<ul>
<li>国会在 11 月选举前出现罕见的两党合作</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>支持者表示，该立法将促进可负担住房的建设</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>自 2019 年以来，住房成本上涨了 60%</li>
</ul>
<p>作者：理查德·考恩</p>
<p>华盛顿，3 月 11 日（路透社）- 国会中的共和党和民主党正在支持一项鼓励更多可负担住房的立法，这是选民生活质量问题上罕见的两党行动示例。</p>
<p>该法案得到了行业团体的广泛支持，将彻底改革法规，使新住房的建设更快、更便宜。它还将现代化工厂建造住房的规则，并禁止大型投资集团购买更多的单户住宅，这一措施得到了唐纳德·特朗普总统的支持。</p>
<p>在共和党和民主党因特朗普的移民打击和伊朗战争而激烈争斗之际，立法者们团结在可负担住房的努力上。由南卡罗来纳州的共和党参议员蒂姆·斯科特和马萨诸塞州的民主党参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦领导的最新版本，周二在参议院以 89 票对 9 票通过了程序性障碍。预计将在接下来的几天内通过。</p>
<p>众议院以类似的票数通过了自己的版本，两个议院必须解决它们之间的差异，才能让特朗普签署成为法律。</p>
<p>立法者们急于向选民展示他们在 2026 年 11 月的中期选举前正在解决这一问题，这将决定国会的控制权。可负担性辩论涵盖了从鸡蛋到儿童保育的所有费用，但没有哪个项目在家庭预算中占据更大份额，住房的比例更高。经济学家表示，美国在经历了 2008 年金融危机后的多年低建设后，缺少大约 400 万套住房，而地方分区规则往往使在开发地区建设变得困难。</p>
<p>在 COVID-19 大流行期间，供应链中断也推高了建筑材料成本，而随之而来的利率急剧上升也推高了抵押贷款成本。</p>
<p>根据哈佛大学住房研究联合中心的数据，自 2019 年以来，房价上涨了 60%，2024 年单户住宅的中位数价格达到了中位家庭收入的五倍，远高于普遍认为的可负担比例。</p>
<h3>限制企业购房</h3>
<p>该立法将简化建筑项目的联邦环境审查，并使将空置建筑改建为公寓变得更容易。</p>
<p>它还将扩大可负担住房的融资，并提高联邦支持的多户住宅抵押贷款保险计划的贷款限额。</p>
<p>全国房地产经纪人协会和全国城市联盟等公民团体支持该法案。</p>
<p>拥有超过 350 套单户住宅的公司将被禁止再购买更多，以防止它们在竞标中击败个人买家。</p>
<p>即使是该法案的支持者也表示，它无法解决问题。沃伦表示，这 “迈出了控制企业房东的良好第一步”，而自由意志主义的卡托研究所的诺伯特·米歇尔表示，这主要是对现有政策的微调，试图向选民展示立法者正在采取行动。</p>
<p>“这是一种政治手段，表明他们在住房问题上有所作为，” 他说。</p>

美国房地产投资信托 ETF - Charles Schwab

全球优质房地产 ETF - FlexShares

美国房产主题 ETF - SPDR

<ul>
<li>Rare bipartisanship in Congress before November elections</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>国会在 11 月选举前出现罕见的两党合作</li>
</ul>
</div><ul>
<li>Supporters say legislation will spur affordable home building</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>支持者表示，该立法将促进可负担住房的建设</li>
</ul>
</div><ul>
<li>Housing costs have risen 60% since 2019</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>自 2019 年以来，住房成本上涨了 60%</li>
</ul>
</div><p>By Richard Cowan</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作者：理查德·考恩</p>
</div><p>WASHINGTON, March 11 (Reuters) - Republicans and Democrats in Congress are lining up behind legislation to encourage more affordable housing, in a rare example of bipartisan action on a quality-of-life issue for voters.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>华盛顿，3 月 11 日（路透社）- 国会中的共和党和民主党正在支持一项鼓励更多可负担住房的立法，这是选民生活质量问题上罕见的两党行动示例。</p>
</div><p>The bill, which has drawn broad support from industry groups, would overhaul regulations to make it faster and cheaper to build new housing. It would also modernize rules for factory-built housing and ban large investment groups from buying more single-family homes, a measure backed by President Donald Trump.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该法案得到了行业团体的广泛支持，将彻底改革法规，使新住房的建设更快、更便宜。它还将现代化工厂建造住房的规则，并禁止大型投资集团购买更多的单户住宅，这一措施得到了唐纳德·特朗普总统的支持。</p>
</div><p>At a time when Republicans and Democrats are fighting bitterly over Trump’s immigration crackdown and the war in Iran, lawmakers have rallied around the affordable-housing effort. The latest version, led by Republican Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina and Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts, cleared a procedural hurdle in the Senate on Tuesday by an 89-9 vote. Passage is expected in coming days.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在共和党和民主党因特朗普的移民打击和伊朗战争而激烈争斗之际，立法者们团结在可负担住房的努力上。由南卡罗来纳州的共和党参议员蒂姆·斯科特和马萨诸塞州的民主党参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦领导的最新版本，周二在参议院以 89 票对 9 票通过了程序性障碍。预计将在接下来的几天内通过。</p>
</div><p>The House of Representatives passed its own version by a similar margin, and the two chambers will have to resolve their differences before Trump can sign it into law.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>众议院以类似的票数通过了自己的版本，两个议院必须解决它们之间的差异，才能让特朗普签署成为法律。</p>
</div><p>Lawmakers are eager to show voters they are tackling the issue ahead of the November 2026 midterm elections, which will determine control of Congress. The affordability debate has encompassed everything from the cost of eggs to child care, but few items account for a larger share of household budgets than housing. Economists say the U.S. has a shortage of roughly 4 million homes after years of underbuilding following the 2008 financial crisis, while local zoning rules often make it difficult to build in developed areas.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>立法者们急于向选民展示他们在 2026 年 11 月的中期选举前正在解决这一问题，这将决定国会的控制权。可负担性辩论涵盖了从鸡蛋到儿童保育的所有费用，但没有哪个项目在家庭预算中占据更大份额，住房的比例更高。经济学家表示，美国在经历了 2008 年金融危机后的多年低建设后，缺少大约 400 万套住房，而地方分区规则往往使在开发地区建设变得困难。</p>
</div><p>Supply-chain disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic drove building-material costs higher as well, while the sharp increase in interest rates that followed also pushed up mortgage costs.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在 COVID-19 大流行期间，供应链中断也推高了建筑材料成本，而随之而来的利率急剧上升也推高了抵押贷款成本。</p>
</div><p>Home prices have risen 60% since 2019, according to Harvard University’s Joint Center for Housing Studies, and the median price of a single-family home in 2024 reached five times the median household income – well above the ratio widely considered to be affordable.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据哈佛大学住房研究联合中心的数据，自 2019 年以来，房价上涨了 60%，2024 年单户住宅的中位数价格达到了中位家庭收入的五倍，远高于普遍认为的可负担比例。</p>
</div><h3>CURBING CORPORATE HOME PURCHASES</h3>
<div class="lb-trans"><h3>限制企业购房</h3>
</div><p>The legislation would streamline federal environmental reviews for construction projects and make it easier to convert vacant buildings into apartments.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该立法将简化建筑项目的联邦环境审查，并使将空置建筑改建为公寓变得更容易。</p>
</div><p>It also would expand financing for affordable housing and increase loan limits for federally backed mortgage insurance programs for multifamily homes.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>它还将扩大可负担住房的融资，并提高联邦支持的多户住宅抵押贷款保险计划的贷款限额。</p>
</div><p>The National Association of Realtors and civic groups like the National League of Cities support the bill.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>全国房地产经纪人协会和全国城市联盟等公民团体支持该法案。</p>
</div><p>Companies that own more than 350 single-family homes would be prohibited from buying more, in an effort to prevent them from outbidding individual buyers.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>拥有超过 350 套单户住宅的公司将被禁止再购买更多，以防止它们在竞标中击败个人买家。</p>
</div><p>Even the bill’s champions say it will not fix the problem. Warren said it “takes a good first step” to rein in corporate landlords, while Norbert Michel of the libertarian Cato Institute said it mainly tweaks existing policy in an attempt to show voters that lawmakers are taking action.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>即使是该法案的支持者也表示，它无法解决问题。沃伦表示，这 “迈出了控制企业房东的良好第一步”，而自由意志主义的卡托研究所的诺伯特·米歇尔表示，这主要是对现有政策的微调，试图向选民展示立法者正在采取行动。</p>
</div><p>“It’s a political ploy to say they are doing something about housing,” he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“这是一种政治手段，表明他们在住房问题上有所作为，” 他说。</p>
</div>

美国立法者推进一项法案以降低房价