<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://invezz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Exxon-Mobil-gas-station.jpg?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://invezz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Exxon-Mobil-gas-station.jpg"/></p>
<p>埃克森美孚週二宣佈，其位於蘇格蘭的 Fife 乙烯工廠（FEP）將於 2026 年 2 月關閉，原因是高供應成本、疲軟的市場條件以及英國經濟和政策環境的挑戰。</p>
<p>歐洲化工生產商是歐盟第四大出口行業，僅次於機械、汽車和製藥，正面臨一系列嚴重挑戰，這些挑戰正在深刻重塑該行業的格局。</p>
<p>這種困境的主要來源是能源成本的急劇上漲，這是俄羅斯全面入侵烏克蘭的直接後果。</p>
<h2>供應危機</h2>
<p>這場衝突引發了重大供應危機，使天然氣和電力價格飆升，遠遠超過北美和中東等地區的競爭對手，那裏的能源原料豐富且價格更低。</p>
<p>加劇這一外部能源衝擊的是歐洲化工行業普遍存在的老化基礎設施負擔。</p>
<p>數十年來對現代化和產能升級的投資不足，使許多生產設施的能源效率較低，並且相比於更新的全球工廠更容易出現運營中斷。</p>
<p>這種高昂的運營成本和結構性缺陷的結合，正在系統性地侵蝕歐洲化工製造商在全球市場的競爭力。</p>
<p>歐洲的化工行業越來越依賴進口原料，如乙烯和丙烯，因為高昂的天然氣成本使得通過裂解進行本地生產變得不經濟。</p>
<p>這種轉變威脅到供應安全、專業知識和工業能力。歐盟和行業需要戰略投資、能源改革和創新來應對這一趨勢。</p>
<h2>影響</h2>
<p>如美國石油巨頭在聲明中所述，此次關閉將影響 179 名埃克森員工和約 250 名承包商。</p>
<p>然而，50 名員工將被提供轉移到 Fawley 石化綜合體的選項。</p>
<p>埃克森表示，它已探索多種維持生產的方式，並評估了市場對潛在買家的興趣，該乙烯工廠位於 Fife 的 Cowdenbeath 附近。</p>
<p>“FEP 在英國化工生產中已佔據了 40 年的重要地位，其關閉反映了在加速退出重要行業、國內製造業及其提供的高價值就業機會的政策環境中運營的挑戰，” 該公司在路透社的報道中被引用説。</p>
<p>該設施的關閉是歐洲煉油行業更廣泛趨勢的症狀，該行業正經歷持續的產能下降。</p>
<p>整個歐洲的石油公司越來越傾向於關閉老舊、效率低下的煉油廠，或將其轉型為生物燃料加工場所。</p>
<p>這一戰略轉變受到更嚴格的環境法規、對傳統燃料的國內需求下降（隨着電動車的轉型加速）以及來自更新、更大規模全球煉油廠的激烈競爭的驅動。</p>
<p>歐洲煉油能力的收縮可能影響區域燃料供應安全，並增加對進口精煉產品的依賴。</p>
<p>7 月，能源部長邁克爾·香克斯宣佈，蘇格蘭唯一的煉油廠 Grangemouth 已於 4 月停止原油加工。</p>
<p>他還確認，英國破產的 Lindsey 煉油廠將關閉，因為未能找到買家。</p>
<p>該文章最初發表於 Invezz，標題為 “埃克森美孚宣佈關閉蘇格蘭化工廠，原因是高成本和挑戰性的英國政策”。</p>

埃克森美孚

<p>埃克森美孚將在 2026 年 2 月之前關閉其位於蘇格蘭的費夫乙烯工廠，原因是供應成本高、市場條件疲軟以及英國政策的挑戰。此次關閉將影響 179 名員工和 250 名承包商，其中 50 名員工被提供調崗機會。這反映了歐洲化工行業面臨的更廣泛挑戰，包括高能源成本和老化基礎設施，這些問題因地緣政治緊張局勢和監管壓力而加劇。歐洲關閉老舊煉油廠的趨勢仍在繼續，影響了地區燃料供應安全</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://invezz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Exxon-Mobil-gas-station.jpg" alt="" original-src="https://invezz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Exxon-Mobil-gas-station.jpg"/></p>
<p>Exxon Mobil announced Tuesday that its Fife ethylene plant (FEP) in Scotland will shut down in February 2026, citing a combination of high supply costs, weak market conditions, and the challenging UK economic and policy environment as reasons for the closure.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>埃克森美孚週二宣佈，其位於蘇格蘭的 Fife 乙烯工廠（FEP）將於 2026 年 2 月關閉，原因是高供應成本、疲軟的市場條件以及英國經濟和政策環境的挑戰。</p>
</div><p>European chemicals producers, which constitute the European Union’s fourth-largest exporting sector, trailing only machinery, automotive, and pharmaceuticals, are facing a confluence of severe challenges that are profoundly reshaping the industry’s landscape.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>歐洲化工生產商是歐盟第四大出口行業，僅次於機械、汽車和製藥，正面臨一系列嚴重挑戰，這些挑戰正在深刻重塑該行業的格局。</p>
</div><p>A primary source of this distress stems from the dramatic surge in energy costs, a direct consequence of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這種困境的主要來源是能源成本的急劇上漲，這是俄羅斯全面入侵烏克蘭的直接後果。</p>
</div><h2>Supply crisis</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>供應危機</h2>
</div><p>This conflict triggered a major supply crisis, sending natural gas and electricity prices spiraling far beyond those faced by competitors in regions like North America and the Middle East, where energy feedstocks are abundant and cheaper.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這場衝突引發了重大供應危機，使天然氣和電力價格飆升，遠遠超過北美和中東等地區的競爭對手，那裏的能源原料豐富且價格更低。</p>
</div><p>Compounding this external energy shock is the burden of aging infrastructure across much of the European chemical complex.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>加劇這一外部能源衝擊的是歐洲化工行業普遍存在的老化基礎設施負擔。</p>
</div><p>Decades of underinvestment in modernisation and capacity upgrades have left many production facilities less energy-efficient and more prone to operational disruptions compared to newer global plants.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>數十年來對現代化和產能升級的投資不足，使許多生產設施的能源效率較低，並且相比於更新的全球工廠更容易出現運營中斷。</p>
</div><p>This combination of cripplingly high operational costs and structural deficiencies is systematically eroding the competitiveness of European chemical manufacturers in the global market.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這種高昂的運營成本和結構性缺陷的結合，正在系統性地侵蝕歐洲化工製造商在全球市場的競爭力。</p>
</div><p>Europe’s chemical industry increasingly relies on imported feedstocks, such as ethylene and propylene, as high natural gas costs make local production via cracking uneconomical.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>歐洲的化工行業越來越依賴進口原料，如乙烯和丙烯，因為高昂的天然氣成本使得通過裂解進行本地生產變得不經濟。</p>
</div><p>This shift threatens supply security, expertise, and industrial capacity. The EU and the industry need strategic investment, energy reform, and innovation to counter this trend.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這種轉變威脅到供應安全、專業知識和工業能力。歐盟和行業需要戰略投資、能源改革和創新來應對這一趨勢。</p>
</div><h2>Impact</h2>
<div class="lb-trans"><h2>影響</h2>
</div><p>The closure, as announced by the US oil major in a statement, will affect 179 Exxon employees and approximately 250 contractors.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>如美國石油巨頭在聲明中所述，此次關閉將影響 179 名埃克森員工和約 250 名承包商。</p>
</div><p>However, 50 of the employees will be given the option to transfer to the Fawley Petrochemical Complex.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>然而，50 名員工將被提供轉移到 Fawley 石化綜合體的選項。</p>
</div><p>Exxon stated it had explored several ways to maintain production and gauged market interest for a prospective buyer of the ethylene plant, which is located near Cowdenbeath in Fife.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>埃克森表示，它已探索多種維持生產的方式，並評估了市場對潛在買家的興趣，該乙烯工廠位於 Fife 的 Cowdenbeath 附近。</p>
</div><p>“FEP has been a cornerstone of chemical production in the UK for 40 years, and its closure reflects the challenges of operating in a policy environment that is accelerating the exit of vital industries, domestic manufacturing, and the high-value jobs they provide,” the company was quoted in a Reuters report as saying.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“FEP 在英國化工生產中已佔據了 40 年的重要地位，其關閉反映了在加速退出重要行業、國內製造業及其提供的高價值就業機會的政策環境中運營的挑戰，” 該公司在路透社的報道中被引用説。</p>
</div><p>The shutdown of this facility is symptomatic of a wider trend in Europe’s refining sector, which is experiencing a sustained decline in capacity.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>該設施的關閉是歐洲煉油行業更廣泛趨勢的症狀，該行業正經歷持續的產能下降。</p>
</div><p>Oil companies across the continent are increasingly choosing to close down older, less efficient refineries or convert them into biofuel processing sites.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>整個歐洲的石油公司越來越傾向於關閉老舊、效率低下的煉油廠，或將其轉型為生物燃料加工場所。</p>
</div><p>This strategic shift is driven by stricter environmental regulations, decreasing domestic demand for conventional fuels as the transition to electric vehicles accelerates, and intense competition from newer, larger global refineries.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這一戰略轉變受到更嚴格的環境法規、對傳統燃料的國內需求下降（隨着電動車的轉型加速）以及來自更新、更大規模全球煉油廠的激烈競爭的驅動。</p>
</div><p>The resultant contraction in European refining capacity could impact regional fuel supply security and increase reliance on imported refined products.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>歐洲煉油能力的收縮可能影響區域燃料供應安全，並增加對進口精煉產品的依賴。</p>
</div><p>In July, Energy Minister Michael Shanks announced that Grangemouth, Scotland’s sole oil refinery, had ceased crude oil processing in April.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>7 月，能源部長邁克爾·香克斯宣佈，蘇格蘭唯一的煉油廠 Grangemouth 已於 4 月停止原油加工。</p>
</div><p>He also confirmed that the UK’s insolvent Lindsey refinery would shut down, as it had failed to secure a buyer.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他還確認，英國破產的 Lindsey 煉油廠將關閉，因為未能找到買家。</p>
</div><p>The post Exxon Mobil to close Scottish chemical plant, citing high costs and challenging UK policies appeared first on Invezz</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>該文章最初發表於 Invezz，標題為 “埃克森美孚宣佈關閉蘇格蘭化工廠，原因是高成本和挑戰性的英國政策”。</p>
</div>

Exxon Mobil to close Scottish chemical plant, citing high costs and challenging UK policies

- 埃克森美孚宣佈將在 2026 年 2 月關閉其位於蘇格蘭的 Fife 乙烯工廠。  
- 關閉原因包括高供應成本、市場疲軟及英國經濟政策環境嚴峻。  
- 此舉將影響 179 名員工及約 250 名承包商，反映出歐洲化工行業面臨的廣泛挑戰。

埃克森美孚計劃關閉其蘇格蘭化工廠，原因是成本過高以及英國政策具有挑戰性