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<p>數字世界正處於重大變革的邊緣，量子計算的快速發展正在推動這一變化。</p>
<p>雖然這一突破性技術承諾提供前所未有的計算能力，但它也對當前的加密系統構成了重大威脅。</p>
<p>保護我們金融交易、通信和敏感數據的加密方法可能會變得過時。</p>
<p>這導致了量子抗性密碼學的出現，這是一個專注於保護數字資產免受基於量子攻擊的重要領域。</p>
<p><strong>理解量子威脅</strong></p>
<p>經典加密方法，如 RSA 和 ECC（橢圓曲線密碼學），依賴於複雜的數學問題，傳統計算機需要數千年才能解決。</p>
<p>然而，量子計算機利用 Shor 算法，可以在數小時甚至數分鐘內破解這些加密。</p>
<p>這意味着一旦量子計算達到實用水平，許多今天的安全協議將不再可行。</p>
<p>開發後量子加密解決方案的緊迫性從未如此之高。</p>
<p><strong>什麼是量子抗性密碼學</strong></p>
<p>量子抗性或 PQC（後量子密碼學）是指旨在抵禦量子計算機攻擊的加密算法。</p>
<p>與傳統加密不同，PQC 方法不依賴於整數分解或離散對數問題，這些問題對量子攻擊是脆弱的。</p>
<p>相反，它們利用以下先進的數學原理。</p>
<ul>
<li>基於格的密碼學：使用複雜的格結構，甚至量子計算機也難以解決。</li>
<li>基於哈希的密碼學：依賴於加密哈希函數的安全性，這些函數對量子攻擊仍然具有抵抗力。</li>
<li>多變量多項式密碼學：使用難以逆向工程的多變量方程。</li>
<li>基於編碼的密碼學：實施糾錯編碼以創建安全的加密方案。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>採用的緊迫性</strong></p>
<p>全球各國政府和組織已經在為後量子時代做準備。</p>
<p>NIST（國家標準與技術研究院）正在標準化量子抗性算法，以取代當前的加密系統。</p>
<p>金融機構、醫療服務提供商和科技公司也在投資後量子安全措施，以確保其基礎設施的未來安全。</p>
<p>一個主要的擔憂是 “現在收集，未來解密” 的攻擊概念。</p>
<p>惡意實體可以今天收集加密數據，並在未來量子計算變得足夠強大時解密這些數據。</p>
<p>這使得儘早實施 PQC 以保護敏感信息免受未來威脅變得至關重要。</p>
<p><strong>當前市場趨勢和統計數據</strong></p>
<p>根據最近的 Allied Market Research 報告，全球量子密碼學市場在 2020 年的估值為 8900 萬美元，預計到 2026 年將達到 2.14 億美元，預測期內年均增長率為 19.1%。</p>
<p>金融、醫療和政府等行業對網絡安全解決方案的需求上升推動了這一增長。</p>
<p>德勤的另一項研究估計，一旦量子計算機變得足夠強大，互聯網上超過 25% 的加密數據可能面臨風險。</p>
<p>這一令人擔憂的統計數據突顯了向後量子密碼學方法過渡的緊迫性。</p>
<p><strong>實施 PQC 的挑戰</strong></p>
<p>儘管具有潛力，量子抗性密碼學也面臨自身的一系列挑戰。</p>
<ul>
<li>計算開銷：一些 PQC 算法需要顯著更多的處理能力，使其在低功耗設備上效率較低。</li>
<li>兼容性問題：現有數字系統必須升級或重新設計以適應新的加密方法。</li>
<li>標準化延遲：建立普遍接受的量子抗性算法的過程仍在進行中，減緩了廣泛採用的步伐。</li>
<li>遷移成本：過渡到後量子安全需要在基礎設施和培訓上進行重大投資。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>高風險行業</strong></p>
<p>一些行業由於依賴安全通信和數據保護，對量子威脅更為脆弱。</p>
<ul>
<li>金融服務：銀行和支付處理商依賴加密進行交易。由於量子攻擊導致的泄露可能引發金融混亂。</li>
<li>醫療：患者記錄和醫療數據必須保持機密。量子計算可能使得突破這些數據庫變得更容易。</li>
<li>政府和國防：國家安全機構依賴加密安全來保護機密信息。</li>
<li>雲計算：雲存儲提供商需要量子抗性加密，以確保數據在未來威脅下保持安全。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>為後量子世界做準備的步驟</strong></p>
<p>組織必須採取主動措施，將 PQC 納入其網絡安全戰略。</p>
<p>步驟包括以下內容。</p>
<ul>
<li>識別當前系統中脆弱的加密方法。</li>
<li>測試並將後量子加密算法集成到應用程序中。</li>
<li>與網絡安全專家和監管機構合作，以應對新興威脅。</li>
<li>教育利益相關者關於量子計算的風險以及加密過渡的必要性。</li>
<li>在過渡階段採用結合經典和量子抗性加密的混合加密解決方案。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>未來的道路</strong></p>
<p>隨着量子計算的不斷進步，爭奪量子抗性安全解決方案的競爭愈發激烈。</p>
<p>IBM、谷歌和微軟等公司正在大力投資於量子研究，這意味着打破當前加密標準的現實正在比預期更快地逼近。</p>
<p>採取行動的必要性顯而易見——組織必須優先考慮量子抗性密碼學，以保護其數字基礎設施。</p>
<p><strong>結論</strong></p>
<p>量子計算不再是遙遠的未來——它是一個迫在眉睫的現實，需要立即關注。</p>
<p>向量子抗性密碼學的轉變不僅僅是一個選擇，而是確保數字資產安全的必要措施。</p>
<p>企業、政府和個人必須立即採取行動，以保護他們的數據，防止量子計算機使當前的加密技術變得過時。</p>
<p>網絡安全的未來取決於這一轉型，那些今天做好準備的人將在後量子時代擁有顯著的優勢。</p>
<p>有關後量子密碼學的進一步閲讀，請查看 NIST 的官方 PQC 項目。</p>
<hr/>
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QUBT

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<p>量子計算的崛起對當前的加密系統構成了重大威脅，促使量子抗性密碼學（PQC）的出現。傳統方法如 RSA 和 ECC 對量子攻擊存在脆弱性，因此需要開發新的算法。全球量子密碼學市場預計將顯著增長，主要受到金融、醫療和政府部門需求的推動。然而，計算開銷和標準化延遲等挑戰阻礙了實施。組織必須積極採用 PQC，以保護敏感數據免受未來量子威脅的影響</p>

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<div class="lb-trans"><h5>HodlX 客座文章提交您的文章</h5>
</div><p>The digital world is on the cusp of a major transformation with the rapid advancement of quantum computing.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>數字世界正處於重大變革的邊緣，量子計算的快速發展正在推動這一變化。</p>
</div><p>While this breakthrough technology promises unprecedented computational power, it also poses a significant threat to current encryption systems.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>雖然這一突破性技術承諾提供前所未有的計算能力，但它也對當前的加密系統構成了重大威脅。</p>
</div><p>Cryptographic methods that secure our financial transactions, communications and sensitive data may become obsolete.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>保護我們金融交易、通信和敏感數據的加密方法可能會變得過時。</p>
</div><p>This has led to the emergence of quantum-resistant cryptography, a crucial field focused on safeguarding digital assets against quantum-based attacks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這導致了量子抗性密碼學的出現，這是一個專注於保護數字資產免受基於量子攻擊的重要領域。</p>
</div><p><strong>Understanding the quantum threat</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>理解量子威脅</strong></p>
</div><p>Classical encryption methods, such as RSA and ECC (elliptic curve cryptography), rely on complex mathematical problems that would take traditional computers thousands of years to solve.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>經典加密方法，如 RSA 和 ECC（橢圓曲線密碼學），依賴於複雜的數學問題，傳統計算機需要數千年才能解決。</p>
</div><p>However, quantum computers leverage Shor’s algorithm, which can break these encryptions within hours or even minutes.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>然而，量子計算機利用 Shor 算法，可以在數小時甚至數分鐘內破解這些加密。</p>
</div><p>This means that once quantum computing reaches a practical level, many of today’s security protocols will no longer be viable.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這意味着一旦量子計算達到實用水平，許多今天的安全協議將不再可行。</p>
</div><p>The urgency to develop post-quantum cryptographic solutions has never been higher.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>開發後量子加密解決方案的緊迫性從未如此之高。</p>
</div><p><strong>What is quantum-resistant cryptography</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>什麼是量子抗性密碼學</strong></p>
</div><p>Quantum-resistant, or PQC (post-quantum cryptography), refers to cryptographic algorithms designed to withstand attacks from quantum computers.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>量子抗性或 PQC（後量子密碼學）是指旨在抵禦量子計算機攻擊的加密算法。</p>
</div><p>Unlike traditional encryption, PQC methods do not rely on integer factorization or discrete logarithm problems, which are vulnerable to quantum attacks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>與傳統加密不同，PQC 方法不依賴於整數分解或離散對數問題，這些問題對量子攻擊是脆弱的。</p>
</div><p>Instead, they utilize advanced mathematical principles such as the following.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>相反，它們利用以下先進的數學原理。</p>
</div><ul>
<li>Lattice-based cryptography Uses complex lattice structures that even quantum computers struggle to solve.</li>
<li>Hash-based cryptography – Relies on the security of cryptographic hash functions, which remain resistant to quantum attacks.</li>
<li>Multivariate polynomial cryptography – Uses multivariable equations that are difficult to reverse engineer.</li>
<li>Code-based cryptography – Implements error-correcting codes to create secure encryption schemes.</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>基於格的密碼學：使用複雜的格結構，甚至量子計算機也難以解決。</li>
<li>基於哈希的密碼學：依賴於加密哈希函數的安全性，這些函數對量子攻擊仍然具有抵抗力。</li>
<li>多變量多項式密碼學：使用難以逆向工程的多變量方程。</li>
<li>基於編碼的密碼學：實施糾錯編碼以創建安全的加密方案。</li>
</ul>
</div><p><strong>The urgency for adoption</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>採用的緊迫性</strong></p>
</div><p>Governments and organizations worldwide are already preparing for the post-quantum era.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>全球各國政府和組織已經在為後量子時代做準備。</p>
</div><p>The NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) is in the process of standardizing quantum-resistant algorithms to replace current cryptographic systems.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>NIST（國家標準與技術研究院）正在標準化量子抗性算法，以取代當前的加密系統。</p>
</div><p>Financial institutions, healthcare providers and technology companies are also investing in post-quantum security measures to future-proof their infrastructure.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>金融機構、醫療服務提供商和科技公司也在投資後量子安全措施，以確保其基礎設施的未來安全。</p>
</div><p>A major concern is the concept of ‘harvest now, decrypt later’ attacks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一個主要的擔憂是 “現在收集，未來解密” 的攻擊概念。</p>
</div><p>Malicious entities can collect encrypted data today and decrypt it in the future once quantum computing becomes powerful enough.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>惡意實體可以今天收集加密數據，並在未來量子計算變得足夠強大時解密這些數據。</p>
</div><p>This makes it essential to implement PQC sooner rather than later to protect sensitive information from future threats.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這使得儘早實施 PQC 以保護敏感信息免受未來威脅變得至關重要。</p>
</div><p><strong>Current market trends and statistics</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>當前市場趨勢和統計數據</strong></p>
</div><p>According to a recent Allied Market Research report, the global quantum cryptography market was valued at $89 million in 2020 and is projected to reach $214 million by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 19.1% during the forecast period.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根據最近的 Allied Market Research 報告，全球量子密碼學市場在 2020 年的估值為 8900 萬美元，預計到 2026 年將達到 2.14 億美元，預測期內年均增長率為 19.1%。</p>
</div><p>The rising demand for cybersecurity solutions in industries such as finance, healthcare and government is driving this growth.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>金融、醫療和政府等行業對網絡安全解決方案的需求上升推動了這一增長。</p>
</div><p>Another study by Deloitte estimates that more than 25% of all encrypted data on the internet could be at risk once quantum computers become powerful enough.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>德勤的另一項研究估計，一旦量子計算機變得足夠強大，互聯網上超過 25% 的加密數據可能面臨風險。</p>
</div><p>This alarming statistic underscores the urgency of transitioning to post-quantum cryptographic methods.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這一令人擔憂的統計數據突顯了向後量子密碼學方法過渡的緊迫性。</p>
</div><p><strong>Challenges in implementing PQC</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>實施 PQC 的挑戰</strong></p>
</div><p>Despite its potential, quantum-resistant cryptography comes with its own set of challenges.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>儘管具有潛力，量子抗性密碼學也面臨自身的一系列挑戰。</p>
</div><ul>
<li>Computational overhead – Some PQC algorithms require significantly more processing power, making them less efficient for low-power devices.</li>
<li>Compatibility issues – Existing digital systems must be upgraded or redesigned to accommodate new cryptographic methods.</li>
<li>Standardization delays – The process of establishing universally accepted quantum-resistant algorithms is still ongoing, slowing down widespread adoption.</li>
<li>Cost of migration – Transitioning to post-quantum security involves significant investment in infrastructure and training.</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>計算開銷：一些 PQC 算法需要顯著更多的處理能力，使其在低功耗設備上效率較低。</li>
<li>兼容性問題：現有數字系統必須升級或重新設計以適應新的加密方法。</li>
<li>標準化延遲：建立普遍接受的量子抗性算法的過程仍在進行中，減緩了廣泛採用的步伐。</li>
<li>遷移成本：過渡到後量子安全需要在基礎設施和培訓上進行重大投資。</li>
</ul>
</div><p><strong>Industries at high risk</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>高風險行業</strong></p>
</div><p>Some industries are more vulnerable than others to quantum threats due to their reliance on secure communications and data protection.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一些行業由於依賴安全通信和數據保護，對量子威脅更為脆弱。</p>
</div><ul>
<li>Financial services – Banks and payment processors rely on encryption for transactions. A breach due to quantum attacks could lead to financial chaos.</li>
<li>Healthcare – Patient records and medical data must remain confidential. Quantum computing could make it easier to breach these databases.</li>
<li>Government and defense – National security agencies depend on cryptographic security to protect classified information.</li>
<li>Cloud computing – Cloud storage providers need quantum-resistant encryption to ensure data remains safe from future threats.</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>金融服務：銀行和支付處理商依賴加密進行交易。由於量子攻擊導致的泄露可能引發金融混亂。</li>
<li>醫療：患者記錄和醫療數據必須保持機密。量子計算可能使得突破這些數據庫變得更容易。</li>
<li>政府和國防：國家安全機構依賴加密安全來保護機密信息。</li>
<li>雲計算：雲存儲提供商需要量子抗性加密，以確保數據在未來威脅下保持安全。</li>
</ul>
</div><p><strong>Steps to prepare for a post-quantum world</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>為後量子世界做準備的步驟</strong></p>
</div><p>Organizations must take proactive steps to integrate PQC into their cybersecurity strategies.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>組織必須採取主動措施，將 PQC 納入其網絡安全戰略。</p>
</div><p>Steps include the following.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>步驟包括以下內容。</p>
</div><ul>
<li>Identifying vulnerable encryption methods in current systems.</li>
<li>Testing and integrating post-quantum cryptographic algorithms into applications.</li>
<li>Collaborating with cybersecurity experts and regulatory bodies to stay ahead of emerging threats.</li>
<li>Educating stakeholders about the risks of quantum computing and the need for cryptographic transition.</li>
<li>Adopting hybrid cryptographic solutions that combine classical and quantum-resistant encryption during the transition phase.</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>識別當前系統中脆弱的加密方法。</li>
<li>測試並將後量子加密算法集成到應用程序中。</li>
<li>與網絡安全專家和監管機構合作，以應對新興威脅。</li>
<li>教育利益相關者關於量子計算的風險以及加密過渡的必要性。</li>
<li>在過渡階段採用結合經典和量子抗性加密的混合加密解決方案。</li>
</ul>
</div><p><strong>The road ahead</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>未來的道路</strong></p>
</div><p>As quantum computing continues to advance, the race for quantum-resistant security solutions is intensifying.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>隨着量子計算的不斷進步，爭奪量子抗性安全解決方案的競爭愈發激烈。</p>
</div><p>Companies like IBM, Google and Microsoft are heavily investing in quantum research, which means the reality of breaking current encryption standards is approaching faster than anticipated.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>IBM、谷歌和微軟等公司正在大力投資於量子研究，這意味着打破當前加密標準的現實正在比預期更快地逼近。</p>
</div><p>The need for action is clear – organizations must prioritize quantum-resistant cryptography to protect their digital infrastructure.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>採取行動的必要性顯而易見——組織必須優先考慮量子抗性密碼學，以保護其數字基礎設施。</p>
</div><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>結論</strong></p>
</div><p>Quantum computing is no longer a distant future – it’s an imminent reality that requires immediate attention.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>量子計算不再是遙遠的未來——它是一個迫在眉睫的現實，需要立即關注。</p>
</div><p>The shift toward quantum-resistant cryptography is not just an option but a necessity for ensuring the security of digital assets.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>向量子抗性密碼學的轉變不僅僅是一個選擇，而是確保數字資產安全的必要措施。</p>
</div><p>Businesses, governments and individuals must act now to protect their data before quantum computers render current encryption obsolete.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>企業、政府和個人必須立即採取行動，以保護他們的數據，防止量子計算機使當前的加密技術變得過時。</p>
</div><p>The future of cybersecurity hinges on this transition, and those who prepare today will have a significant advantage in the post-quantum world.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>網絡安全的未來取決於這一轉型，那些今天做好準備的人將在後量子時代擁有顯著的優勢。</p>
</div><p>For further reading on post-quantum cryptography, check out NIST’s official PQC project here.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>有關後量子密碼學的進一步閲讀，請查看 NIST 的官方 PQC 項目。</p>
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</div><p>Anuj Khurana is the vice president of technology at Oodles Blockchain, specializing in blockchain adoption, decentralized innovation and strategic growth. He focuses on scaling Web 3.0 solutions and building high-impact client ecosystems.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Anuj Khurana 是 Oodles Blockchain 的技術副總裁，專注於區塊鏈的採用、去中心化創新和戰略增長。他專注於擴展 Web 3.0 解決方案和構建高影響力的客户生態系統。</p>
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量子抗性密碼學的崛起——為後量子時代做準備