<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/jbmIBJK2B421iRz8b.hWLw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/88e9cfbd5c7ee1f94a747178fae34947?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" width="768" height="511" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/jbmIBJK2B421iRz8b.hWLw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/88e9cfbd5c7ee1f94a747178fae34947"/></p>
<p>中东战争几乎使霍尔木兹海峡瘫痪，这是一个重要的石油运输通道（Sahar AL ATTAR）</p>
<p>中东战争迫使两个关键亚洲经济体的石化巨头削减生产，因为冲突扰乱了用于制造各种塑料产品的关键石油衍生成分的供应。</p>
<p>石脑油的稀缺——一种从石油中提炼的液体，对于制造乙烯至关重要，乙烯是从塑料购物袋到食品包装的关键成分——可能会对许多行业产生连锁反应。</p>
<p>日本和韩国的石化行业是两国经济的重要组成部分，依赖中东的石脑油供应——日本 74% 的进口来自该地区。</p>
<p>但供应正在枯竭，来自中东的石油重要运输通道霍尔木兹海峡几乎瘫痪。</p>
<p>自战争开始以来，运往亚洲的石脑油价格飙升了 60%。</p>
<p>&#34;我们估计日本的石脑油库存目前约为 20 天&#34;，日本第四大经济体的分析师在上周警告道。</p>
<p>&#34;如果霍尔木兹海峡关闭两到三周，这可能会对石脑油生产产生重大影响，&#34;他们说。</p>
<p>这种影响已经开始显现。</p>
<p>上周，日本巨头三菱化学开始削减其蒸汽裂解装置的生产能力，该设施将石脑油转化为乙烯和丙烯，这是其作为合资企业运营的。</p>
<p>&#34;我们得出结论，石脑油进口的减少是不可避免的。我们的目标是避免暂停运营，&#34;一位公司发言人告诉法新社。</p>
<p>– '经济安全' –</p>
<p>另一家日本领先化工公司三井化学上周开始因对石脑油供应的担忧而削减两家工厂的乙烯产量，一位公司发言人告诉法新社。</p>
<p>彭博社报道，日本 12 家乙烯工厂中已有一半减少了生产，这发生在美国和以色列对伊朗的打击引发战争仅两周后。</p>
<p>这种放缓增加了对其他行业产生连锁反应的可能性。</p>
<p>信越化学将从 4 月 1 日起提高聚氯乙烯（PVC）的销售价格——这种材料用于制造窗框、地板覆盖物、管道和电缆绝缘。</p>
<p>&#34;乙烯的价格——PVC 的关键原材料——已经飙升，我们受到供应商的供应量限制，迫使我们减少生产，&#34;该公司在一份声明中表示。</p>
<p>这场危机也影响到了韩国，韩国是亚洲最大的经济体之一。</p>
<p>&#34;我们上周通知客户，我们可能会对一种产品，二辛酸对苯二甲酸酯，宣布不可抗力，&#34;LG 化学的一位代表告诉法新社，这种产品用于从化妆品到衣物的各种用途。</p>
<p>南韩政府周二表示，将限制石脑油出口，显示出局势的紧迫性。</p>
<p>&#34;我们将在本周末之前将石脑油指定为与经济安全相关的项目，&#34;财政部长具允哲表示。</p>
<p>&#34;政府将通过出口限制和其他必要措施来解决困难。&#34;</p>
<p>– '高度依赖' –</p>
<p>冲击波正在蔓延至整个亚洲，新加坡的 PCS——一家乙烯和其他石化产品的生产商——于 3 月 5 日宣布已向客户发出正式不可抗力通知。</p>
<p>全球聚乙烯的供应——石脑油的衍生物，广泛用于塑料包装、瓶子和管道——也受到干扰，中东国家是主要出口国。</p>
<p>彭博新能源财经分析师 Philip Geurts 指出，矛盾的是，像韩国或新加坡这样的主要聚乙烯生产商在其他市场需求强劲和价格上涨的情况下，&#34;可能会有优势&#34;。</p>
<p>但他在一次简报会上强调，&#34;如果你根本无法生产化学品，就很难从中受益，因为对中东的原料（石脑油）依赖极高。&#34;</p>
<p>这场危机发生在日本和韩国已经因中国的产能过剩而关闭老旧的石化设施之际，中国在基础设施方面具有更强的竞争力。</p>
<p>由于其炼油能力和获取俄罗斯石脑油的能力，中国目前相对不受影响。</p>
<p>根据韩国的报道，首尔也在考虑转向俄罗斯作为替代来源。</p>
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<p>正在进行的中东战争严重影响了日本和韩国的石化产业，由于石脑油短缺这一生产乙烯的关键成分，导致了显著的减产。霍尔木兹海峡的局势受到干扰，石脑油价格上涨了 60%。三菱化学和三井化学等主要公司已开始减少产量，而韩国政府计划限制石脑油出口以确保经济安全。预计这一危机将对依赖石化产品的各个行业产生广泛影响</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/jbmIBJK2B421iRz8b.hWLw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/88e9cfbd5c7ee1f94a747178fae34947" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/jbmIBJK2B421iRz8b.hWLw--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/88e9cfbd5c7ee1f94a747178fae34947"/></p>
<p>The Middle East war has virtually paralysed the Strait of Hormuz, a vital shipping lane for oil (Sahar AL ATTAR)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>中东战争几乎使霍尔木兹海峡瘫痪，这是一个重要的石油运输通道（Sahar AL ATTAR）</p>
</div><p>The Middle East war is forcing petrochemical giants in two key Asian economies to cut production as the conflict rattles supplies of a crucial oil-derived component used to make a range of plastic goods.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>中东战争迫使两个关键亚洲经济体的石化巨头削减生产，因为冲突扰乱了用于制造各种塑料产品的关键石油衍生成分的供应。</p>
</div><p>The scarcity of naphtha -- a liquid distilled from petroleum that is essential for making ethylene, a key ingredient in everything from plastic grocery bags to food packaging -- risks a knock-on effect across many industries.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>石脑油的稀缺——一种从石油中提炼的液体，对于制造乙烯至关重要，乙烯是从塑料购物袋到食品包装的关键成分——可能会对许多行业产生连锁反应。</p>
</div><p>The petrochemical sector in Japan and South Korea, an important part of both countries' economies, depends on the Middle East for their naphtha supplies -- with 74 percent of Japan's imports coming from the region.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>日本和韩国的石化行业是两国经济的重要组成部分，依赖中东的石脑油供应——日本 74% 的进口来自该地区。</p>
</div><p>But supplies are drying up, with a vital shipping lane for oil from the Middle East, the Strait of Hormuz, virtually paralysed.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但供应正在枯竭，来自中东的石油重要运输通道霍尔木兹海峡几乎瘫痪。</p>
</div><p>The price of naphtha shipped into Asia has soared 60 percent since the war began.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>自战争开始以来，运往亚洲的石脑油价格飙升了 60%。</p>
</div><p>&#34;We estimate that naphtha inventories currently stand at around 20 days&#34; in Japan, the world's fourth-biggest economy, analysts at Nomura warned last week.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我们估计日本的石脑油库存目前约为 20 天&#34;，日本第四大经济体的分析师在上周警告道。</p>
</div><p>&#34;And if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed for two to three weeks, this could have a major impact&#34; on naphtha production, they said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;如果霍尔木兹海峡关闭两到三周，这可能会对石脑油生产产生重大影响，&#34;他们说。</p>
</div><p>That impact is already creeping in.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这种影响已经开始显现。</p>
</div><p>Last week, Japanese giant Mitsubishi Chemical started cutting production capacity of its steam cracker, a facility that converts naphtha into ethylene and propylene, which it runs as a joint venture.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>上周，日本巨头三菱化学开始削减其蒸汽裂解装置的生产能力，该设施将石脑油转化为乙烯和丙烯，这是其作为合资企业运营的。</p>
</div><p>&#34;We concluded that a reduction in naphtha imports was inevitable. Our goal is to avoid a suspension of our operations,&#34; a company spokesperson told AFP.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我们得出结论，石脑油进口的减少是不可避免的。我们的目标是避免暂停运营，&#34;一位公司发言人告诉法新社。</p>
</div><p>– 'Economic security' –</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>– '经济安全' –</p>
</div><p>Mitsui Chemicals, another leading Japanese chemicals firm, started cutting ethylene output at two plants last week because of concerns over naphtha supply, a company spokesperson told AFP.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>另一家日本领先化工公司三井化学上周开始因对石脑油供应的担忧而削减两家工厂的乙烯产量，一位公司发言人告诉法新社。</p>
</div><p>Half of Japan's 12 ethylene plants have already reduced production, Bloomberg reported, just two weeks after US-Israeli strikes on Iran ignited the war.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>彭博社报道，日本 12 家乙烯工厂中已有一半减少了生产，这发生在美国和以色列对伊朗的打击引发战争仅两周后。</p>
</div><p>That slowdown increases the likelihood of knock-on effects across other industries.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这种放缓增加了对其他行业产生连锁反应的可能性。</p>
</div><p>Shin-Etsu Chemical will hike the selling price of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) -- which is used to make window frames, floor covering, pipes and cable insulation -- in the Japanese market from April 1.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>信越化学将从 4 月 1 日起提高聚氯乙烯（PVC）的销售价格——这种材料用于制造窗框、地板覆盖物、管道和电缆绝缘。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The price of ethylene -- a key raw material for PVC -- has surged, and we have been subjected to supply volume restrictions by our suppliers, compelling us to curtail our production output,&#34; the company said in a statement.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;乙烯的价格——PVC 的关键原材料——已经飙升，我们受到供应商的供应量限制，迫使我们减少生产，&#34;该公司在一份声明中表示。</p>
</div><p>The crisis has also hit South Korea, one of Asia's biggest economies.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这场危机也影响到了韩国，韩国是亚洲最大的经济体之一。</p>
</div><p>&#34;We informed our customers last week that we might declare force majeure on one of our products, dioctyl terephthalate&#34; -- which is used in everything from cosmetics to clothes, a representative of LG Chem told AFP.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我们上周通知客户，我们可能会对一种产品，二辛酸对苯二甲酸酯，宣布不可抗力，&#34;LG 化学的一位代表告诉法新社，这种产品用于从化妆品到衣物的各种用途。</p>
</div><p>In a sign of how critical the situation has become, the South Korean government said Tuesday that it would restrict naphtha exports.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>南韩政府周二表示，将限制石脑油出口，显示出局势的紧迫性。</p>
</div><p>&#34;We will designate naphtha as an item related to economic security by the end of the week,&#34; Finance Minister Koo Yun-cheol said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我们将在本周末之前将石脑油指定为与经济安全相关的项目，&#34;财政部长具允哲表示。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The government will work to resolve the difficulties through export restrictions and other necessary measures.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;政府将通过出口限制和其他必要措施来解决困难。&#34;</p>
</div><p>– 'High dependence' –</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>– '高度依赖' –</p>
</div><p>The shockwave is spreading across Asia, with Singapore's PCS -- a producer of ethylene and other petrochemicals -- announcing on March 5 that it had issued a formal force majeure notice to its customers.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>冲击波正在蔓延至整个亚洲，新加坡的 PCS——一家乙烯和其他石化产品的生产商——于 3 月 5 日宣布已向客户发出正式不可抗力通知。</p>
</div><p>The global supply of polyethylene -- a derivative of naphtha that is ubiquitous, particularly in plastic packaging, bottles and pipes -- is also disrupted, with countries in the Middle East major exporters.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>全球聚乙烯的供应——石脑油的衍生物，广泛用于塑料包装、瓶子和管道——也受到干扰，中东国家是主要出口国。</p>
</div><p>The paradox, noted BloombergNEF analyst Philip Geurts, is that major polyethylene producers like South Korea or Singapore &#34;could have an advantage&#34; given strong demand in other markets and rising prices.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>彭博新能源财经分析师 Philip Geurts 指出，矛盾的是，像韩国或新加坡这样的主要聚乙烯生产商在其他市场需求强劲和价格上涨的情况下，&#34;可能会有优势&#34;。</p>
</div><p>But &#34;it's very hard to benefit from that if you can't produce the chemicals in the first place,&#34; he stressed at a briefing, because &#34;the feedstock (naphtha) dependence on the Middle East is just extraordinarily high&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但他在一次简报会上强调，&#34;如果你根本无法生产化学品，就很难从中受益，因为对中东的原料（石脑油）依赖极高。&#34;</p>
</div><p>The crisis comes as Japan and South Korea were already closing aging petrochemical facilities because of chronic overcapacity in China, a country with far more competitive infrastructure.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这场危机发生在日本和韩国已经因中国的产能过剩而关闭老旧的石化设施之际，中国在基础设施方面具有更强的竞争力。</p>
</div><p>China is relatively spared for now, thanks to its refining capacity and its ability to source Russian naphtha.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>由于其炼油能力和获取俄罗斯石脑油的能力，中国目前相对不受影响。</p>
</div><p>According to South Korean reports, Seoul is also considering turning to Russia as an alternative source.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据韩国的报道，首尔也在考虑转向俄罗斯作为替代来源。</p>
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日本和韩国的石化行业因伊朗战争而减缓产量