<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/kHCyV43vMA9pt0j4vQnCrQ--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/1e447dbcf44ce0e1456f184c16b47065?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/kHCyV43vMA9pt0j4vQnCrQ--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/1e447dbcf44ce0e1456f184c16b47065"/></p>
<p>包括壳牌在内的能源巨头在今年前三个月中实现了强劲的利润，因为由于中东战争，全球油价飙升（Ben STANSALL）</p>
<p>在中东战争导致价格飙升的情况下，欧洲的石油和天然气公司在第一季度报告了巨额利润，伦敦和巴黎的新呼声要求对其超额收益征税。</p>
<p>壳牌在周四结束了主要能源生产商的财报季，宣布净利润接近 57 亿美元（约 48 亿欧元），比 2025 年第一季度增长了 19%。</p>
<p>该集团解释称，它受益于更高的价格和 “提高的炼油利润”，以及 “来自交易活动的更高贡献”。</p>
<p>英国竞争对手 BP 的情况类似，上个月底报告了利润大幅上升，达到了 38.4 亿美元，而 TotalEnergies 的利润则飙升 51% 至 58 亿美元。</p>
<p>相比之下，美国能源公司埃克森美孚和雪佛龙的利润下降，结果受到衍生品市场中销售与交付之间不利时间差的影响。</p>
<p>美以战争促使德黑兰封锁霍尔木兹海峡这一关键能源通道，导致市场上的石油供应急剧下降，价格飙升。</p>
<p>布伦特原油每桶在 3 月份的平均价格约为 100 美元，最高达到 120 美元，而在 2 月底冲突开始之前为 70 美元。</p>
<p>这显著帮助了欧洲三巨头 BP、壳牌和 TotalEnergies，它们拥有强大的交易业务——与其美国同行埃克森美孚和雪佛龙相比，后者更依赖于生产活动。</p>
<p>本季度的一个重大区别是，“BP、壳牌和 Total 受益于更高的价格和动荡本身，” SPI 资产管理公司的分析师 Stephen Innes 对法新社表示。</p>
<p>他补充说，“本季度欧洲大型企业看起来不像传统的石油公司，更像是在全球能源系统中运作的复杂波动交易者。”</p>
<p>- 新项目 -</p>
<p>从伦敦到巴黎，强劲的业绩引发了对石油公司暴利征税的呼声，正如 2022 年乌克兰战争后发生的情况。</p>
<p>“再次，化石燃料巨头们正在获取巨额利润，” 非政府组织地球之友的 Danny Gross 在一份声明中感叹，并呼吁对利润征收更高的税。</p>
<p>在英国，北海的石油公司仍然受到能源利润税的约束，这是一项针对 2022 年引入的石油和天然气上游生产利润的临时税，已多次延长和增加。</p>
<p>该税目前设定为利润的 38%，直到 2030 年，并且是在该行业已经实施的 40% 税收基础上。此外，它仅适用于来自英国石油和天然气生产的利润。</p>
<p>壳牌和 BP 的利润激增引发了对增加这些税收的更多呼声，能源部长 Ed Miliband 特别谴责了他所称的 “过高利润”。</p>
<p>与此同时，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙呼吁在面对能源公司过高的暴利或 “投机行为” 时采取欧洲应对措施。</p>
<p>法新社咨询的分析师表示，预计公司在第二季度将再次报告强劲的利润。</p>
<p>“即使紧张局势缓解，市场也不会在一夜之间恢复正常，” Innes 观察到。</p>
<p>“我不确定这个冲突会那么容易解决，” 牛津大学能源系统高级讲师 Adi Imsirovic 表示。这将使价格保持在较高水平更长时间。</p>
<p>这种情况可能会刺激新的石油和天然气项目，正如 TotalEnergies 所设想的，涉及能够快速生产的小规模油田。</p>
<p>Innes 认为，公司将更倾向于相信低成本项目，而不是 “盲目” 冲进大规模扩张。</p>
<p>“赢家可能是那些低成本、灵活且地缘政治安全的项目，而不是为了扩张而扩张的大规模项目，” 他补充道。</p>
<p>近年来，BP 和壳牌已缩减了多个气候目标，以继续进行石油和天然气生产。</p>
<p>最近，TotalEnergies 宣布无法再承诺其 2050 年碳中和目标，强调世界尚未准备好摆脱石油。</p>
<p>然而，这场冲突使可再生能源在能源安全中的角色再次受到关注。</p>
<p>“这一点在全球各国的首都并没有被忽视，” Imsirovic 表示。</p>
<p>ode-nal/abb/cw/rl/ceg</p>

RDSB

英国石油

SHEL

SHEL.WI

<p>欧洲的石油和天然气公司，包括壳牌和英国石油，在第一季度报告了显著的利润，这主要是由于中东冲突推动的油价飙升。这重新点燃了从伦敦到巴黎对暴利税的呼声，类似于乌克兰战争后实施的税收。英国对北海利润征收 38% 的能源利润税，而法国总统马克龙则倡导对过高利润采取欧洲层面的回应。分析师预测第二季度将继续保持强劲的利润，重点关注在持续的地缘政治紧张局势下的低成本、灵活的能源项目</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/kHCyV43vMA9pt0j4vQnCrQ--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/1e447dbcf44ce0e1456f184c16b47065" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/kHCyV43vMA9pt0j4vQnCrQ--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04Mjg-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/1e447dbcf44ce0e1456f184c16b47065"/></p>
<p>Energy giants, including Shell, have posted strong profits in the first three months of the year as global oil prices soar due to the war in the Middle East (Ben STANSALL)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>包括壳牌在内的能源巨头在今年前三个月中实现了强劲的利润，因为由于中东战争，全球油价飙升（Ben STANSALL）</p>
</div><p>European oil and gas companies who posted huge profits in the first quarter on soaring prices caused by the war in the Middle East face new calls from London to Paris to tax their outsized gains.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在中东战争导致价格飙升的情况下，欧洲的石油和天然气公司在第一季度报告了巨额利润，伦敦和巴黎的新呼声要求对其超额收益征税。</p>
</div><p>Shell rounded out the major energy producers' earnings season on Thursday by announcing net profit of nearly $5.7 billion (around 4.8 billion euro), up 19 percent on the first quarter of 2025.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>壳牌在周四结束了主要能源生产商的财报季，宣布净利润接近 57 亿美元（约 48 亿欧元），比 2025 年第一季度增长了 19%。</p>
</div><p>The group explained it had benefited from higher prices and &#34;increased refining margins,&#34; as well as &#34;a higher contribution from trading activities&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该集团解释称，它受益于更高的价格和 “提高的炼油利润”，以及 “来自交易活动的更高贡献”。</p>
</div><p>It was a similar story for British rival BP, which reported a sharp rise in profits at the end of last month, posting $3.84 billion while TotalEnergies saw their profits soar 51 percent to $5.8 billion.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>英国竞争对手 BP 的情况类似，上个月底报告了利润大幅上升，达到了 38.4 亿美元，而 TotalEnergies 的利润则飙升 51% 至 58 亿美元。</p>
</div><p>In contrast, US energy companies ExxonMobil and Chevron saw their profits decline, results affected by an unfavourable time lag between the sale and delivery of products within the derivatives markets.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>相比之下，美国能源公司埃克森美孚和雪佛龙的利润下降，结果受到衍生品市场中销售与交付之间不利时间差的影响。</p>
</div><p>The US-Israeli war on Iran prompted Tehran to blockade the key energy chokepoint of the Strait of Hormuz, causing a sharp drop in oil supplies on the market and a surge in prices.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>美以战争促使德黑兰封锁霍尔木兹海峡这一关键能源通道，导致市场上的石油供应急剧下降，价格飙升。</p>
</div><p>A barrel of Brent crude, the global benchmark, averaged around $100 in March, with peaks of $120, compared with $70 before hostilities began in late February.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>布伦特原油每桶在 3 月份的平均价格约为 100 美元，最高达到 120 美元，而在 2 月底冲突开始之前为 70 美元。</p>
</div><p>That notably helped European trio BP, Shell and TotalEnergies, which have strong trading operations -– unlike their US counterparts and rivals ExxonMobil and Chevron, which are more reliant on production activities.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这显著帮助了欧洲三巨头 BP、壳牌和 TotalEnergies，它们拥有强大的交易业务——与其美国同行埃克森美孚和雪佛龙相比，后者更依赖于生产活动。</p>
</div><p>The big difference this quarter is that &#34;BP, Shell and Total benefited from both the higher prices and the turbulence itself,&#34; Stephen Innes, analyst with SPI Asset Management, told AFP.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>本季度的一个重大区别是，“BP、壳牌和 Total 受益于更高的价格和动荡本身，” SPI 资产管理公司的分析师 Stephen Innes 对法新社表示。</p>
</div><p>He added that &#34;the European majors looked less like traditional oil companies this quarter and more like sophisticated volatility traders operating inside the global energy system.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>他补充说，“本季度欧洲大型企业看起来不像传统的石油公司，更像是在全球能源系统中运作的复杂波动交易者。”</p>
</div><p>- New projects -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- 新项目 -</p>
</div><p>From London to Paris the strong results have sparked calls to tax oil company windfall profits, as occurred following the war in Ukraine which started in 2022.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>从伦敦到巴黎，强劲的业绩引发了对石油公司暴利征税的呼声，正如 2022 年乌克兰战争后发生的情况。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Once again, the fossil fuel giants are raking in massive profits,&#34; lamented Danny Gross of NGO Friends of the Earth in a statement which called for increased taxes on profits.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“再次，化石燃料巨头们正在获取巨额利润，” 非政府组织地球之友的 Danny Gross 在一份声明中感叹，并呼吁对利润征收更高的税。</p>
</div><p>In the UK, oil companies operating in the North Sea remain subject to the Energy Profits Levy, a temporary levy on profits arising from the upstream production of oil and gas introduced in 2022, which has been extended and increased several times.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在英国，北海的石油公司仍然受到能源利润税的约束，这是一项针对 2022 年引入的石油和天然气上游生产利润的临时税，已多次延长和增加。</p>
</div><p>It is currently set at 38 percent of profits until 2030 and is in addition to the 40 percent of taxes already in force in the sector. However, it only applies to profits derived from UK oil and gas production.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>该税目前设定为利润的 38%，直到 2030 年，并且是在该行业已经实施的 40% 税收基础上。此外，它仅适用于来自英国石油和天然气生产的利润。</p>
</div><p>The surging profits at Shell and BP has brought more calls to increase these levies, with Energy Minister Ed Miliband notably condemning what he termed &#34;excessive profits&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>壳牌和 BP 的利润激增引发了对增加这些税收的更多呼声，能源部长 Ed Miliband 特别谴责了他所称的 “过高利润”。</p>
</div><p>French President Emmanuel Macron is meanwhile calling for a European response in the face of excessive energy firm windfall profits or &#34;speculative behaviour&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>与此同时，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙呼吁在面对能源公司过高的暴利或 “投机行为” 时采取欧洲应对措施。</p>
</div><p>Analysts consulted by AFP indicate companies are expected to post strong profits again in the second quarter.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>法新社咨询的分析师表示，预计公司在第二季度将再次报告强劲的利润。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Even if tensions ease, markets do not suddenly snap back to normal overnight,&#34; observed Innes.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“即使紧张局势缓解，市场也不会在一夜之间恢复正常，” Innes 观察到。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I am not sure this conflict will get resolved that easily,&#34; said Adi Imsirovic, senior lecturer in energy systems at Oxford University. That would keep prices higher for longer.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我不确定这个冲突会那么容易解决，” 牛津大学能源系统高级讲师 Adi Imsirovic 表示。这将使价格保持在较高水平更长时间。</p>
</div><p>That scenario is likely to stimulate new oil and gas projects, as envisaged by TotalEnergies, involving small-scale fields capable of rapid production.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这种情况可能会刺激新的石油和天然气项目，正如 TotalEnergies 所设想的，涉及能够快速生产的小规模油田。</p>
</div><p>Innes believes companies will prefer to put their faith in low-cost projects rather than rushing &#34;blindly&#34; into massive expansion.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Innes 认为，公司将更倾向于相信低成本项目，而不是 “盲目” 冲进大规模扩张。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The winners will likely be the projects that are low-cost, flexible, and geopolitically secure, rather than massive expansion for expansion’s sake,&#34; he added.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“赢家可能是那些低成本、灵活且地缘政治安全的项目，而不是为了扩张而扩张的大规模项目，” 他补充道。</p>
</div><p>In recent years, BP and Shell have scaled back several climate targets in favour of continuing oil and gas production.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>近年来，BP 和壳牌已缩减了多个气候目标，以继续进行石油和天然气生产。</p>
</div><p>More recently, TotalEnergies announced it could no longer commit to its 2050 carbon neutrality target, stressing the world was not yet ready to move on from oil.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>最近，TotalEnergies 宣布无法再承诺其 2050 年碳中和目标，强调世界尚未准备好摆脱石油。</p>
</div><p>The conflict has, nonetheless, brought the role of renewable energy in energy security back into the spotlight.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>然而，这场冲突使可再生能源在能源安全中的角色再次受到关注。</p>
</div><p>&#34;This has not gone unnoticed in all capitals across the globe,&#34; said Imsirovic.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“这一点在全球各国的首都并没有被忽视，” Imsirovic 表示。</p>
</div><p>ode-nal/abb/cw/rl/ceg</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>ode-nal/abb/cw/rl/ceg</p>
</div>

能源利润的飙升重新引发了对征收暴利税的呼声