<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/5IKQRHuxQ0HBWzHpq4HaTw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/bf19fdbeb954b2c80bfa12a0e809cc57?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" width="768" height="511" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/5IKQRHuxQ0HBWzHpq4HaTw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/bf19fdbeb954b2c80bfa12a0e809cc57"/></p>
<p>棕榈油常常与森林砍伐相关联（CHAIDEER MAHYUDDIN）</p>
<p>一项由法新社和 SourceMaterial 进行的调查发现，参与棕榈油欺诈调查的印尼公司向包括意大利能源巨头埃尼（Eni）和芬兰可持续航空燃料领导者 Neste 在内的欧洲公司供应了棕榈油。</p>
<p>专家表示，这些联系引发了对生物燃料行业供应链的新质疑，并且跟随了关于用于燃料原料的棕榈油产品的持续欺诈指控。</p>
<p>没有证据表明埃尼、Neste 或其他受印尼公司影响的公司知晓或参与了欺诈行为。</p>
<p>印尼调查指控当地公司和政府官员合谋将棕榈油伪装成一种称为棕榈油厂废水（POME）的废弃副产品，包括通过贿赂来实现。</p>
<p>对于印尼政府来说，这是一个财务问题——棕榈油的更高税收意味着将该产品标记为 POME allegedly 欺诈了当局数百万美元的收入。</p>
<p>对于客户来说，这些指控威胁到可持续性承诺。棕榈油长期以来与森林砍伐相关联，埃尼和 Neste 都已正式将其从供应链中移除。</p>
<p>欧盟将在 2030 年禁止其在生物燃料中的使用。</p>
<p>埃尼和 Neste 都收到了来自被指控错误标记棕榈油为废弃副产品的印尼公司的多次货物。</p>
<p>专家和活动人士表示，所指控的欺诈行为突显了该行业的监管问题。</p>
<p>&#34;欧盟在 2019 年正确地决定逐步淘汰棕榈油生物燃料，因为它与森林砍伐相关联，&#34;环境非政府组织运输与环境（T&amp;E）的生物燃料活动家 Cian Delaney 说。</p>
<p>&#34;但是将棕榈油伪装成像 POME 这样的废弃产品……对供应商和贸易商来说实在是太容易了。对这些进口的验证和认证显然失败了，&#34;Delaney 说。</p>
<p>- 持续的欺诈指控 -</p>
<p>埃尼表示，它与被指控的公司没有直接合同，并通过一家认证供应商接收货物，该供应商&#34;立即暂停了与调查中涉及公司的所有业务&#34;。</p>
<p>供应商 Enviq 没有回应评论请求。</p>
<p>Neste 也表示，在印尼调查公布后，它已指示其供应商将受影响的公司排除在其供应链之外。</p>
<p>它表示，2023 年至 2025 年间货物的定期样本分析&#34;与棕榈衍生废物一致，而不是棕榈油。&#34;</p>
<p>印尼长期以来怀疑 POME 欺诈，去年在贸易数据记录的数量远超估计可用供应后，暂时限制了出口。</p>
<p>上个月，印尼当局逮捕了 11 人，包括海关官员，他们被指控在 2022 年至 2024 年期间通过将棕榈油标记为 POME 欺诈政府。</p>
<p>检察总长办公室（AGO）仅提供了被捕者及其公司的首字母。</p>
<p>法新社和 SourceMaterial 使用贸易数据，包括一些由 T&amp;E 提供的、股东协议和通过信息自由请求获得的海关文件，以确定被捕的三人的身份。</p>
<p>AGO 的一位消息人士证实了这些发现。</p>
<p>其中包括&#34;TNY&#34;，一家 Green Product International 的股东，以及一家仅被标识为 TEO 的公司的董事。</p>
<p>这指的是 Tony，他像许多印尼人一样使用单名。Tony 是 Tanimas Edible Oils 的董事，也是 Green Product International 的股东。</p>
<p>Green Product International 是 2023 年至 2024 年间向埃尼和 Neste 供应多批标记为 POME 的产品的来源。</p>
<p>目前没有确凿证据表明这些货物的内容。</p>
<p>Green Product International 没有回应评论请求。</p>
<p>法新社和 SourceMaterial 确定了调查中涉及的另外两家公司，Surya Inti Primakarya，其董事 Van Ricardo 被逮捕，以及 Bumi Mulia Makmur，其董事 Erwin 被逮捕。</p>
<p>这两家公司在 2022 年至 2024 年期间均签署了向埃尼的货物。</p>
<p>对这两家公司的电话和信息请求未得到回应。</p>
<p>AGO 表示，这三名男子仍在拘留中。</p>
<p>- '独立审查' -</p>
<p>埃尼表示，处理其货物的公司获得了国际可持续性和碳认证（ISCC）的认证，这是欧盟认证的该地区棕榈油产品进口的验证者。</p>
<p>ISCC 的一位发言人表示，Surya Inti Primakarya&#34;目前被排除在再认证之外&#34;，而 Bumi Mulia Makmur&#34;之前被排除&#34;。</p>
<p>但 Green Product International 仍持有有效证书，ISCC 的在线注册显示。发言人在被问及该认证是否会被重新审查时没有回应。</p>
<p>Green Product International 间接供应的其他公司包括瑞士贸易商 Kolmar，该公司拒绝提供正式声明，以及西班牙石油巨头 Repsol 和美国跨国公司 Cargill，后者均未回复评论请求。</p>
<p>由于对作为可持续燃料原料的高需求以及有时对棕榈油征收的更高税收，POME 行业的欺诈指控已经流传多年。</p>
<p>一些分析表明，欧盟和英国使用的 POME 数量超过了全球可用供应，暗示广泛的错误标记，尽管一些行业团体对此计算提出了异议。</p>
<p>爱尔兰已结束对 POME 在生物燃料中使用的激励措施，德国将在明年跟进。</p>
<p>爱尔兰生物燃料制造商 ClonBio 的公共政策负责人 James Cogan 表示，验证问题如此严重，以至于买家和监管者应该对任何标记为 POME 的货物保持怀疑。</p>
<p>&#34;我会挑战任何 POME 或基于 POME 的生物燃料加工商公布他们的数量、来源和文件，以便进行公众和独立审查，&#34;他说。</p>
<p>ds-mrc-sah/sco/mjw</p>

埃尼石油

埃尼(ADR)

<p>印度尼西亚公司因涉及棕榈油欺诈调查而被指控，这些公司向包括埃尼和 Neste 在内的主要欧洲公司供应棕榈油。调查指控这些公司将棕榈油虚假标记为废弃副产品，以逃避更高的税收，欺诈印度尼西亚政府数百万美元。埃尼和 Neste 已将棕榈油从其供应链中移除，但仍收到来自涉事公司的标记为棕榈油厂废水（POME）的货物。此次调查引发了对生物燃料行业供应链监管的担忧，并呼吁加强验证和认证流程</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/5IKQRHuxQ0HBWzHpq4HaTw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/bf19fdbeb954b2c80bfa12a0e809cc57" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/5IKQRHuxQ0HBWzHpq4HaTw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/bf19fdbeb954b2c80bfa12a0e809cc57"/></p>
<p>Palm oil has often been linked to deforestation (CHAIDEER MAHYUDDIN)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>棕榈油常常与森林砍伐相关联（CHAIDEER MAHYUDDIN）</p>
</div><p>Indonesian companies targeted in a palm oil fraud probe supplied European firms including Italian energy giant Eni and Finnish sustainable aviation fuel leader Neste, an investigation by AFP and SourceMaterial has found.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一项由法新社和 SourceMaterial 进行的调查发现，参与棕榈油欺诈调查的印尼公司向包括意大利能源巨头埃尼（Eni）和芬兰可持续航空燃料领导者 Neste 在内的欧洲公司供应了棕榈油。</p>
</div><p>The links raise fresh questions about supply chains in the biofuel sector, experts said, and follow persistent allegations of fraud involving palm oil products used as fuel feedstocks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>专家表示，这些联系引发了对生物燃料行业供应链的新质疑，并且跟随了关于用于燃料原料的棕榈油产品的持续欺诈指控。</p>
</div><p>There is no suggestion that Eni, Neste or other companies supplied by Indonesian firms implicated in the probe had knowledge of or involvement in fraud.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>没有证据表明埃尼、Neste 或其他受印尼公司影响的公司知晓或参与了欺诈行为。</p>
</div><p>The Indonesian probe alleges local companies and government officials conspired to pass off palm oil as a waste byproduct called palm oil mill effluent (POME), including by offering bribes.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>印尼调查指控当地公司和政府官员合谋将棕榈油伪装成一种称为棕榈油厂废水（POME）的废弃副产品，包括通过贿赂来实现。</p>
</div><p>For the Indonesian government, this is a financial issue -- the higher tax on palm oil means labelling the product as POME allegedly defrauded authorities of millions of dollars in revenue.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>对于印尼政府来说，这是一个财务问题——棕榈油的更高税收意味着将该产品标记为 POME allegedly 欺诈了当局数百万美元的收入。</p>
</div><p>For customers, the allegations threaten sustainability pledges. Palm oil has long been associated with deforestation, and both Eni and Neste have officially removed it from their supply chains.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>对于客户来说，这些指控威胁到可持续性承诺。棕榈油长期以来与森林砍伐相关联，埃尼和 Neste 都已正式将其从供应链中移除。</p>
</div><p>The European Union will ban its use in biofuel from 2030.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>欧盟将在 2030 年禁止其在生物燃料中的使用。</p>
</div><p>Both Eni and Neste received multiple shipments described as POME from Indonesian companies accused of mislabelling palm oil as the waste byproduct.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>埃尼和 Neste 都收到了来自被指控错误标记棕榈油为废弃副产品的印尼公司的多次货物。</p>
</div><p>Experts and campaigners said the alleged fraud illustrated the sector's oversight problems.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>专家和活动人士表示，所指控的欺诈行为突显了该行业的监管问题。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The EU rightly decided to phase out palm oil biofuels in 2019 because of its links to deforestation,&#34; said Cian Delaney, biofuels campaigner at environmental NGO Transport and Environment (T&amp;E).</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;欧盟在 2019 年正确地决定逐步淘汰棕榈油生物燃料，因为它与森林砍伐相关联，&#34;环境非政府组织运输与环境（T&amp;E）的生物燃料活动家 Cian Delaney 说。</p>
</div><p>&#34;But disguising palm oil as waste products like POME... has been far too easy for suppliers and traders. Verification and certification of these imports is clearly failing,&#34; Delaney said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;但是将棕榈油伪装成像 POME 这样的废弃产品……对供应商和贸易商来说实在是太容易了。对这些进口的验证和认证显然失败了，&#34;Delaney 说。</p>
</div><p>- Persistent fraud claims -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- 持续的欺诈指控 -</p>
</div><p>Eni said it had no direct contracts with accused companies and received shipments through an accredited supplier who &#34;immediately suspended all operations with the companies involved in the investigation&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>埃尼表示，它与被指控的公司没有直接合同，并通过一家认证供应商接收货物，该供应商&#34;立即暂停了与调查中涉及公司的所有业务&#34;。</p>
</div><p>The supplier, Enviq, did not respond to requests for comment.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>供应商 Enviq 没有回应评论请求。</p>
</div><p>Neste also said it had instructed its supplier to exclude implicated companies from its supply chain after the Indonesian investigation was announced.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Neste 也表示，在印尼调查公布后，它已指示其供应商将受影响的公司排除在其供应链之外。</p>
</div><p>It said analysis of periodic samples from shipments between 2023 and 2025 were &#34;consistent with palm-derived waste&#34;, not palm oil.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>它表示，2023 年至 2025 年间货物的定期样本分析&#34;与棕榈衍生废物一致，而不是棕榈油。&#34;</p>
</div><p>Indonesia has long suspected POME fraud and last year temporarily limited exports after trade data recorded volumes far exceeding estimated available supply.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>印尼长期以来怀疑 POME 欺诈，去年在贸易数据记录的数量远超估计可用供应后，暂时限制了出口。</p>
</div><p>Then last month, Indonesian authorities arrested 11 people, including customs officials, accused of defrauding the government between 2022 and 2024 by labelling palm oil as POME.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>上个月，印尼当局逮捕了 11 人，包括海关官员，他们被指控在 2022 年至 2024 年期间通过将棕榈油标记为 POME 欺诈政府。</p>
</div><p>The attorney general's office (AGO) gave only the initials of those arrested and their firms.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>检察总长办公室（AGO）仅提供了被捕者及其公司的首字母。</p>
</div><p>AFP and SourceMaterial used trade data, including some supplied by T&amp;E, shareholder agreements, and customs documents obtained through freedom of information requests to ascertain the identities of three of those arrested.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>法新社和 SourceMaterial 使用贸易数据，包括一些由 T&amp;E 提供的、股东协议和通过信息自由请求获得的海关文件，以确定被捕的三人的身份。</p>
</div><p>A source in the AGO confirmed the findings.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>AGO 的一位消息人士证实了这些发现。</p>
</div><p>Among them is &#34;TNY&#34;, a shareholder in Green Product International, and director of a company identified only as TEO.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>其中包括&#34;TNY&#34;，一家 Green Product International 的股东，以及一家仅被标识为 TEO 的公司的董事。</p>
</div><p>This refers to Tony, who like many Indonesians uses a single name. Tony is director of Tanimas Edible Oils and a shareholder in Green Product International.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这指的是 Tony，他像许多印尼人一样使用单名。Tony 是 Tanimas Edible Oils 的董事，也是 Green Product International 的股东。</p>
</div><p>Green Product International was the source of multiple shipments of a product labelled as POME to Eni and Neste between 2023 and 2024.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Green Product International 是 2023 年至 2024 年间向埃尼和 Neste 供应多批标记为 POME 的产品的来源。</p>
</div><p>There is no conclusive evidence as to what those shipments contained.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>目前没有确凿证据表明这些货物的内容。</p>
</div><p>Green Product International did not respond to a request for comment.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Green Product International 没有回应评论请求。</p>
</div><p>AFP and SourceMaterial identified two other companies implicated in the probe, Surya Inti Primakarya, whose director, Van Ricardo, was arrested, and Bumi Mulia Makmur, whose director, Erwin, was arrested.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>法新社和 SourceMaterial 确定了调查中涉及的另外两家公司，Surya Inti Primakarya，其董事 Van Ricardo 被逮捕，以及 Bumi Mulia Makmur，其董事 Erwin 被逮捕。</p>
</div><p>Both signed off on shipments to Eni between 2022 and 2024.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这两家公司在 2022 年至 2024 年期间均签署了向埃尼的货物。</p>
</div><p>Calls and messages to both companies seeking comment were not answered.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>对这两家公司的电话和信息请求未得到回应。</p>
</div><p>All three men remain in custody, the AGO said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>AGO 表示，这三名男子仍在拘留中。</p>
</div><p>- 'Independent scrutiny' -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- '独立审查' -</p>
</div><p>Eni said the company that handled its shipments was certified by International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC), an EU-certified verifier of the bloc's palm oil product imports.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>埃尼表示，处理其货物的公司获得了国际可持续性和碳认证（ISCC）的认证，这是欧盟认证的该地区棕榈油产品进口的验证者。</p>
</div><p>An ISCC spokesperson said Surya Inti Primakarya is &#34;currently excluded from recertification&#34; and Bumi Mulia Makmur was &#34;previously excluded&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>ISCC 的一位发言人表示，Surya Inti Primakarya&#34;目前被排除在再认证之外&#34;，而 Bumi Mulia Makmur&#34;之前被排除&#34;。</p>
</div><p>But Green Product International still holds a valid certificate, the ISCC's online registry shows. The spokesperson did not respond when asked whether that accreditation would be reexamined.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但 Green Product International 仍持有有效证书，ISCC 的在线注册显示。发言人在被问及该认证是否会被重新审查时没有回应。</p>
</div><p>Other companies Green Product International supplied indirectly include Swiss trader Kolmar, which declined to provide an on-record statement, as well as Spanish oil major Repsol and American multinational Cargill, neither of which replied to requests for comment.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Green Product International 间接供应的其他公司包括瑞士贸易商 Kolmar，该公司拒绝提供正式声明，以及西班牙石油巨头 Repsol 和美国跨国公司 Cargill，后者均未回复评论请求。</p>
</div><p>Allegations of fraud in the POME sector have circulated for years, given high demand for use as a sustainable fuel feedstock, and the higher taxes sometimes levied on palm oil.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>由于对作为可持续燃料原料的高需求以及有时对棕榈油征收的更高税收，POME 行业的欺诈指控已经流传多年。</p>
</div><p>Some analyses have suggested the amount of POME being used in the EU and Britain exceeds available global supply, suggesting widespread mislabelling, though some industry groups have disputed those calcuations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一些分析表明，欧盟和英国使用的 POME 数量超过了全球可用供应，暗示广泛的错误标记，尽管一些行业团体对此计算提出了异议。</p>
</div><p>Ireland has ended incentives for POME's use in biofuels, and Germany will follow suit next year.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>爱尔兰已结束对 POME 在生物燃料中使用的激励措施，德国将在明年跟进。</p>
</div><p>James Cogan, head of public policy at ClonBio, an Irish biofuel maker that only sources from the EU, said verification is so problematic that buyers and regulators should be suspicious of any shipment marked as POME.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>爱尔兰生物燃料制造商 ClonBio 的公共政策负责人 James Cogan 表示，验证问题如此严重，以至于买家和监管者应该对任何标记为 POME 的货物保持怀疑。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I would challenge any POME or POME-based biofuels processor to publish their volumes, sources and paperwork, to allow public and independent scrutiny,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我会挑战任何 POME 或基于 POME 的生物燃料加工商公布他们的数量、来源和文件，以便进行公众和独立审查，&#34;他说。</p>
</div><p>ds-mrc-sah/sco/mjw</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>ds-mrc-sah/sco/mjw</p>
</div>

在棕榈油欺诈调查中，印尼公司曾向主要燃料公司供货