍，达到 400 吉瓦，因为电力需求在几十年来首次因数据中心、人工智能和加密货币等来源而激增。</p>
<p>这一新战略是一个重大的政策转变，旨在解决困扰美国核工业数十年的问题：如何处理其放射性废物。克服地方对废物存储的反对被视为实现政府雄心勃勃的核能扩张目标的关键。</p>
<p>特朗普在达沃斯的世界经济论坛上表示，核电可以以 “良好的价格” 开发，并且是安全的，尽管他之前对核电表示过保留。</p>
<p>能源部尚未立即回应关于该计划的评论请求，计划的细节可能会有所变化。</p>
<p>近年来，地方对放射性和有毒核废料的担忧减缓了核电的发展。废料目前存放在核电厂现场，首先在乏燃料池中，然后在混凝土和钢制的桶中。</p>
<p>让各州在地下深处设立废物存储库，以换取核电厂的激励措施，将代表着从长期以来将废物存储在内华达州尤卡山的计划的转变。</p>
<p>自 1987 年以来，能源部仅将尤卡山作为所有美国废物的单一存储库，但前总统奥巴马因州立法者的反对停止了该项目。美国政府在多个政府任期内至少在尤卡山上花费了 150 亿美元。</p>
<p>在尤卡山之后，能源部专注于基于同意的核废物选址。但目前没有永久存储场所的计划。</p>
<p>能源部将邀请各州对核电交易表示兴趣，这些交易还将提供核废料再处理和铀浓缩的激励措施，知情人士表示。该计划将是非约束性的，各州不必接受其中的每一个要素，知情人士表示。</p>
<p>前总统罗纳德·里根解除了一项关于核废料再处理或回收的禁令，但由于成本原因，美国的公司尚未商业化开发这一技术。许多防扩散倡导者反对再处理，称其供应链可能成为寻求获取材料以制造粗制核弹的激进分子的目标。</p>
<p>该计划首次由《政治报》于周三报道。</p>

<p>美国能源部计划寻求各州对承载核废料的兴趣，以换取建设核反应堆的激励措施。该倡议旨在到 2050 年将美国的核电容量增加到 400 吉瓦，解决长期以来的放射性废物管理问题。该战略标志着从之前将内华达州的尤卡山作为唯一储存库的重点转变。能源部将邀请各州考虑非约束性协议，这些协议可能包括核废料再处理和铀浓缩的激励措施，尽管地方反对仍然是一个重大挑战</p>

<p>Incentives for nuclear power in exchange for hosting waste sites</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>以核电激励措施换取废物存储场所</p>
</div><p>States would enter dialogue with Energy Department</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>各州将与能源部展开对话</p>
</div><p>Energy Department likely to invite interest from states this week</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>能源部可能在本周邀请各州表达兴趣</p>
</div><p>By Timothy Gardner</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作者：蒂莫西·加德纳</p>
</div><p>WASHINGTON, Jan 21 (Reuters) - The U.S. Department of Energy will seek interest from U.S. states as soon as this week on storing nuclear waste in return for incentives to build nuclear reactors, a source with knowledge of the matter said on Wednesday.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>华盛顿，1 月 21 日（路透社）——美国能源部将在本周尽快寻求各州对存储核废料的兴趣，以换取建设核反应堆的激励措施，一位知情人士周三表示。</p>
</div><p>The administration of President Donald Trump wants to quadruple U.S. nuclear power capacity to 400 gigawatts by 2050 as electricity demand surges for the first time in decades driven by sources including data centers for AI and cryptocurrencies.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>特朗普总统的政府希望到 2050 年将美国的核电能力提高四倍，达到 400 吉瓦，因为电力需求在几十年来首次因数据中心、人工智能和加密货币等来源而激增。</p>
</div><p>The new strategy is a major policy shift aimed at solving a decades-old problem that has hobbled the U.S. nuclear industry: what to do with its radioactive waste. Overcoming local opposition to waste storage is seen as critical to achieving the administration’s ambitious nuclear expansion goals.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这一新战略是一个重大的政策转变，旨在解决困扰美国核工业数十年的问题：如何处理其放射性废物。克服地方对废物存储的反对被视为实现政府雄心勃勃的核能扩张目标的关键。</p>
</div><p>Trump told the World Economic Forum in Davos on Wednesday that nuclear power can be developed at “good prices” and be safe despite having previously expressed reservations about it.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>特朗普在达沃斯的世界经济论坛上表示，核电可以以 “良好的价格” 开发，并且是安全的，尽管他之前对核电表示过保留。</p>
</div><p>The Energy Department did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the plan, details of which could change.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>能源部尚未立即回应关于该计划的评论请求，计划的细节可能会有所变化。</p>
</div><p>Local concerns about radioactive and toxic nuclear waste have slowed the development of nuclear power in recent years. The waste is currently kept onsite at nuclear power plants, first in spent fuel pools and then in concrete and steel casks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>近年来，地方对放射性和有毒核废料的担忧减缓了核电的发展。废料目前存放在核电厂现场，首先在乏燃料池中，然后在混凝土和钢制的桶中。</p>
</div><p>Having states host waste repositories deep underground in exchange for incentives for nuclear power plants would represent a departure from a long-held plan to store the waste under Nevada’s Yucca Mountain.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>让各州在地下深处设立废物存储库，以换取核电厂的激励措施，将代表着从长期以来将废物存储在内华达州尤卡山的计划的转变。</p>
</div><p>The department focused solely on Yucca as a single repository for all U.S. waste starting in 1987, but former President Barack Obama stopped the project due to opposition from state lawmakers. The U.S. government spent at least $15 billion on Yucca over several administrations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>自 1987 年以来，能源部仅将尤卡山作为所有美国废物的单一存储库，但前总统奥巴马因州立法者的反对停止了该项目。美国政府在多个政府任期内至少在尤卡山上花费了 150 亿美元。</p>
</div><p>After Yucca, the department has focused on consent-based siting for nuclear waste. But there are no current plans for a permanent storage site.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在尤卡山之后，能源部专注于基于同意的核废物选址。但目前没有永久存储场所的计划。</p>
</div><p>The Energy Department will invite interest from states on deals for nuclear power that would also offer incentives for nuclear waste reprocessing and uranium enrichment, the source said. The plan would be non-binding, and states would not have to accept every element of it, the source said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>能源部将邀请各州对核电交易表示兴趣，这些交易还将提供核废料再处理和铀浓缩的激励措施，知情人士表示。该计划将是非约束性的，各州不必接受其中的每一个要素，知情人士表示。</p>
</div><p>Former President Ronald Reagan lifted a moratorium on reprocessing, or recycling, of nuclear waste, but companies have not commercially developed the technique in the United States due to costs. Many non-proliferation advocates oppose reprocessing, saying its supply chain could be a target for militants seeking to seize materials for use in a crude nuclear bomb.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>前总统罗纳德·里根解除了一项关于核废料再处理或回收的禁令，但由于成本原因，美国的公司尚未商业化开发这一技术。许多防扩散倡导者反对再处理，称其供应链可能成为寻求获取材料以制造粗制核弹的激进分子的目标。</p>
</div><p>The plan was first reported by Politico on Wednesday.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该计划首次由《政治报》于周三报道。</p>
</div>

消息人士称，美国将向各州提供协议以安置核废料