<p>河内——根据越南工商会（VCCI）进行的一项调查，家庭企业被视为经济的重要支柱，目前面临诸多挑战，因此需要更多支持政策以有效运营。</p>
<p>4 月 23 日发布的一项调查显示，尽管家庭企业数量众多，但它们的利润空间很薄，采取了相对防御的态度。</p>
<p>到 2025 年底，越南大约有 610 万个活跃的家庭企业。它们雇佣了约 1000 万名工人，并为国家预算贡献了 328.4 万亿越南盾。</p>
<p>这项在 2026 年 2 月至 4 月间对 34 个省市的 1000 多家家庭企业进行的调查，描绘出一个远非乐观的局面。</p>
<p>VCCI 法律部副秘书长兼负责人Đậu Anh Tuấn 指出，73.7% 的家庭企业报告称在 2025 年仅获得了适度的利润。超过 81% 的企业经历了收入下降，而 75% 的企业客户数量减少。只有 1.9% 的企业达到了预期的利润水平。</p>
<p>这表明大多数企业的运营利润空间很薄——足以维持运营，但不足以积累资本或抵御未来冲击，Tuấn 说。</p>
<p>根据调查，60.8% 的受访者计划在未来两年内维持现有规模，33% 打算缩减规模。4.4% 考虑关闭，只有 1.8% 计划扩张。</p>
<p>研究团队警告称，如果没有适当的政策调整，该行业面临陷入停滞循环的风险——无法增长、正规化或建立足够的资源以增强竞争力。</p>
<p>值得注意的是，法律挑战已成为比输入成本或市场条件更紧迫的关注点。调查显示，73.3% 的家庭企业认为法律困难对其影响重大或严重，而输入相关挑战为 59.3%，市场问题为 43.8%。</p>
<p>Tuấn 强调了一个关键发现，即合规负担并不会随着企业的增长而减轻。相反，在许多领域，合规负担随着收入规模的增加而增加，可能导致一种制度环境无意中使家庭企业不愿扩张。</p>
<p>调查显示，合规时间和成本随着收入的增加而上升，从收入低于 500 百万越南盾的企业的 61.5% 到收入超过 30 亿越南盾的企业的 87.3%。</p>
<p>报告还指出，只有 15.6% 的家庭企业计划在两年内正规化，而 84.4% 则没有。</p>
<p>VCCI 表示，政策意识发挥着关键作用，33% 的信息充分的家庭企业打算转型，而信息不足的家庭企业中只有 13%。</p>
<p>此外，融入供应链的企业、拥有较大员工队伍的企业以及需要正式合同交易的企业被视为关键的 “转型核心”。</p>
<p>因此，VCCI 建议，鼓励正规化的政策不应统一适用，而应有针对性——重点关注增长潜力最大的群体。</p>
<p><strong>改革优先事项</strong></p>
<p>VCCI 建议对家庭企业采取更务实和分层的政策方法。首要任务是简化法规的复杂性，确保其适合微型运营商、年长企业主和教育背景有限的人群。</p>
<p>同时，需要开发低成本、用户友好的合规工具，如简单的会计软件、清晰易懂的税务指导以及地方层面的直接支持机制。</p>
<p>VCCI 还建议政策应明确识别优先群体。例如，小规模家庭企业应获得增强稳定性和韧性的支持，而较大的企业应优先考虑转型为企业。</p>
<p>在向企业转型的过程中，重点应是通过初始激励、简化程序和分阶段的监管义务来降低转型的实际成本。</p>
<p>资深经济学家、VCCI 前副主席 Phạm Chi Lan 强调，良好的商业环境不仅仅是障碍更少，而是法规的制定方向应易于理解、易于实施和可预测。</p>
<p>专家表示，促进合规不仅会减轻家庭企业的压力，还将有助于保持其固有的活力和灵活性，从而更有效地促进可持续经济增长。——越南新闻社</p>

<p>根据越南工商会（VCCI）的调查，家庭企业对经济至关重要，但面临重大挑战，需要更多支持政策。目前约有 610 万个活跃的家庭企业，雇佣了 1000 万工人，许多企业报告利润微薄且收入下降。法律挑战是一个主要问题，影响了企业的增长和正规化。VCCI 建议制定针对性的政策，以简化法规，开发用户友好的合规工具，并根据企业的规模和增长潜力提供支持。专家强调，需要一个有利的商业环境来增强可持续性和经济增长</p>

<p>HÀ NỘI — Household businesses, seen as a vital pillar of the economy, are currently facing numerous challenges meaning they require more supportive policies to operate effectively, according to a survey conducted by the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI).</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>河内——根据越南工商会（VCCI）进行的一项调查，家庭企业被视为经济的重要支柱，目前面临诸多挑战，因此需要更多支持政策以有效运营。</p>
</div><p>A survey, released on April 23, showed that while household businesses remain numerous, they are operating on thin profit margins and adopting a largely defensive stance.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>4 月 23 日发布的一项调查显示，尽管家庭企业数量众多，但它们的利润空间很薄，采取了相对防御的态度。</p>
</div><p>Việt Nam had approximately 6.1 million active household businesses by the end of 2025. They employ around ten million workers and contributed VNĐ32.84 trillion to the State budget.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>到 2025 年底，越南大约有 610 万个活跃的家庭企业。它们雇佣了约 1000 万名工人，并为国家预算贡献了 328.4 万亿越南盾。</p>
</div><p>The survey, conducted between February and April 2026 with more than 1,000 household businesses across 34 provinces and cities, paints a far from optimistic picture.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这项在 2026 年 2 月至 4 月间对 34 个省市的 1000 多家家庭企业进行的调查，描绘出一个远非乐观的局面。</p>
</div><p>Đậu Anh Tuấn, vice secretary general and head of the Legal Department at VCCI, noted that 73.7 per cent of household businesses reported making only modest profits in 2025. More than 81 per cent experienced declining revenues, while 75 per cent saw a drop in customer numbers. Only 1.9 per cent achieved their expected profit levels.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>VCCI 法律部副秘书长兼负责人Đậu Anh Tuấn 指出，73.7% 的家庭企业报告称在 2025 年仅获得了适度的利润。超过 81% 的企业经历了收入下降，而 75% 的企业客户数量减少。只有 1.9% 的企业达到了预期的利润水平。</p>
</div><p>This indicates that most businesses are operating on thin margins – sufficient to sustain operations, but insufficient to accumulate capital or withstand future shocks, Tuấn said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这表明大多数企业的运营利润空间很薄——足以维持运营，但不足以积累资本或抵御未来冲击，Tuấn 说。</p>
</div><p>According to the survey, 60.8 per cent of respondents plan to maintain their current scale over the next two years and 33 per cent intend to downsize. While 4.4 per cent are considering closure and only 1.8 per cent aim to expand.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据调查，60.8% 的受访者计划在未来两年内维持现有规模，33% 打算缩减规模。4.4% 考虑关闭，只有 1.8% 计划扩张。</p>
</div><p>The research team warns that without appropriate policy adjustments, the sector risks falling into a cycle of stagnation – unable to grow, formalise, or build sufficient resources to enhance competitiveness.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>研究团队警告称，如果没有适当的政策调整，该行业面临陷入停滞循环的风险——无法增长、正规化或建立足够的资源以增强竞争力。</p>
</div><p>Notably, legal challenges have emerged as a more pressing concern than input costs or market conditions. The survey shows that 73.3 per cent of household businesses consider legal difficulties to have a major or severe impact, compared with 59.3 per cent for input-related challenges and 43.8 per cent for market issues.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>值得注意的是，法律挑战已成为比输入成本或市场条件更紧迫的关注点。调查显示，73.3% 的家庭企业认为法律困难对其影响重大或严重，而输入相关挑战为 59.3%，市场问题为 43.8%。</p>
</div><p>Tuấn highlighted a key finding that the burden of regulatory compliance does not diminish as businesses grow. On the contrary, in many areas it increases with revenue size, potentially creating an institutional environment that inadvertently keeps household businesses reluctant to expand.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Tuấn 强调了一个关键发现，即合规负担并不会随着企业的增长而减轻。相反，在许多领域，合规负担随着收入规模的增加而增加，可能导致一种制度环境无意中使家庭企业不愿扩张。</p>
</div><p>The survey shows compliance time and costs rise with revenue, from 61.5 per cent for firms earning under VNĐ500 million to 87.3 per cent for those above VNĐ3 billion.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>调查显示，合规时间和成本随着收入的增加而上升，从收入低于 500 百万越南盾的企业的 61.5% 到收入超过 30 亿越南盾的企业的 87.3%。</p>
</div><p>The report also notes that only 15.6 per cent of household businesses plan to formalise within two years, while 84.4 per cent do not.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>报告还指出，只有 15.6% 的家庭企业计划在两年内正规化，而 84.4% 则没有。</p>
</div><p>VCCI said policy awareness plays a key role, with 33 per cent of well-informed households intending to convert, compared with 13 per cent among those less informed.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>VCCI 表示，政策意识发挥着关键作用，33% 的信息充分的家庭企业打算转型，而信息不足的家庭企业中只有 13%。</p>
</div><p>Additionally, businesses integrated into supply chains, those with larger workforces, and those requiring formal contractual transactions are identified as key 'conversion nuclei'.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>此外，融入供应链的企业、拥有较大员工队伍的企业以及需要正式合同交易的企业被视为关键的 “转型核心”。</p>
</div><p>VCCI therefore recommends that policies encouraging formalisation should not be applied uniformly, but rather be targeted – focusing on groups with the greatest growth potential.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>因此，VCCI 建议，鼓励正规化的政策不应统一适用，而应有针对性——重点关注增长潜力最大的群体。</p>
</div><p><strong>Reform priorities</strong></p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p><strong>改革优先事项</strong></p>
</div><p>VCCI recommends a more practical and segmented policy approach for household businesses. The foremost priority is to reduce the complexity of regulations, ensuring they are appropriate for micro-scale operators, older business owners, and those with limited educational backgrounds.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>VCCI 建议对家庭企业采取更务实和分层的政策方法。首要任务是简化法规的复杂性，确保其适合微型运营商、年长企业主和教育背景有限的人群。</p>
</div><p>At the same time, there is a need to develop low-cost, user-friendly compliance tools, such as simple accounting software, clear and accessible tax guidance, and direct support mechanisms at the local level.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>同时，需要开发低成本、用户友好的合规工具，如简单的会计软件、清晰易懂的税务指导以及地方层面的直接支持机制。</p>
</div><p>VCCI also proposes that policies clearly identify priority groups. For exemple, small scale household businesses should receive supports in enhancing stability and resilience. While, larger ones should be prioritised for transition into enterprises.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>VCCI 还建议政策应明确识别优先群体。例如，小规模家庭企业应获得增强稳定性和韧性的支持，而较大的企业应优先考虑转型为企业。</p>
</div><p>At the pathway to the enterprises, the focus should be to reduce the real costs of conversion through initial incentives, simplified procedures, and a phased approach to regulatory obligations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在向企业转型的过程中，重点应是通过初始激励、简化程序和分阶段的监管义务来降低转型的实际成本。</p>
</div><p>Phạm Chi Lan, a senior economist and former vice chairwoman of VCCI, emphasised that a favourable business environment is not merely one with fewer barriers, but one in which regulations are built in directions of ease of understanding, ease of implementation and predictability.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>资深经济学家、VCCI 前副主席 Phạm Chi Lan 强调，良好的商业环境不仅仅是障碍更少，而是法规的制定方向应易于理解、易于实施和可预测。</p>
</div><p>Experts stated that facilitating compliance will not only reduce pressure on household businesses, but also help preserve their inherent dynamism and flexibility – thereby contributing more effectively to sustainable economic growth. — VNS</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>专家表示，促进合规不仅会减轻家庭企业的压力，还将有助于保持其固有的活力和灵活性，从而更有效地促进可持续经济增长。——越南新闻社</p>
</div>

家庭企业需要更多的扶持政策