<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/2QPSndNM83WUNIO3rXHsuw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/4b808693a3ade0c59e3bc07b9f83c07f?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/2QPSndNM83WUNIO3rXHsuw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/4b808693a3ade0c59e3bc07b9f83c07f"/></p>
<p>李玉兰女士（中）在 46 岁时开始出现潮热和情绪波动。这些症状在她接受更年期激素治疗后消失。</p>
<p>新加坡——当李玉兰女士 46 岁时，她开始遭受潮热和严重的情绪波动。</p>
<p>她不得不一天洗澡四次，而不是通常的两次，护理病房的姐妹问她为什么脾气这么急躁。</p>
<p>李女士将她的更年期形容为 “闪电般的瞬间——突然且意外”——她在 50 岁时成为 KK 妇女儿童医院的护理主任，她告诉记者：“即使我的护理培训也没有让我为这一阶段做好准备。”</p>
<p>鉴于医疗培训不足、对过时研究的持续恐惧以及社会污名，或许并不令人惊讶的是，KKH 在 2025 年对近 300 名初级保健医生的研究发现，90% 的医生对诊断和治疗更年期症状没有信心，尽管他们曾接诊过中年女性（45 至 65 岁）。</p>
<p>医生们提到的原因包括缺乏培训、知识和时间，并表示女性通常只会因潮热、夜间出汗和睡眠障碍等明显症状寻求帮助。</p>
<p>为了填补这一空白，新加坡于 2 月 20 日发布了首套更年期过渡管理指南，提供了基于科学的建议，以管理这一状况并促进多学科合作。</p>
<p>该指南针对的是在初级医疗中照顾中年女性的医疗专业人员（如社区诊所的医生和护士），为识别更年期作为临床诊断建立必要的系统。</p>
<p>该指南由内政部和外交部高级国务部长沈安在 KKH 举行的国际会议 “促进女性和儿童代谢健康结果的综合研究平台” 开幕式上发布。</p>
<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/3RQPDk7rAL9cEyJK.3gh5A--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/ee6485eb6058f34710e9e63cd4d361b2?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/3RQPDk7rAL9cEyJK.3gh5A--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/ee6485eb6058f34710e9e63cd4d361b2"/></p>
<p>内政部和外交部高级国务部长沈安（中）在 KK 妇女儿童医院母婴健康研究所发布新加坡首套更年期过渡管理指南时。</p>
<p>在她的讲话中，沈安女士，作为人民协会女性融合网络委员会的顾问，表示该指南承认更年期需要更多的医疗关注，并且有效的治疗方法是存在的。</p>
<p>她引用了 KKH 对约 1500 名 45 至 65 岁女性的 2025 年研究，发现 70% 的女性经历中度到严重的更年期症状，但其中 70% 的人没有寻求医疗帮助。</p>
<p>“我们不仅需要临床指南，还需要文化转变……我们需要让女性、她们的家庭、朋友和社区之间关于更年期经历的全谱对话变得正常化，” 沈安女士说。</p>
<p>这一套达成一致的指南将帮助处理中年女性的医生为有更年期症状的女性提供一致的更新实践，因为在其制定过程中涉及了多个专业，从而减少不同领域之间的混淆。</p>
<p>新加坡国立大学妇产科名誉顾问杨宇亮教授及工作组成员表示：“我们试图整合该领域的所有最新进展，并将其本地化为新加坡女性。”</p>
<p>在新加坡，进入更年期时的五大症状是关节和肌肉疼痛、睡眠障碍、性健康下降、身体和心理疲劳以及潮热。这些症状与西方人群不同，后者潮热是最常见的症状。</p>
<h2>指南重申更年期激素治疗的安全性和有效性</h2>
<p>该指南还重申了更年期激素治疗（MHT）在治疗潮热和与更年期相关的情绪问题以及预防骨质疏松症（这种骨病以骨量减少和孔隙度增加为特征，使骨骼脆弱、易碎且极易骨折）方面是安全有效的。</p>
<p>KK 更年期中心的副教授鲁克欣·普瓦文德兰表示，MHT 不安全的误解源于 1993 年对约 17 万名绝经后女性进行的女性健康倡议（WHI）研究，该研究显著改变了医学界对激素治疗、饮食和疾病预防的理解。</p>
<p>“该研究招募了 50 至 79 岁的女性。在实践中，我们从不对从未接受过激素治疗的 70 多岁女性进行激素治疗……难怪结果显示该治疗可能有害，并引发担忧。美国 FDA（食品药品监督管理局）随后对所有形式的激素替代治疗发布了广泛的黑框警告，促使大家远离，” 她说。</p>
<p>黑框警告是 FDA 对处方药和医疗设备强制要求的最严格和最严重的安全警告，旨在提醒医生和患者注意严重、危及生命或永久性残疾的风险。</p>
<p>鲁克欣教授表示，当医生们多年后重新审视该研究时，他们发现年轻组的女性在激素替代治疗中表现良好，实际上受益于此。</p>
<p>她表示，选择 MHT 取决于其需求、风险因素和个人情况，包括年龄和个人偏好。</p>
<p>“对于大多数 60 岁以下并有更年期症状的女性，或者在最后一次月经后的 10 年内，开始激素替代疗法的好处通常超过潜在风险，” KKH 家庭医学服务负责人 Rukshin 教授表示。</p>
<p>至于现年 86 岁的李女士，她已经做了一些生活方式的改变，以确保自己继续过上健康的生活。</p>
<p>“我以前喜欢游泳，但现在不再游泳了。现在，我和朋友们一起跳排舞，” 她说。</p>
<p>来源：海峡时报 © SPH Media Limited。转载需经许可。</p>
<p>在这里发现如何享受其他优质文章。</p>

<p>新加坡已发布首套关于更年期过渡管理的指南，以帮助医疗专业人员管理 45 至 65 岁女性的更年期症状。这些指南解决了初级保健医生在诊断和治疗更年期方面缺乏信心的问题，这一点在 2025 年的一项研究中得到了强调。高级部长沈颖强调了需要进行文化转变，以使更年期讨论正常化。这些指南重申了更年期激素治疗在治疗症状和预防骨质疏松方面的安全性和有效性，旨在改善新加坡中年女性的护理</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/2QPSndNM83WUNIO3rXHsuw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/4b808693a3ade0c59e3bc07b9f83c07f" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/2QPSndNM83WUNIO3rXHsuw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/4b808693a3ade0c59e3bc07b9f83c07f"/></p>
<p>Madam Lee Yoke Lan (centre) started having hot flashes and mood swings at 46. These stopped after she went on menopause hormone therapy.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>李玉兰女士（中）在 46 岁时开始出现潮热和情绪波动。这些症状在她接受更年期激素治疗后消失。</p>
</div><p>SINGAPORE – When Madam Lee Yoke Lan turned 46, she began to suffer hot flushes and had bad mood swings.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>新加坡——当李玉兰女士 46 岁时，她开始遭受潮热和严重的情绪波动。</p>
</div><p>She had to shower four times a day instead of the usual two, and was asked by the sister in the nursing ward where she worked why her temper was so short.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她不得不一天洗澡四次，而不是通常的两次，护理病房的姐妹问她为什么脾气这么急躁。</p>
</div><p>Describing her menopause as “a flash of lightning – sudden and unexpected” – Madam Lee, who went on to become the director of nursing at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH) at 50, told reporters that “even my nursing training did not prepare me for this phase in my life”.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>李女士将她的更年期形容为 “闪电般的瞬间——突然且意外”——她在 50 岁时成为 KK 妇女儿童医院的护理主任，她告诉记者：“即使我的护理培训也没有让我为这一阶段做好准备。”</p>
</div><p>Given the insufficient medical training, lingering fear from outdated research, and societal stigma, it may perhaps not come as a surprise that a 2025 study by KKH of almost 300 primary care doctors found that nine in 10 were not confident in diagnosing and treating menopausal symptoms despite having seen female patients in midlife (those 45 to 65 years of age).</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>鉴于医疗培训不足、对过时研究的持续恐惧以及社会污名，或许并不令人惊讶的是，KKH 在 2025 年对近 300 名初级保健医生的研究发现，90% 的医生对诊断和治疗更年期症状没有信心，尽管他们曾接诊过中年女性（45 至 65 岁）。</p>
</div><p>The doctors cited reasons such as lack of training, knowledge and time, and said that the women typically sought help only for well-recognised symptoms like hot flushes, night sweats and sleep disturbances.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>医生们提到的原因包括缺乏培训、知识和时间，并表示女性通常只会因潮热、夜间出汗和睡眠障碍等明显症状寻求帮助。</p>
</div><p>To close the gap, Singapore launched, on Feb 20, its first set of Guidelines on Management of the Menopause Transition, which provides scientifically backed recommendations for the management of the condition here and promote multidisciplinary collaboration.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>为了填补这一空白，新加坡于 2 月 20 日发布了首套更年期过渡管理指南，提供了基于科学的建议，以管理这一状况并促进多学科合作。</p>
</div><p>Targeted at healthcare professionals in primary practice (doctors at polyclinics, general practitioners and nurses who run community clinics) who are caring for women in midlife, the guidelines put the necessary systems in place to recognise menopause as a clinical diagnosis.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该指南针对的是在初级医疗中照顾中年女性的医疗专业人员（如社区诊所的医生和护士），为识别更年期作为临床诊断建立必要的系统。</p>
</div><p>It was launched by Senior Minister of State for Home Affairs and Foreign Affairs Sim Ann at the opening of the international meeting of the Integrated Platform for Research in Advancing Metabolic Health Outcomes of Women and Children held at KKH.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该指南由内政部和外交部高级国务部长沈安在 KKH 举行的国际会议 “促进女性和儿童代谢健康结果的综合研究平台” 开幕式上发布。</p>
</div><p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/3RQPDk7rAL9cEyJK.3gh5A--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/ee6485eb6058f34710e9e63cd4d361b2" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/3RQPDk7rAL9cEyJK.3gh5A--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/straits_times_442/ee6485eb6058f34710e9e63cd4d361b2"/></p>
<p>Senior Minister of State for Home Affairs and Foreign Affairs Ms Sim Ann (centre) at the launch of Singapore’s first set of Guidelines on the Management of the Menopause Transition by KK Women's and Children's Hospital Maternal and Child Health Research Institute.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>内政部和外交部高级国务部长沈安（中）在 KK 妇女儿童医院母婴健康研究所发布新加坡首套更年期过渡管理指南时。</p>
</div><p>In her speech, Ms Sim, who is also adviser to the People’s Association Women’s Integration Network Council, said the guidelines recognise that menopause deserves greater medical attention and that effective treatments exist.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在她的讲话中，沈安女士，作为人民协会女性融合网络委员会的顾问，表示该指南承认更年期需要更多的医疗关注，并且有效的治疗方法是存在的。</p>
</div><p>She cited a 2025 study by KKH on about 1,500 women aged 45 to 65 years which found that seven in 10 experienced mederate to severe menopausal symptoms, yet 70 per cent of them have not sought medical attention.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她引用了 KKH 对约 1500 名 45 至 65 岁女性的 2025 年研究，发现 70% 的女性经历中度到严重的更年期症状，但其中 70% 的人没有寻求医疗帮助。</p>
</div><p>“More than clinical guidelines, we need a cultural shift... We need to normalise conversation about the full spectrum of menopausal experiences among women, their families, friends (and) communities,” Ms Sim said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我们不仅需要临床指南，还需要文化转变……我们需要让女性、她们的家庭、朋友和社区之间关于更年期经历的全谱对话变得正常化，” 沈安女士说。</p>
</div><p>This set of agreed guidelines will help doctors who deal with midlife women have a consistent set of updated practices for women with symptoms of menopause, as many specialties were involved in its development, hence reducing confusion among the different fields.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这一套达成一致的指南将帮助处理中年女性的医生为有更年期症状的女性提供一致的更新实践，因为在其制定过程中涉及了多个专业，从而减少不同领域之间的混淆。</p>
</div><p>Professor Yong Eu Leong, emeritus consultant in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the National University Hospital and a member of the workgroup, said: “We have attempted to consolidate all the recent updates in the field and localise it to Singapore women.”</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>新加坡国立大学妇产科名誉顾问杨宇亮教授及工作组成员表示：“我们试图整合该领域的所有最新进展，并将其本地化为新加坡女性。”</p>
</div><p>In Singapore, the top five symptoms during the shift to menopause are joint and muscle aches, disturbed sleep, a decline in sexual health, physical and mental fatigue, and hot flushes. They differ from the Western population, where hot flush is the most common symptom.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在新加坡，进入更年期时的五大症状是关节和肌肉疼痛、睡眠障碍、性健康下降、身体和心理疲劳以及潮热。这些症状与西方人群不同，后者潮热是最常见的症状。</p>
</div><h2>Guidelines reaffirm the safety and efficacy of menopause hormone therapy</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>指南重申更年期激素治疗的安全性和有效性</h2>
</div><p>The set of guidelines also reaffirmed that menopause hormone therapy (MHT) is safe and effective for treating symptoms such as hot flushes and menopause-related mood issues, and for preventing osteoporosis, a bone disease characterised by low bone mass and increased porosity, making bones weak, brittle and highly prone to fractures.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该指南还重申了更年期激素治疗（MHT）在治疗潮热和与更年期相关的情绪问题以及预防骨质疏松症（这种骨病以骨量减少和孔隙度增加为特征，使骨骼脆弱、易碎且极易骨折）方面是安全有效的。</p>
</div><p>Associate Professor Rukshini Puvanendran, co-director of the KK Menopause Centre, said the misconception that MHT was not safe was the result of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI), a 1993 landmark, long-term study of about 170,000 post-menopausal women, that significantly shifted medical understanding of hormone therapy, diet and disease prevention.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>KK 更年期中心的副教授鲁克欣·普瓦文德兰表示，MHT 不安全的误解源于 1993 年对约 17 万名绝经后女性进行的女性健康倡议（WHI）研究，该研究显著改变了医学界对激素治疗、饮食和疾病预防的理解。</p>
</div><p>“The study recruited women aged between 50 and 79. In practice, we never give women in their 70s who have never been on hormone therapy hormone therapy... No wonder the results showed that the therapy can be harmful and it caused worries. The US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) then placed a broad black box warning on all forms of hormone replacement therapy, prompting everyone to stay away,” she said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“该研究招募了 50 至 79 岁的女性。在实践中，我们从不对从未接受过激素治疗的 70 多岁女性进行激素治疗……难怪结果显示该治疗可能有害，并引发担忧。美国 FDA（食品药品监督管理局）随后对所有形式的激素替代治疗发布了广泛的黑框警告，促使大家远离，” 她说。</p>
</div><p>The black box warning is the most stringent and serious safety warning mandated by the FDA for prescription drugs and medical devices to alert doctors and patients to the serious, life-threatening or permanently disabling risks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>黑框警告是 FDA 对处方药和医疗设备强制要求的最严格和最严重的安全警告，旨在提醒医生和患者注意严重、危及生命或永久性残疾的风险。</p>
</div><p>Prof Rukshini said when the doctors relooked the study years later, they found that the younger group of women were doing well with hormone replacement and were actually benefiting from it.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>鲁克欣教授表示，当医生们多年后重新审视该研究时，他们发现年轻组的女性在激素替代治疗中表现良好，实际上受益于此。</p>
</div><p>She said the choice of MHT depends on why it is needed, and the risk factors and individual circumstances, which included age and personal preferances.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她表示，选择 MHT 取决于其需求、风险因素和个人情况，包括年龄和个人偏好。</p>
</div><p>“For most women younger than 60 and with symptoms of menopause, or within 10 years of their last period, the benefits of starting MHT usually outweighs the potential risks,” said Prof Rukshin, who heads the Family Medicine Service at KKH.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“对于大多数 60 岁以下并有更年期症状的女性，或者在最后一次月经后的 10 年内，开始激素替代疗法的好处通常超过潜在风险，” KKH 家庭医学服务负责人 Rukshin 教授表示。</p>
</div><p>As for Madam Lee, now 86, she has made some lifestyle changes to ensure that she continues to lead a healthy life.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>至于现年 86 岁的李女士，她已经做了一些生活方式的改变，以确保自己继续过上健康的生活。</p>
</div><p>“I used to swim but I no longer do so. Now, I join my friends and do line dancing,” she said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我以前喜欢游泳，但现在不再游泳了。现在，我和朋友们一起跳排舞，” 她说。</p>
</div><p>Source: The Straits Times © SPH Media Limited. Permission required for reproduction</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>来源：海峡时报 © SPH Media Limited。转载需经许可。</p>
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新加坡发布了指导方针，以帮助家庭医生管理患者的更年期问题