<div id="readability-page-1">China's supply edge: China refines most key minerals and leads in fiber production, creating dependencies in the AI supply chain. Deep-sea mining push: U.S. firms are eyeing polymetallic nodules in the Cook Islands to secure decades of cobalt, nickel, and rare earths. Fiber bottlenecks: AI data centers require vastly more fiber, driving shortages, price hikes, and long-term supplier deals.</div>

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<p>China dominates the supply of key minerals and fiber, creating dependencies in the AI supply chain. U.S. firms are exploring deep-sea mining in the Cook Islands for cobalt, nickel, and rare earths. The demand for fiber in AI data centers is causing shortages and price increases, leading to long-term supplier agreements.</p>

VanEck Rare Earth/Strategic Metals ETF

Guotai CSI Non-ferrous Metal ETF

ISHRS MSCI Glb Slct Met & Mining

GF CSI Rare Metals Theme ETF

Yinhua CSI Non-ferrous Metal ETF

Penghua Guozheng Non-ferrous Metal Industry ETF

Hwabao WP CSI Non-ferrous Metal ETF

SPDR S&P Mtls & Mng

Guotai CSI Non-Ferrous Metal Kuangye Theme ETF

Invesco DB TR Base Metals ETF

ChinaAMC CSI Subdivision Non-ferrous Metal Sub-Industry ETF

China Southern CSI SWS Non-Ferrous Metal ETF

China's mineral and fiber dominance fuels AI supply concerns