<p>在全球第二大经济体中，替代柴油卡车的采用在近年来明显加速（王赵）</p>
<p>在距离北京一个小时的一个尘土飞扬的场地，车辆源源不断地进出，进行快速充电——这只是中国快速扩展的电动卡车网络中的一个节点。</p>
<p>虽然该国在电动乘用车方面的实力早已为全球所知，但电动卡车最近才开始获得关注。</p>
<p>专家表示，凭借广泛的充电和换电基础设施，电动模型的成本结构明显更具优势，这对传统柴油卡车来说可能是致命一击。</p>
<p>&#34;去年是中国重型电动汽车的突破年，&#34; 清洁空气与能源研究中心的联合创始人、能源消费专家拉乌里·米尔利维尔塔告诉法新社。</p>
<p>&#34;如果基础设施到位，经济效益就会适用于越来越多的物流路线和需求，&#34; 他说。</p>
<p>在全球第二大经济体中，替代柴油卡车的采用在近年来明显加速。</p>
<p>根据总部位于北京的市场情报提供商商业车辆世界的数据，去年新能源车型占中国所有国内卡车销售的 29%，而 2024 年为 14%。</p>
<p>根据该公司的数据，2021 年这一渗透率还不到 1%。</p>
<p>制造商表示，他们预计这一比例将继续上升，可能在短短几年内达到销售的多数。</p>
<p>在北京密云区繁忙的充电站，43 岁的卡车司机王告诉法新社，自从去年开始驾驶电动模型以来，他的工作发生了怎样的变化。</p>
<p>&#34;这太轻松了！&#34; 他在插上充电线后说道。</p>
<p>&#34;我以前的车辆有超过 10 个档位，操作非常繁琐。但这个就不需要做任何事情——全是自动的。&#34;</p>
<p>- '一切都与速度有关' -</p>
<p>当被问及他认为像他这样的物流公司为何越来越多地转向电动卡车时，王表示这是国家政策和简单市场逻辑的结合。</p>
<p>&#34;这就是适者生存。现在，考虑到运费和其他费用，人们都在努力多赚一点，而这个的运营成本更低。&#34;</p>
<p>在充电站的另一位司机，姓张，他告诉法新社，他在转向电动卡车后已经驾驶了大约两个月。</p>
<p>张告诉法新社，他的工作主要是在北京周边短途运输沙石，并指出这款卡车不适合长途运输。</p>
<p>张驾驶的新款天蓝色卡车——由国有企业中国重汽的 HOWO 品牌制造——最大续航里程为 240-250 公里（149-155 英里），他说。</p>
<p>&#34;动力相当强，加速很快。一切都与速度有关，但续航有点不足，&#34; 他说。</p>
<p>随着国内电动卡车的采用加速，中国企业开始更多地考虑海外市场。</p>
<p>&#34;与乘用车类似，中国的重型卡车制造商开始将出口市场视为一种不可避免的战略，因为竞争加剧和中国市场的最终饱和，&#34; 能源经济与金融分析研究所的分析师克里斯托弗·多尔曼说。</p>
<p>- '电动更优越' -</p>
<p>由于中东战争导致的全球能源市场近期动荡，可能成为这一趋势的&#34;潜在加速器&#34;，多尔曼告诉法新社。</p>
<p>&#34;由于车队所有者试图减少对波动柴油成本的脆弱性，电动重型车辆的需求可能会增加，&#34; 他说。</p>
<p>根据电动卡车初创公司 Windrose Technology 的创始人韩文的说法，这场战争&#34;已经&#34;提升了需求。</p>
<p>成立于 2022 年的比利时 Windrose 希望利用中国先进的电动车供应链，在新兴的全球长途电动卡车市场中占据一席之地——与特斯拉的电动&#34;Semi&#34;竞争。</p>
<p>&#34;对于卡车来说，续航无疑是最制约的因素，&#34; 韩告诉法新社，并指出 Windrose 的卡车目前在充满电的情况下可以行驶约 700 公里，计划在 2030 年将续航延长至 1000 公里。</p>
<p>Windrose 已在欧洲、中国、美国和南美获得道路批准，现在正寻求扩大生产。</p>
<p>&#34;我们今年将生产大约 1000 辆卡车，&#34; 韩说，接下来目标是明年生产 10000 辆，2030 年生产 100000 辆。</p>
<p>&#34;从经济角度来看，电动卡车无疑是更优越的，&#34; 他补充道。</p>
<p>&#34;我认为我们正处于柴油卡车作为一个产品类别的彻底消亡的边缘。&#34;</p>
<p>pfc/dhw/dan</p>

吉利汽车(ADR)

比亚迪

比亚迪股份

GELHY

国泰中证内地运输主题ETF

华夏中证新能源汽车ETF

华宝智能电动汽车ETF

华夏中证全指运输ETF

平安中证新能源汽车产业ETF

<p>中国的物流行业正在迅速采用电动卡车，这得益于广泛的充电基础设施和有利的成本结构。去年，新能源卡车在国内销售中占比达到 29%，而 2024 年为 14%。司机们报告称，电动车型的运营成本更低，使用更方便。随着竞争加剧，中国制造商开始关注出口市场，全球能源市场的动荡导致对电动重型车辆的需求增加。像 Windrose Technology 这样的初创公司正在利用中国的电动车供应链在全球竞争，计划在未来几年实现显著的生产增长</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/mIaGvcpQPH.PbZ_gBkqJOg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjU-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/dc2ae35ab04c1a2a0b7ed42586752355" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/mIaGvcpQPH.PbZ_gBkqJOg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjU-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/dc2ae35ab04c1a2a0b7ed42586752355"/></p>
<p>Adoption of alternatives to diesel trucks in the world's second-largest economy has noticeably accelerated in recent years (WANG Zhao)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在全球第二大经济体中，替代柴油卡车的采用在近年来明显加速（王赵）</p>
</div><p>At a dusty lot an hour outside Beijing, a steady stream of vehicles come and go for a quick battery charge -- just one node in China's rapidly expanding network of electric trucks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在距离北京一个小时的一个尘土飞扬的场地，车辆源源不断地进出，进行快速充电——这只是中国快速扩展的电动卡车网络中的一个节点。</p>
</div><p>While the country's prowess in electric passenger vehicles has long been known globally, electric trucks have only recently gained traction.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>虽然该国在电动乘用车方面的实力早已为全球所知，但电动卡车最近才开始获得关注。</p>
</div><p>Now powered by extensive charging and battery-swapping infrastructure, the cost structures clearly favour electric models, experts say, in a potentially fatal blow for conventional diesel rigs.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>专家表示，凭借广泛的充电和换电基础设施，电动模型的成本结构明显更具优势，这对传统柴油卡车来说可能是致命一击。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Last year was the breakthrough for heavy electrified vehicles in China,&#34; Lauri Myllyvirta, co-founder of the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air and expert on China's energy consumption, told AFP.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;去年是中国重型电动汽车的突破年，&#34; 清洁空气与能源研究中心的联合创始人、能源消费专家拉乌里·米尔利维尔塔告诉法新社。</p>
</div><p>&#34;If the infrastructure is there, the economics are there for an increasing number of logistics routes and requirements,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;如果基础设施到位，经济效益就会适用于越来越多的物流路线和需求，&#34; 他说。</p>
</div><p>Adoption of alternatives to diesel trucks in the world's second-largest economy has noticeably accelerated in recent years.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在全球第二大经济体中，替代柴油卡车的采用在近年来明显加速。</p>
</div><p>New-energy models accounted for 29 percent of all domestic truck sales in China last year, up from 14 percent in 2024, according to data from Beijing-based market intelligence provider Commercial Vehicle World.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据总部位于北京的市场情报提供商商业车辆世界的数据，去年新能源车型占中国所有国内卡车销售的 29%，而 2024 年为 14%。</p>
</div><p>The penetration rate was less than one percent as recently as 2021, according to the firm.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据该公司的数据，2021 年这一渗透率还不到 1%。</p>
</div><p>Manufacturers say they expect that share to continue swelling, potentially reaching a majority of sales in just a few years.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>制造商表示，他们预计这一比例将继续上升，可能在短短几年内达到销售的多数。</p>
</div><p>At the bustling charging station in Beijing's Miyun District, 43-year-old truck driver Wang told AFP how his job had changed since he started driving an electric model last year.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在北京密云区繁忙的充电站，43 岁的卡车司机王告诉法新社，自从去年开始驾驶电动模型以来，他的工作发生了怎样的变化。</p>
</div><p>&#34;It's such a breeze!&#34; he said after plugging in the charging cables.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;这太轻松了！&#34; 他在插上充电线后说道。</p>
</div><p>&#34;My old vehicle had over 10 gears, and its operation was so cumbersome. But with this one, you don't have to do a thing -- it's all automatic.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我以前的车辆有超过 10 个档位，操作非常繁琐。但这个就不需要做任何事情——全是自动的。&#34;</p>
</div><p>- 'All about speed' -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- '一切都与速度有关' -</p>
</div><p>Asked why he thought logistics firms like his were increasingly switching to electric trucks, Wang said it was a combination of national policies and simple market logic.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当被问及他认为像他这样的物流公司为何越来越多地转向电动卡车时，王表示这是国家政策和简单市场逻辑的结合。</p>
</div><p>&#34;It's just survival of the fittest. Now, with freight expenses and everything, people are trying to earn a bit more, and this one has lower operating costs.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;这就是适者生存。现在，考虑到运费和其他费用，人们都在努力多赚一点，而这个的运营成本更低。&#34;</p>
</div><p>Another driver at the charging station, surnamed Zhang, told AFP that he has been driving an electric truck for around two months after switching from one powered by natural gas.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在充电站的另一位司机，姓张，他告诉法新社，他在转向电动卡车后已经驾驶了大约两个月。</p>
</div><p>His job mainly involves hauling sand and stone on short journeys around Beijing, Zhang told AFP, noting that the truck is not suited for longer shipments.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>张告诉法新社，他的工作主要是在北京周边短途运输沙石，并指出这款卡车不适合长途运输。</p>
</div><p>The new sky-blue model Zhang drives -- made by the Howo brand of state-owned firm Sinotruk -- has a maximum range of 240-250 kilometres (149–155 miles), he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>张驾驶的新款天蓝色卡车——由国有企业中国重汽的 HOWO 品牌制造——最大续航里程为 240-250 公里（149-155 英里），他说。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The power is pretty strong, the acceleration is fast. It's all about speed, but the range is a bit lacking,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;动力相当强，加速很快。一切都与速度有关，但续航有点不足，&#34; 他说。</p>
</div><p>As domestic adoption of electric trucks picks up pace, Chinese firms are thinking more about overseas markets.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>随着国内电动卡车的采用加速，中国企业开始更多地考虑海外市场。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Similar to passenger vehicles, China's heavy truck manufacturers are beginning to view export markets as an inevitable strategy due to rising competition and the eventual saturation in the Chinese market,&#34; said Christopher Doleman, an analyst at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;与乘用车类似，中国的重型卡车制造商开始将出口市场视为一种不可避免的战略，因为竞争加剧和中国市场的最终饱和，&#34; 能源经济与金融分析研究所的分析师克里斯托弗·多尔曼说。</p>
</div><p>- 'Electric is superior' -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- '电动更优越' -</p>
</div><p>Recent disruption in global energy markets as a result of the Middle East war is a &#34;potential accelerant&#34; for this trend, Doleman told AFP.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>由于中东战争导致的全球能源市场近期动荡，可能成为这一趋势的&#34;潜在加速器&#34;，多尔曼告诉法新社。</p>
</div><p>&#34;There is likely to be higher demand for electric heavy-duty vehicles as fleet owners try to minimise their vulnerability to volatile diesel costs,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;由于车队所有者试图减少对波动柴油成本的脆弱性，电动重型车辆的需求可能会增加，&#34; 他说。</p>
</div><p>According to Han Wen, founder of electric truck start-up Windrose Technology, the war &#34;already has&#34; boosted demand.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>根据电动卡车初创公司 Windrose Technology 的创始人韩文的说法，这场战争&#34;已经&#34;提升了需求。</p>
</div><p>Founded in 2022, Belgium-based Windrose is seeking to leverage China's advanced EV supply chains to position itself in the emerging global long-haul electric truck market -- competing with Tesla's electric &#34;Semi&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>成立于 2022 年的比利时 Windrose 希望利用中国先进的电动车供应链，在新兴的全球长途电动卡车市场中占据一席之地——与特斯拉的电动&#34;Semi&#34;竞争。</p>
</div><p>&#34;For trucks, range is by far the constraining factor,&#34; Han told AFP, noting that Windrose trucks can currently drive about 700 kilometres on a full charge, with plans to extend that to 1,000 kilometres in 2030.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;对于卡车来说，续航无疑是最制约的因素，&#34; 韩告诉法新社，并指出 Windrose 的卡车目前在充满电的情况下可以行驶约 700 公里，计划在 2030 年将续航延长至 1000 公里。</p>
</div><p>Having secured road approval across Europe, China, the United States and South America, Windrose is now looking to ramp up production.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Windrose 已在欧洲、中国、美国和南美获得道路批准，现在正寻求扩大生产。</p>
</div><p>&#34;We're going to build about 1,000 trucks this year,&#34; Han said, followed by goals of 10,000 next year and 100,000 in 2030.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我们今年将生产大约 1000 辆卡车，&#34; 韩说，接下来目标是明年生产 10000 辆，2030 年生产 100000 辆。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Economically, there is no more question at all that electric is superior,&#34; he added.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;从经济角度来看，电动卡车无疑是更优越的，&#34; 他补充道。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I think we're right on the cusp of a total obliteration of diesel trucks as a product category.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>&#34;我认为我们正处于柴油卡车作为一个产品类别的彻底消亡的边缘。&#34;</p>
</div><p>pfc/dhw/dan</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>pfc/dhw/dan</p>
</div>

Cheaper, cleaner electric trucks overhaul China's logistics

- 中国电动卡车的采用在近年显著加速，去年占卡车销售的 29%。
- 专家指出，充电基础设施和经济性是转向电动卡车的主要推动因素。
- 由于全球能源市场动荡，电动重型车辆的需求预计将进一步增加。

更便宜、更环保的电动卡车正在革新中国的物流行业