<p>以核電激勵措施換取廢物存儲場所</p>
<p>各州將與能源部展開對話</p>
<p>能源部可能在本週邀請各州表達興趣</p>
<p>作者：蒂莫西·加德納</p>
<p>華盛頓，1 月 21 日（路透社）——美國能源部將在本週儘快尋求各州對存儲核廢料的興趣，以換取建設核反應堆的激勵措施，一位知情人士週三表示。</p>
<p>特朗普總統的政府希望到 2050 年將美國的核電能力提高四倍，達到 400 吉瓦，因為電力需求在幾十年來首次因數據中心、人工智能和加密貨幣等來源而激增。</p>
<p>這一新戰略是一個重大的政策轉變，旨在解決困擾美國核工業數十年的問題：如何處理其放射性廢物。克服地方對廢物存儲的反對被視為實現政府雄心勃勃的核能擴張目標的關鍵。</p>
<p>特朗普在達沃斯的世界經濟論壇上表示，核電可以以 “良好的價格” 開發，並且是安全的，儘管他之前對核電表示過保留。</p>
<p>能源部尚未立即回應關於該計劃的評論請求，計劃的細節可能會有所變化。</p>
<p>近年來，地方對放射性和有毒核廢料的擔憂減緩了核電的發展。廢料目前存放在核電廠現場，首先在乏燃料池中，然後在混凝土和鋼製的桶中。</p>
<p>讓各州在地下深處設立廢物存儲庫，以換取核電廠的激勵措施，將代表着從長期以來將廢物存儲在內華達州尤卡山的計劃的轉變。</p>
<p>自 1987 年以來，能源部僅將尤卡山作為所有美國廢物的單一存儲庫，但前總統奧巴馬因州立法者的反對停止了該項目。美國政府在多個政府任期內至少在尤卡山上花費了 150 億美元。</p>
<p>在尤卡山之後，能源部專注於基於同意的核廢物選址。但目前沒有永久存儲場所的計劃。</p>
<p>能源部將邀請各州對核電交易表示興趣，這些交易還將提供核廢料再處理和鈾濃縮的激勵措施，知情人士表示。該計劃將是非約束性的，各州不必接受其中的每一個要素，知情人士表示。</p>
<p>前總統羅納德·里根解除了一項關於核廢料再處理或回收的禁令，但由於成本原因，美國的公司尚未商業化開發這一技術。許多防擴散倡導者反對再處理，稱其供應鏈可能成為尋求獲取材料以製造粗製核彈的激進分子的目標。</p>
<p>該計劃首次由《政治報》於週三報道。</p>

<p>美國能源部計劃尋求各州對承載核廢料的興趣，以換取建設核反應堆的激勵措施。該倡議旨在到 2050 年將美國的核電容量增加到 400 吉瓦，解決長期以來的放射性廢物管理問題。該戰略標誌着從之前將內華達州的尤卡山作為唯一儲存庫的重點轉變。能源部將邀請各州考慮非約束性協議，這些協議可能包括核廢料再處理和鈾濃縮的激勵措施，儘管地方反對仍然是一個重大挑戰</p>

<p>Incentives for nuclear power in exchange for hosting waste sites</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>以核電激勵措施換取廢物存儲場所</p>
</div><p>States would enter dialogue with Energy Department</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>各州將與能源部展開對話</p>
</div><p>Energy Department likely to invite interest from states this week</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>能源部可能在本週邀請各州表達興趣</p>
</div><p>By Timothy Gardner</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作者：蒂莫西·加德納</p>
</div><p>WASHINGTON, Jan 21 (Reuters) - The U.S. Department of Energy will seek interest from U.S. states as soon as this week on storing nuclear waste in return for incentives to build nuclear reactors, a source with knowledge of the matter said on Wednesday.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>華盛頓，1 月 21 日（路透社）——美國能源部將在本週儘快尋求各州對存儲核廢料的興趣，以換取建設核反應堆的激勵措施，一位知情人士週三表示。</p>
</div><p>The administration of President Donald Trump wants to quadruple U.S. nuclear power capacity to 400 gigawatts by 2050 as electricity demand surges for the first time in decades driven by sources including data centers for AI and cryptocurrencies.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>特朗普總統的政府希望到 2050 年將美國的核電能力提高四倍，達到 400 吉瓦，因為電力需求在幾十年來首次因數據中心、人工智能和加密貨幣等來源而激增。</p>
</div><p>The new strategy is a major policy shift aimed at solving a decades-old problem that has hobbled the U.S. nuclear industry: what to do with its radioactive waste. Overcoming local opposition to waste storage is seen as critical to achieving the administration’s ambitious nuclear expansion goals.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這一新戰略是一個重大的政策轉變，旨在解決困擾美國核工業數十年的問題：如何處理其放射性廢物。克服地方對廢物存儲的反對被視為實現政府雄心勃勃的核能擴張目標的關鍵。</p>
</div><p>Trump told the World Economic Forum in Davos on Wednesday that nuclear power can be developed at “good prices” and be safe despite having previously expressed reservations about it.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>特朗普在達沃斯的世界經濟論壇上表示，核電可以以 “良好的價格” 開發，並且是安全的，儘管他之前對核電表示過保留。</p>
</div><p>The Energy Department did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the plan, details of which could change.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>能源部尚未立即回應關於該計劃的評論請求，計劃的細節可能會有所變化。</p>
</div><p>Local concerns about radioactive and toxic nuclear waste have slowed the development of nuclear power in recent years. The waste is currently kept onsite at nuclear power plants, first in spent fuel pools and then in concrete and steel casks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>近年來，地方對放射性和有毒核廢料的擔憂減緩了核電的發展。廢料目前存放在核電廠現場，首先在乏燃料池中，然後在混凝土和鋼製的桶中。</p>
</div><p>Having states host waste repositories deep underground in exchange for incentives for nuclear power plants would represent a departure from a long-held plan to store the waste under Nevada’s Yucca Mountain.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>讓各州在地下深處設立廢物存儲庫，以換取核電廠的激勵措施，將代表着從長期以來將廢物存儲在內華達州尤卡山的計劃的轉變。</p>
</div><p>The department focused solely on Yucca as a single repository for all U.S. waste starting in 1987, but former President Barack Obama stopped the project due to opposition from state lawmakers. The U.S. government spent at least $15 billion on Yucca over several administrations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>自 1987 年以來，能源部僅將尤卡山作為所有美國廢物的單一存儲庫，但前總統奧巴馬因州立法者的反對停止了該項目。美國政府在多個政府任期內至少在尤卡山上花費了 150 億美元。</p>
</div><p>After Yucca, the department has focused on consent-based siting for nuclear waste. But there are no current plans for a permanent storage site.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在尤卡山之後，能源部專注於基於同意的核廢物選址。但目前沒有永久存儲場所的計劃。</p>
</div><p>The Energy Department will invite interest from states on deals for nuclear power that would also offer incentives for nuclear waste reprocessing and uranium enrichment, the source said. The plan would be non-binding, and states would not have to accept every element of it, the source said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>能源部將邀請各州對核電交易表示興趣，這些交易還將提供核廢料再處理和鈾濃縮的激勵措施，知情人士表示。該計劃將是非約束性的，各州不必接受其中的每一個要素，知情人士表示。</p>
</div><p>Former President Ronald Reagan lifted a moratorium on reprocessing, or recycling, of nuclear waste, but companies have not commercially developed the technique in the United States due to costs. Many non-proliferation advocates oppose reprocessing, saying its supply chain could be a target for militants seeking to seize materials for use in a crude nuclear bomb.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>前總統羅納德·里根解除了一項關於核廢料再處理或回收的禁令，但由於成本原因，美國的公司尚未商業化開發這一技術。許多防擴散倡導者反對再處理，稱其供應鏈可能成為尋求獲取材料以製造粗製核彈的激進分子的目標。</p>
</div><p>The plan was first reported by Politico on Wednesday.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>該計劃首次由《政治報》於週三報道。</p>
</div>

消息人士稱，美國將向各州提供協議以安置核廢料