<p>隨着越來越多的消費者將便利性和價值置於品牌忠誠之上，專家表示，他們比以往任何時候都更傾向於通過在線市場購買所需商品，這增加了他們可能無意中購買假貨的風險。</p>
<p>雖然假貨自古以來就在非正式市場上流通，但在線市場的增長使得假冒商品的增加變得更加容易，因為在線購物和銷售變得非常簡單。CNBC 對沃爾瑪市場的調查顯示，週五發現了數十個盜用其他企業身份的第三方賣家，其中一些賣家提供假冒的健康和美容產品。</p>
<p>在 CNBC 與沃爾瑪分享其報道後，該公司開始收緊對某些產品和賣家的審核流程，並表示對禁止或不合規產品採取 “零容忍政策”。</p>
<p>Serene Lee | SOPA Images | Lightrocket | Getty Images</p>
<p>根據美國海關和邊境保護局的數據，從 2020 年到 2024 年，電子商務在美國零售銷售中的比例達到了歷史新高，而在此期間因知識產權違規而被查獲的商品數量也翻了一番。</p>
<p>新罕布什爾大學富蘭克林·皮爾斯法學院的知識產權法系主任梅根·卡彭特表示，消費者在在線市場購物時需要 “非常小心”，以避免無意中購買假貨。</p>
<p>卡彭特説：“你可以通過按一個按鈕從世界各地的賣家、分銷商和製造商那裏購買商品。你有時會聽到 ‘便宜買兩次’ 這句話，但購買假貨也會帶來重大安全和危險問題。”</p>
<p>假冒產品在第三方市場上一直是普遍現象，但很難量化它們的普遍程度。儘管長期的市場運營商多年來進行了多項政策變更以打擊假貨，但平台的性質使得徹底根除假冒商品變得困難。亞馬遜表示，它已採取措施解決平台上的假貨問題，併為其在防止假冒商品方面取得的進展感到 “自豪”。沃爾瑪在其對 CNBC 的聲明中補充説，顧客如果對商品不滿意，可以全額退款。</p>
<p>為了確保消費者獲得真實商品，專家建議在在線市場購物時應遵循以下幾個指南。</p>
<h2>研究賣家</h2>
<p>許多品牌通過在線市場直接向消費者銷售其產品。如果製造該商品的公司也是銷售該商品的公司，專家表示，這始終是消費者在在線平台購物時的最佳選擇。</p>
<p>如果提供商品的賣家不是品牌，消費者應研究該企業以確保其合法性。</p>
<p>過去，提供產品的第三方賣家的名稱或商業信息並不總是清晰。但《信息消費者法》於 2023 年生效，現在要求平台為某些賣家發佈該信息。</p>
<p>在沃爾瑪和亞馬遜等市場購物時，消費者可以在頁面右側看到提供產品的賣家的名稱。當他們點擊商業名稱時，通常可以看到更多信息，例如地址、電話號碼和一些關於該企業的資料。</p>
<p>賣家的頁面將為消費者提供大量線索。購物者通常可以看到該企業的所在地，瀏覽其商品目錄，並閲讀其收到的評論。如果其他購物者留下評論稱該企業銷售假冒產品，那就是消費者應該尋找其他賣家或其他地方購買商品的一個好跡象。</p>
<p>購物者還應檢查企業的地址。例如，如果賣家提供美容產品，而地址不存在或指向一家汽車修理店，那就是一個警示信號。</p>
<p>企業名稱也很重要，密歇根州立大學反假冒與產品保護中心主任卡里·卡梅爾表示。</p>
<p>她説：“例如，如果你在線購買玩具，而賣家的名稱是便宜廚房用具商店，那就存在不一致，對吧？” 這可能是一個警示信號。</p>
<p>如果品牌是否在銷售該商品並不明顯，快速的谷歌搜索通常可以揭示市場賣家是否是該產品的授權分銷商。許多品牌在其網站上發佈有關轉售商的信息。</p>
<p>在購買健康和美容產品時，專家表示，消費者應僅直接從品牌或其授權分銷商處購買，以確保獲得真正的產品。</p>
<p>卡梅爾説：“購買任何這些假冒產品都是在賭博，對吧？你可能會得到一個不會造成任何傷害的產品，但如果你幸運的話，它可能不會持續太久。相反，你可能會得到一個在正常質量或安全檢查中完全失敗的產品，這可能會造成嚴重傷害。”</p>
<p>在在線市場上銷售的許多商品被視為第一方商品，這意味着平台自己擁有並以批發方式分銷這些產品。專家表示，如果消費者看到 “由亞馬遜銷售和發貨” 或 “由沃爾瑪銷售和發貨”，他們可以放心購買該商品，無論類別如何。</p>
<h2>質疑價格</h2>
<p>在在線市場購物時，消費者應牢記老話：“如果看起來太好以至於不真實，那可能就是不真實。”</p>
<p>如果購物者看到一款奢侈美容霜的售價比其典型零售價格低 91%，正如 CNBC 在對沃爾瑪市場的調查中發現的那樣，那就是一個主要的警示信號，表明該商品可能是假冒的。</p>
<p>“當然，促使人們購買這些假冒產品的最強有力的因素之一就是價格，” 密歇根州立大學反假冒與產品保護中心的研究副主任 Saleem Alhabash 説。“讓它聽起來像是一個不容錯過的好交易。”</p>
<p>有時，第三方賣家提供的產品之所以打折，是因為它們是從清算商那裏購買的，或者是直接從零售商或品牌在促銷期間購買的。在這些情況下，價格的降低通常會比較温和，商品的成本會更接近典型的銷售價格，專家表示。</p>
<p>不過，假冒者變得越來越聰明，開始利用市場數據來定價他們的產品，Alhabash 説。有時，假貨的定價幾乎與典型的銷售成本相同，他説。</p>
<h2>包裝</h2>
<p>當消費者在在線市場上從第三方賣家那裏購買商品時，如果仍然不確定自己是否購買了正品，產品的包裝在到達時也可以提供線索。</p>
<p>“花一點時間看看它，看看它是否看起來正確，” Kammel 説。“如果他們收到的產品是他們以前使用過的，並且他們仍然保留着舊包裝，只需快速對比一下。”</p>
<p>從 Walmart.com 購買的假冒 Immuno 150 補充劑瓶上的拼寫錯誤。</p>
<p>CNBC</p>
<p>有時，包裝可能看起來不同是因為製造商進行了更改。在其他情況下，盒子上的拼寫錯誤等紅旗可能表明該產品是假冒的。如果品牌沒有更改包裝，請檢查包裝的設計和大小是否與商店中銷售的相同。</p>
<p>如果有疑問，消費者可以隨時致電品牌以確認。</p>
<h2>如果你購買了假冒產品該怎麼辦</h2>
<p>如果購物者購買了他們認為是假貨的商品，他們應該立即停止使用，並向他們購買的平台報告，Kammel 説。以下是 Kammel 建議購物者採取的其他幾個步驟：</p>
<ul>
<li>如果你對該產品有身體反應，請尋求醫療幫助以避免進一步傷害。</li>
<li>嘗試向政府辦公室報告以進行調查，例如州檢察長或 FBI 的互聯網犯罪投訴中心。</li>
<li>記錄賣家的信息，包括他們的姓名、商業地址和電話號碼。</li>
<li>記錄其他證據，包括交易收據、列表鏈接以及包裝和產品的照片。</li>
<li>考慮向品牌報告，以讓他們知道發生了什麼。</li>
</ul>

沃爾瑪

亞馬遜

<p>在線市場如沃爾瑪和亞馬遜越來越受歡迎，但它們也帶來了購買假冒產品的更高風險。最近的 CNBC 調查揭示了沃爾瑪平台上許多第三方賣家提供假冒的健康和美容產品。對此，沃爾瑪正在加強其審核流程。專家建議消費者研究賣家，檢查合法的商業信息，並對一些警示信號保持警惕，例如不匹配的商業名稱和地址。《信息消費者法》現在要求平台披露賣家信息，幫助購物者做出明智的決策</p>

<p>As more consumers prioritize convenience and value over brand loyalty, experts say they're turning to online marketplaces more than ever to buy the things they need, raising the risk they could inadvertently purchase a fake product.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>隨着越來越多的消費者將便利性和價值置於品牌忠誠之上，專家表示，他們比以往任何時候都更傾向於通過在線市場購買所需商品，這增加了他們可能無意中購買假貨的風險。</p>
</div><p>While fake goods have exchanged hands in informal markets since ancient times, the growth of online marketplaces has contributed to the rise in counterfeits because of how easy online shopping and selling have become. A CNBC investigation of Walmart's marketplace published Friday uncovered dozens of third-party sellers who had stolen the identity of another business, and some of them were offering fake health and beauty products.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>雖然假貨自古以來就在非正式市場上流通，但在線市場的增長使得假冒商品的增加變得更加容易，因為在線購物和銷售變得非常簡單。CNBC 對沃爾瑪市場的調查顯示，週五發現了數十個盜用其他企業身份的第三方賣家，其中一些賣家提供假冒的健康和美容產品。</p>
</div><p>After CNBC shared its reporting with Walmart, the company began tightening its vetting process for some products and sellers and said it has a &#34;zero-tolerance policy for prohibited or noncompliant products.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在 CNBC 與沃爾瑪分享其報道後，該公司開始收緊對某些產品和賣家的審核流程，並表示對禁止或不合規產品採取 “零容忍政策”。</p>
</div><p>Serene Lee | SOPA Images | Lightrocket | Getty Images</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Serene Lee | SOPA Images | Lightrocket | Getty Images</p>
</div><p>Between 2020 and 2024, e-commerce as a percentage of overall U.S. retail sales reached record highs, and goods seized for intellectual property violations more than doubled during that general time period, according to U.S. Customs and Border Protection.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根據美國海關和邊境保護局的數據，從 2020 年到 2024 年，電子商務在美國零售銷售中的比例達到了歷史新高，而在此期間因知識產權違規而被查獲的商品數量也翻了一番。</p>
</div><p>When shopping on online marketplaces, consumers need to be &#34;very careful&#34; to avoid inadvertently purchasing fakes, said Megan Carpenter, the dean and professor of intellectual property law at the University of New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce School of Law.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>新罕布什爾大學富蘭克林·皮爾斯法學院的知識產權法系主任梅根·卡彭特表示，消費者在在線市場購物時需要 “非常小心”，以避免無意中購買假貨。</p>
</div><p>&#34;You're purchasing from sellers, distributors, manufacturers that are all over the world with the push of a button,&#34; said Carpenter, who previously practiced intellectual property law. &#34;Sometimes you hear the phrase, 'buy cheap, buy twice,' but there are also big safety and danger issues&#34; that come from purchasing fakes online, she said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>卡彭特説：“你可以通過按一個按鈕從世界各地的賣家、分銷商和製造商那裏購買商品。你有時會聽到 ‘便宜買兩次’ 這句話，但購買假貨也會帶來重大安全和危險問題。”</p>
</div><p>Counterfeit products have been endemic to third-party marketplaces for as long as they have existed, but it is difficult to quantify just how common they are. While longtime marketplace operators have made numerous policy changes over the years to crack down on fakes, the nature of the platforms makes it difficult to eradicate counterfeits altogether. Amazon said it has taken steps to address fakes on its platform, and is &#34;proud of the progress&#34; it has made in preventing counterfeits. Walmart added in its statement to CNBC that customers who are not satisfied with an item can return it for a full refund.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>假冒產品在第三方市場上一直是普遍現象，但很難量化它們的普遍程度。儘管長期的市場運營商多年來進行了多項政策變更以打擊假貨，但平台的性質使得徹底根除假冒商品變得困難。亞馬遜表示，它已採取措施解決平台上的假貨問題，併為其在防止假冒商品方面取得的進展感到 “自豪”。沃爾瑪在其對 CNBC 的聲明中補充説，顧客如果對商品不滿意，可以全額退款。</p>
</div><p>To ensure consumers are getting the real thing, here are a few guidelines experts said people should follow when shopping on online marketplaces.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>為了確保消費者獲得真實商品，專家建議在在線市場購物時應遵循以下幾個指南。</p>
</div><h2>Research the seller</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>研究賣家</h2>
</div><p>Plenty of brands sell their products directly to consumers through online marketplaces. If the company that makes the item is the one that's also selling it, experts said that's always a consumer's best bet when shopping on online platforms.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>許多品牌通過在線市場直接向消費者銷售其產品。如果製造該商品的公司也是銷售該商品的公司，專家表示，這始終是消費者在在線平台購物時的最佳選擇。</p>
</div><p>If the seller offering the item is not the brand, consumers should research the business to make sure it is legitimate.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如果提供商品的賣家不是品牌，消費者應研究該企業以確保其合法性。</p>
</div><p>In the past, the name or business information of a third-party seller offering a product wasn't always clear. But the Inform Consumers Act, a law that took effect in 2023, now requires platforms to publish that information for certain sellers.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>過去，提供產品的第三方賣家的名稱或商業信息並不總是清晰。但《信息消費者法》於 2023 年生效，現在要求平台為某些賣家發佈該信息。</p>
</div><p>When shopping on marketplaces like Walmart and Amazon, consumers can see the name of the seller offering the product on the right-hand side of the page. When they click the business name, they can typically see more information, such as its address, phone number and some information about what it does.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在沃爾瑪和亞馬遜等市場購物時，消費者可以在頁面右側看到提供產品的賣家的名稱。當他們點擊商業名稱時，通常可以看到更多信息，例如地址、電話號碼和一些關於該企業的資料。</p>
</div><p>The seller's page will offer a host of clues to consumers. Shoppers can typically see where the business is based, go over its catalog of items and read the reviews it has received. If other shoppers have left reviews saying the business sold fake products, that's a good sign that consumers should find another seller or other place to purchase the goods.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>賣家的頁面將為消費者提供大量線索。購物者通常可以看到該企業的所在地，瀏覽其商品目錄，並閲讀其收到的評論。如果其他購物者留下評論稱該企業銷售假冒產品，那就是消費者應該尋找其他賣家或其他地方購買商品的一個好跡象。</p>
</div><p>Shoppers should also check the address of the business. For example, if the seller is offering beauty products and the address either doesn't exist or goes back to a car repair shop, that's a red flag.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>購物者還應檢查企業的地址。例如，如果賣家提供美容產品，而地址不存在或指向一家汽車修理店，那就是一個警示信號。</p>
</div><p>The name of the business matters, too, said Kari Kammel, the director of the Center for Anti-Counterfeiting and Product Protection at Michigan State University.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>企業名稱也很重要，密歇根州立大學反假冒與產品保護中心主任卡里·卡梅爾表示。</p>
</div><p>&#34;For example, if you're buying toys online, and the seller is called, you know, cheap kitchen utensils shop, there's a discrepancy there, right?&#34; she said. &#34;So it can be a red flag.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她説：“例如，如果你在線購買玩具，而賣家的名稱是便宜廚房用具商店，那就存在不一致，對吧？” 這可能是一個警示信號。</p>
</div><p>If it's not immediately obvious if the brand is selling the item, a quick Google search will typically reveal whether the marketplace seller is an authorized distributor of the product. Many brands publish information about resellers on their websites.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如果品牌是否在銷售該商品並不明顯，快速的谷歌搜索通常可以揭示市場賣家是否是該產品的授權分銷商。許多品牌在其網站上發佈有關轉售商的信息。</p>
</div><p>When shopping for health and beauty items, the kinds of products that go in or on someone's body, consumers should only buy directly from the brand or one of its authorized distributors to make sure they are getting genuine products, experts said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在購買健康和美容產品時，專家表示，消費者應僅直接從品牌或其授權分銷商處購買，以確保獲得真正的產品。</p>
</div><p>&#34;With any of these counterfeits, you're gambling, right? You may get one that doesn't cause any harm, but maybe it just won't last as long, if you're lucky,&#34; said Kammel. &#34;On the flip side, you may get something that just totally fails in what would be a normal quality or safety inspection from a legitimate company, and can cause serious harm.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>卡梅爾説：“購買任何這些假冒產品都是在賭博，對吧？你可能會得到一個不會造成任何傷害的產品，但如果你幸運的話，它可能不會持續太久。相反，你可能會得到一個在正常質量或安全檢查中完全失敗的產品，這可能會造成嚴重傷害。”</p>
</div><p>Plenty of the stuff sold on online marketplaces is considered first party, meaning the platform owns and distributes the products themselves on a wholesale basis. If consumers see &#34;sold and shipped by Amazon&#34; or &#34;sold and shipped by Walmart&#34; they can feel comfortable purchasing the item, regardless of the category, experts said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在在線市場上銷售的許多商品被視為第一方商品，這意味着平台自己擁有並以批發方式分銷這些產品。專家表示，如果消費者看到 “由亞馬遜銷售和發貨” 或 “由沃爾瑪銷售和發貨”，他們可以放心購買該商品，無論類別如何。</p>
</div><h2>Question the price</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>質疑價格</h2>
</div><p>When shopping on online marketplaces, consumers should keep in mind the old adage: &#34;If it looks too good to be true, it probably is.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在在線市場購物時，消費者應牢記老話：“如果看起來太好以至於不真實，那可能就是不真實。”</p>
</div><p>If a shopper sees a luxury beauty cream that's being sold at a 91% discount from its typical retail price, as CNBC found during its investigation into Walmart's marketplace, that's a major red flag that the item could be counterfeit.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如果購物者看到一款奢侈美容霜的售價比其典型零售價格低 91%，正如 CNBC 在對沃爾瑪市場的調查中發現的那樣，那就是一個主要的警示信號，表明該商品可能是假冒的。</p>
</div><p>&#34;One of the strongest hooks to get people to buy these counterfeit products, of course, is price,&#34; said Saleem Alhabash, the associate director of research at Michigan State's Center for Anti-Counterfeiting and Product Protection. &#34;Making it sound like it's too good of a deal to pass along.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“當然，促使人們購買這些假冒產品的最強有力的因素之一就是價格，” 密歇根州立大學反假冒與產品保護中心的研究副主任 Saleem Alhabash 説。“讓它聽起來像是一個不容錯過的好交易。”</p>
</div><p>Sometimes, the products that third-party sellers are offering are discounted because they were purchased from liquidators or during a promotion directly from a retailer or brand. In those cases, the price reduction will usually be more modest and the item's cost will be closer to the typical selling price, experts said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>有時，第三方賣家提供的產品之所以打折，是因為它們是從清算商那裏購買的，或者是直接從零售商或品牌在促銷期間購買的。在這些情況下，價格的降低通常會比較温和，商品的成本會更接近典型的銷售價格，專家表示。</p>
</div><p>Still, counterfeiters are getting more savvy and are using market data to price their products, Alhabash said. Sometimes, fake goods can be priced nearly identically to the typical selling cost, he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>不過，假冒者變得越來越聰明，開始利用市場數據來定價他們的產品，Alhabash 説。有時，假貨的定價幾乎與典型的銷售成本相同，他説。</p>
</div><h2>Packaging</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>包裝</h2>
</div><p>When consumers buy from third-party sellers on online marketplaces and still aren't sure if they've purchased a legitimate item, the product's packaging can also offer clues once it arrives.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>當消費者在在線市場上從第三方賣家那裏購買商品時，如果仍然不確定自己是否購買了正品，產品的包裝在到達時也可以提供線索。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Take a second to just look at it and see if it looks right,&#34; said Kammel. &#34;If they get it, and it's a product they've used before and they still have the old packaging of the product, just do a quick side by side.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“花一點時間看看它，看看它是否看起來正確，” Kammel 説。“如果他們收到的產品是他們以前使用過的，並且他們仍然保留着舊包裝，只需快速對比一下。”</p>
</div><p>A misspelling on a bottle of counterfeit Immuno 150 supplements purchased from Walmart.com.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>從 Walmart.com 購買的假冒 Immuno 150 補充劑瓶上的拼寫錯誤。</p>
</div><p>CNBC</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>CNBC</p>
</div><p>Sometimes, packaging could look different because the manufacturer changed it. In other cases, red flags like typos on the box could indicate the product is counterfeit. If the brand hasn't changed the packaging, check to see if the design and size of the packaging is the same as what's sold in stores.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>有時，包裝可能看起來不同是因為製造商進行了更改。在其他情況下，盒子上的拼寫錯誤等紅旗可能表明該產品是假冒的。如果品牌沒有更改包裝，請檢查包裝的設計和大小是否與商店中銷售的相同。</p>
</div><p>When in doubt, consumers can always call the brand to make sure.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如果有疑問，消費者可以隨時致電品牌以確認。</p>
</div><h2>What to do if you buy a fake product</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>如果你購買了假冒產品該怎麼辦</h2>
</div><p>If a shopper buys something they believe is fake, they should stop using it immediately and report it to the platform they purchased it from, said Kammel. Here are a few other steps Kammel said shoppers should take:</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如果購物者購買了他們認為是假貨的商品，他們應該立即停止使用，並向他們購買的平台報告，Kammel 説。以下是 Kammel 建議購物者採取的其他幾個步驟：</p>
</div><ul>
<li>If you're having a physical reaction to the product, seek medical attention to avoid further harm.</li>
<li>Try reporting it to a government office for investigation, such as the state attorney general or the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center.</li>
<li>Document the seller's information, including their name, business address and phone number.</li>
<li>Log other evidence, including the transaction receipt, the link to the listing, and pictures of the packaging and the product.</li>
<li>Consider reporting it to the brand to let them know what happened.</li>
</ul>
<div class="lb-trans"><ul>
<li>如果你對該產品有身體反應，請尋求醫療幫助以避免進一步傷害。</li>
<li>嘗試向政府辦公室報告以進行調查，例如州檢察長或 FBI 的互聯網犯罪投訴中心。</li>
<li>記錄賣家的信息，包括他們的姓名、商業地址和電話號碼。</li>
<li>記錄其他證據，包括交易收據、列表鏈接以及包裝和產品的照片。</li>
<li>考慮向品牌報告，以讓他們知道發生了什麼。</li>
</ul>
</div>

How to avoid buying fakes on Walmart, Amazon and other online marketplaces

- 消費者越來越傾向於在線市場購物，增加了購買假貨的風險。  
- CNBC 調查發現，沃爾瑪市場上有多個第三方賣家出售假冒健康和美容產品。  
- 專家建議消費者在購物時要謹慎，研究賣家信息以避免購買假貨。

如何避免在沃爾瑪、亞馬遜及其他在線市場購買假貨