<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/sGx6HO8ipnwD2jPRVTXhxw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mzk-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/4d5b70fb253e03794dde9b44ce965e54?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/sGx6HO8ipnwD2jPRVTXhxw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mzk-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/4d5b70fb253e03794dde9b44ce965e54"/></p>
<p>来自菲律宾大学洛斯巴尼奥斯的昆虫学家 Cristian Lucanas 在洛斯巴尼奥斯镇展示保存的蟑螂标本（Ted ALJIBE）</p>
<p>Cristian Lucanas 的头灯透过菲律宾雨林的黑暗，照亮了一条细细的光带，他在灌木丛中挖掘，随后用赤手轻轻捡起一只蟑螂。</p>
<p>作为东南亚国家唯一的蟑螂专家——同时也是 15 个新物种的发现者，朋友们称这位温和的科学家为&#34;蟑螂之王&#34;，这是该虫类的当地名称。</p>
<p>尽管完全意识到大多数人将蟑螂视为令人厌恶、传播疾病的害虫，这位 31 岁的菲律宾大学昆虫学家表示，它们在地球生态系统中扮演着重要角色，值得更多的研究和认可。</p>
<p>&#34;我小时候也讨厌蟑螂，&#34; Lucanas 在马尼拉南部的洛斯巴尼奥斯大学城接受法新社采访时露出微笑说。</p>
<p>&#34;对蟑螂的恐惧是与生俱来的，&#34;他承认，并补充说他通常在被问及工作时会告诉人们&#34;我在博物馆工作&#34;。</p>
<p>他的女友也是一名昆虫学家，虽然她的工作集中在比蟑螂更少被厌恶的昆虫上，但她对他的工作更能理解，已知的蟑螂种类超过 4600 种。</p>
<p>&#34;实际上，真实的总数可能是两倍甚至三倍，&#34; Lucanas 说，无法掩饰他的热情。</p>
<p>&#34;很长一段时间，没有人研究它们，&#34;他说，称这很&#34;可悲&#34;，考虑到这个群岛国家蟑螂种群的规模和多样性。</p>
<p>生物多样性极其丰富的菲律宾大约有 130 种已知的蟑螂，其中四分之三的种类在地球上其他地方找不到。</p>
<p>Lucanas 认为可能还有 200 种地方品种尚未被记录。</p>
<p>&#34;由于它们在生态系统中的重要作用，如果它们消失，生态过程将受到阻碍，&#34;他说。</p>
<p>像粪甲虫和蚯蚓一样，蟑螂是腐食性动物，专门吃和分解死去的有机物——包括它们自己——并将其返回土壤。</p>
<p>虽然一些蟑螂种类确实携带传播疾病的微生物，但他表示，没有它们的世界将减缓对生态系统至关重要的分解过程。</p>
<p>鸟类和蜘蛛将失去一个重要的食物来源，植物吸收的二氧化碳也会减少，可能会加剧全球变暖。</p>
<p>尽管如此，Lucanas 在工作时仍随身携带一罐杀虫剂，准备杀死任何可能将博物馆的 25 万种保存昆虫视为潜在零食的活蟑螂。</p>
<p>Lucanas 的痴迷始于 12 年前的一次实地考察，当时他在一个偏远岛屿的蝙蝠洞里，洞底爬满了以粪便为食的蟑螂。</p>
<p>当他的生物学课堂顾问无法识别该物种时，Lucanas 知道他找到了自己的专业领域。</p>
<p>作为 J.R.R.托尔金的终身粉丝，Lucanas 常常以作者《指环王》三部曲中的生物命名他的发现：&#34;Valar&#34;、&#34;Hobbitoblatta&#34;和&#34;Nazgul&#34;。</p>
<p>他承诺，一旦完成关于他最新发现的科学论文，其数量将会增加。</p>
<p>鉴于他专业的独特性，这位年轻科学家偶尔会发现自己受到需求，尽管是针对非常特定的情况。</p>
<p>该国最大的杀虫剂公司曾邀请他为员工讲解蟑螂识别。</p>
<p>其顶级餐饮连锁店也寻求他的建议，急于阻止所谓的德国蟑螂（一种来自印度的入侵物种）对其配餐中心的袭击。</p>
<p>&#34;控制并不是我的强项，&#34; Lucanas 承认。</p>
<p>但他坚称，蟑螂远非人们常常描绘的那种坚不可摧的生物。</p>
<p>例如，蟑螂在核战争后将继承地球的说法并不真实，他指出它们对放射性暴露的抵抗力与其他昆虫相当。</p>
<p>人类，而不是炸弹，才对这些生物构成更直接的威胁，他说，指出一些物种，尤其是在山区环境中，繁殖缓慢，如果它们的栖息地受到侵占，可能会消失。</p>
<p>他解释说，自 1890 年代西班牙殖民时期首次描述的几种洞穴居住的菲律宾物种&#34;自从它们的栖息地向旅游开放后就再也没有被见过&#34;。</p>
<p>他感叹，在他的国家，大多数科学资金&#34;用于直接影响人类的研究&#34;，担心他最多只能对菲律宾的蟑螂进行分类和解释。</p>
<p>但目前，这已经足够了，他在被问及自己职业生涯中仍剩下的几十年时说。</p>
<p>&#34;我想我会继续做我正在做的事情。这就是我建立声誉的方式。</p>
<p>&#34;而且我真的很喜欢与蟑螂一起工作。&#34;</p>
<p>cgm/cwl/ane/tc</p>

<p>克里斯蒂安·卢卡纳斯（Cristian Lucanas），来自菲律宾大学的昆虫学家，致力于研究被误解的昆虫——蟑螂。他被称为 “蟑螂之王”，发现了 15 个新物种，并强调它们作为腐食动物在生态系统中的重要性。尽管蟑螂的声誉不佳，卢卡纳斯认为它们在分解和生态系统健康中发挥着关键作用。他对栖息地丧失威胁某些物种表示担忧，并强调在这一领域需要更多的研究资金。卢卡纳斯对他的工作充满热情，旨在对菲律宾多样化的蟑螂种群进行分类</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/sGx6HO8ipnwD2jPRVTXhxw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mzk-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/4d5b70fb253e03794dde9b44ce965e54" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/sGx6HO8ipnwD2jPRVTXhxw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mzk-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/4d5b70fb253e03794dde9b44ce965e54"/></p>
<p>Cristian Lucanas, an entomologist from the University of the Philippines Los Banos, shows preserved specimens of cockroaches in Los Banos town (Ted ALJIBE)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>来自菲律宾大学洛斯巴尼奥斯的昆虫学家 Cristian Lucanas 在洛斯巴尼奥斯镇展示保存的蟑螂标本（Ted ALJIBE）</p>
</div><p>A thin band of light from Cristian Lucanas's headlamp pierces the blackness of a Philippine rainforest as he digs through the underbrush before gently scooping up a cockroach with his bare hands.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Cristian Lucanas 的头灯透过菲律宾雨林的黑暗，照亮了一条细细的光带，他在灌木丛中挖掘，随后用赤手轻轻捡起一只蟑螂。</p>
</div><p>As the Southeast Asian country's lone expert on the oft-misunderstood insect -- and discoverer of 15 species -- friends have dubbed the soft-spoken scientist &#34;Ipis Lord&#34;, after the local name for the ubiquitous bug.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作为东南亚国家唯一的蟑螂专家——同时也是 15 个新物种的发现者，朋友们称这位温和的科学家为&#34;蟑螂之王&#34;，这是该虫类的当地名称。</p>
</div><p>While fully aware most view cockroaches as disgusting, disease-bearing pests, the 31-year-old University of the Philippines entomologist says they deserve more study -- and credit -- for their key role in the planet's ecosystem.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>尽管完全意识到大多数人将蟑螂视为令人厌恶、传播疾病的害虫，这位 31 岁的菲律宾大学昆虫学家表示，它们在地球生态系统中扮演着重要角色，值得更多的研究和认可。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I also hated cockroaches when I was a child,&#34; Lucanas said with a grin during an interview with AFP in the college town of Los Banos, south of Manila.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我小时候也讨厌蟑螂，&#34; Lucanas 在马尼拉南部的洛斯巴尼奥斯大学城接受法新社采访时露出微笑说。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Fear of cockroaches is innate,&#34; he conceded, adding he usually tells people &#34;I work in a museum&#34; when asked about his job.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;对蟑螂的恐惧是与生俱来的，&#34;他承认，并补充说他通常在被问及工作时会告诉人们&#34;我在博物馆工作&#34;。</p>
</div><p>His girlfriend, also an entomologist, is more understanding, though her work focuses on insects less reviled than the cockroach, of which there are more than 4,600 known species.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他的女友也是一名昆虫学家，虽然她的工作集中在比蟑螂更少被厌恶的昆虫上，但她对他的工作更能理解，已知的蟑螂种类超过 4600 种。</p>
</div><p>&#34;It's possible the real total is double or even triple that,&#34; said Lucanas, unable to hide his enthusiasm.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;实际上，真实的总数可能是两倍甚至三倍，&#34; Lucanas 说，无法掩饰他的热情。</p>
</div><p>&#34;For the longest time, no one was studying them,&#34; he said, calling it &#34;sad&#34; given the size and variety of the archipelago nation's cockroach population.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;很长一段时间，没有人研究它们，&#34;他说，称这很&#34;可悲&#34;，考虑到这个群岛国家蟑螂种群的规模和多样性。</p>
</div><p>The massively biodiverse Philippines has about 130 known species, three-fourths of which are found nowhere else on earth.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>生物多样性极其丰富的菲律宾大约有 130 种已知的蟑螂，其中四分之三的种类在地球上其他地方找不到。</p>
</div><p>Lucanas thinks there could be another 200 local varieties yet to be documented.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Lucanas 认为可能还有 200 种地方品种尚未被记录。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Because of their outsized role in the ecosystem, its processes would be hampered if they disappear,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;由于它们在生态系统中的重要作用，如果它们消失，生态过程将受到阻碍，&#34;他说。</p>
</div><p>Like dung beetles and earthworms, cockroaches are detritivores, built to eat and break down dead organic matter -- including their own kind -- and return them to the soil.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>像粪甲虫和蚯蚓一样，蟑螂是腐食性动物，专门吃和分解死去的有机物——包括它们自己——并将其返回土壤。</p>
</div><p>While some cockroach species do carry disease-spreading microbes, a world without them would slow the process of decomposition crucial for sustaining ecosystems, he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>虽然一些蟑螂种类确实携带传播疾病的微生物，但他表示，没有它们的世界将减缓对生态系统至关重要的分解过程。</p>
</div><p>Birds and spiders would lose a key food source, and plants would absorb less carbon dioxide, potentially contributing to global warming.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>鸟类和蜘蛛将失去一个重要的食物来源，植物吸收的二氧化碳也会减少，可能会加剧全球变暖。</p>
</div><p>Even so, Lucanas keeps a can of bug spray handy at work, ready to kill any live cockroaches that might view the museum's 250,000 preserved insect species as a potential snack.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>尽管如此，Lucanas 在工作时仍随身携带一罐杀虫剂，准备杀死任何可能将博物馆的 25 万种保存昆虫视为潜在零食的活蟑螂。</p>
</div><p>Lucanas's obsession began 12 years ago on a field trip to a bat cave on a remote island, its floor crawling with cockroaches feasting on guano.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Lucanas 的痴迷始于 12 年前的一次实地考察，当时他在一个偏远岛屿的蝙蝠洞里，洞底爬满了以粪便为食的蟑螂。</p>
</div><p>When his biology class adviser was unable to identify the species, Lucanas knew he had found his niche.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当他的生物学课堂顾问无法识别该物种时，Lucanas 知道他找到了自己的专业领域。</p>
</div><p>A lifelong fan of J.R.R. Tolkien, Lucanas often names his discoveries after creatures in the author's &#34;Lord of the Rings&#34; trilogy: &#34;Valar&#34;, &#34;Hobbitoblatta&#34;, and &#34;Nazgul&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作为 J.R.R.托尔金的终身粉丝，Lucanas 常常以作者《指环王》三部曲中的生物命名他的发现：&#34;Valar&#34;、&#34;Hobbitoblatta&#34;和&#34;Nazgul&#34;。</p>
</div><p>Their ranks are set to grow once he finishes writing up scientific papers on his newest finds, he promised.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他承诺，一旦完成关于他最新发现的科学论文，其数量将会增加。</p>
</div><p>Given the uniqueness of his specialty, the young scientist occasionally finds himself in demand, albeit for very specific situations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>鉴于他专业的独特性，这位年轻科学家偶尔会发现自己受到需求，尽管是针对非常特定的情况。</p>
</div><p>The country's biggest bug spray firm once invited him to lecture its staff on cockroach identification.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该国最大的杀虫剂公司曾邀请他为员工讲解蟑螂识别。</p>
</div><p>Its top restaurant chain also sought his advice, desperate to stop raids on their commissary by so-called German cockroaches, an invasive species from India.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>其顶级餐饮连锁店也寻求他的建议，急于阻止所谓的德国蟑螂（一种来自印度的入侵物种）对其配餐中心的袭击。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Control is not really my forte,&#34; Lucanas admitted.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;控制并不是我的强项，&#34; Lucanas 承认。</p>
</div><p>But cockroaches are far from the indestructible creatures that they are often portrayed as, he insists.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但他坚称，蟑螂远非人们常常描绘的那种坚不可摧的生物。</p>
</div><p>It is not true, for instance, that cockroaches will inherit the earth after a nuclear war, he said, noting that their resistance to radioactive exposure is about on par with other insects.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>例如，蟑螂在核战争后将继承地球的说法并不真实，他指出它们对放射性暴露的抵抗力与其他昆虫相当。</p>
</div><p>Humans, not bombs, pose a more immediate threat to the creatures, he said, noting that some species, especially in mountain environments, reproduce slowly and could disappear if their habitats are encroached upon.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>人类，而不是炸弹，才对这些生物构成更直接的威胁，他说，指出一些物种，尤其是在山区环境中，繁殖缓慢，如果它们的栖息地受到侵占，可能会消失。</p>
</div><p>Several cave-dwelling Philippine species first described in the 1890s during the Spanish colonial period &#34;have not been seen again&#34; since their habitats were opened to tourism, he explained.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他解释说，自 1890 年代西班牙殖民时期首次描述的几种洞穴居住的菲律宾物种&#34;自从它们的栖息地向旅游开放后就再也没有被见过&#34;。</p>
</div><p>He laments that most science funding in his country &#34;goes to research that will directly affect humans&#34;, worrying that at best he will only be able to catalog and explain the Philippines' cockroaches.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他感叹，在他的国家，大多数科学资金&#34;用于直接影响人类的研究&#34;，担心他最多只能对菲律宾的蟑螂进行分类和解释。</p>
</div><p>But for now, that's enough, he said when asked about the decades still left in his career.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但目前，这已经足够了，他在被问及自己职业生涯中仍剩下的几十年时说。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I think I'll stick with what I'm doing. It's how I've built my reputation.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我想我会继续做我正在做的事情。这就是我建立声誉的方式。</p>
</div><p>&#34;And I really do enjoy working with cockroaches.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;而且我真的很喜欢与蟑螂一起工作。&#34;</p>
</div><p>cgm/cwl/ane/tc</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>cgm/cwl/ane/tc</p>
</div>

菲律宾的 ‘蟑螂大王’ 为那些被误解的昆虫辩护