<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c"/></p>
<p>越南政府计划禁止使用化石燃料动力的摩托车，但遭到反对（Nhac NGUYEN）</p>
<p>每天有数百万辆排放废气的摩托车穿梭于河内狭窄的街道，加剧了该市的空气污染，但当局已放弃了禁止摩托车的雄心勃勃计划，转而支持电动两轮车。</p>
<p>机动车排放占该市污染问题的一半以上——有些日子，河内在有害空气的世界排名中名列前茅——但这座城市依赖于两轮车，其中绝大多数仍由化石燃料驱动。</p>
<p>越南共产党政府去年宣布计划禁止在河内历史中心的 26 平方公里（10 平方英里）区域内使用汽油摩托车。</p>
<p>面对骑行者的反对和充电站建设的延误，当局已将提案缩减至仅覆盖 0.5 平方公里的 11 条街道。</p>
<p>即便是这样的小规模 “低排放区”，也仅在周五晚上和部分周末禁止汽油摩托车——而这一计划本身也充满不确定性。</p>
<p>这是一项显著的退让，突显了即使在一个几乎不容忍异议的威权国家，推动向电动车转型的困难。</p>
<p>“我认为几乎所有人都反对这一禁令，” 24 岁的河内居民、研究员 Phuong Anh Nguyen 说，她骑着一辆汽油摩托车。</p>
<p>她同意污染是一个主要问题，并因空气质量差而遭受长期拥堵，但她不想换车，称电动车 “需要频繁维护，并且存在我可能无法完全理解的风险”。</p>
<p>本月，市政府官员甚至拒绝签署缩减后的禁令——将决定推迟到 6 月，使原定于 7 月 1 日实施的计划充满疑问。</p>
<p>“这很少见，但确实发生过，” 越南分析师 Nguyen Khac Giang 谈到市政府决定改变方向时表示。</p>
<p>“当他们的合法性受到威胁时，政府往往会退缩……我认为这就是放松汽油摩托车禁令的原因。”</p>
<p>- ‘不够’ -</p>
<p>摩托车在河内随处可见，近 700 万辆摩托车被通勤者、家庭或装载货物的人使用，摩托车的数量大约是汽车的七倍。</p>
<p>在越南，两轮车占据主导地位，公共交通有限，许多人无法负担汽车，使其成为全球第四大摩托车市场。</p>
<p>尽管仍以内燃机摩托车为主，但政府一直在逐步鼓励电动车的采用，胡志明市也计划逐步淘汰汽油摩托车，尽管时间表较慢。</p>
<p>当河内的禁令去年 7 月首次宣布时，主要生产汽油摩托车的制造商纷纷表示反对，报道称本田等公司警告越南工厂可能会失去工作岗位。</p>
<p>当地电动车制造商 VinFast 的销量随之激增，一些分析师推测该禁令可能部分是为了帮助它。</p>
<p>但 VinFast 去年仅售出约 40 万辆摩托车，而本田则售出了 260 万辆。</p>
<p>政府已提出对转向电动车的人提供最高 500 万越南盾（约 190 美元）的补贴，而电动车的价格通常在 3000 万越南盾以上。</p>
<p>“这还不够——尤其是对我这样刚毕业的人来说，” 24 岁的 Hanh Nguyen 说。</p>
<p>“我需要更多的支持。”</p>
<p>她还担心充电站的可用性，尽管政府承诺，但充电站的建设进展缓慢。</p>
<p>- 故障和火灾 -</p>
<p>其他骑行者因听闻故障和电池起火的报道而感到畏惧，一些河内的公寓楼已禁止电动自行车，国家媒体报道。</p>
<p>当局正在努力使充电站更安全，并计划进行电池更换，这样的风险较低。</p>
<p>但建设基础设施需要时间，公众也需要时间来摆脱对化石燃料的依赖。</p>
<p>去年，欧盟取消了原定于 2035 年生效的新汽油和柴油汽车禁令，而印度则设定了 50 年的电动车转型时间表。</p>
<p>河内人民委员会尚未立即回复法新社的评论请求。</p>
<p>前大众汽车排放工程师 Nguyen Minh Dong 现任电气化顾问，称河内急于禁止化石燃料摩托车的做法 “令人困惑”。</p>
<p>“由于基础设施的限制，变革需要相当长的适应时间，” 他说。</p>
<p>“越南所追求的路线图并不合适。”</p>
<p>bur-tym/slb/lga</p>

越南 ETF - VanEck Vectors

VNAM

<p>河内当局已撤回禁止汽油摩托车的计划，转而支持电动两轮车，此举是由于公众反对和基础设施延迟。最初的目标是减少空气污染，但修订后的提案现在仅在有限的时间内限制汽油摩托车在 11 条街道上行驶。该决定突显了越南在向电动汽车过渡过程中面临的挑战，摩托车在交通中占主导地位。居民们对电动摩托车的维护、充电基础设施和安全问题仍然存在担忧</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c"/></p>
<p>A goverment plan to ban out fossil fuel-powered bikes has met opposition in Vietnam (Nhac NGUYEN)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>越南政府计划禁止使用化石燃料动力的摩托车，但遭到反对（Nhac NGUYEN）</p>
</div><p>Millions of exhaust-belching motorbikes zip through Hanoi's narrow streets every day fuelling its chronic air pollution, but authorities have backtracked from an ambitious plan to ban them in favour of electric two-wheelers.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>每天有数百万辆排放废气的摩托车穿梭于河内狭窄的街道，加剧了该市的空气污染，但当局已放弃了禁止摩托车的雄心勃勃计划，转而支持电动两轮车。</p>
</div><p>Vehicular emissions account for more than half of the capital's pollution problem -- some days it tops world rankings for hazardous air -- but the city runs on two-wheelers, the vast majority of them powered by fossil fuels.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>机动车排放占该市污染问题的一半以上——有些日子，河内在有害空气的世界排名中名列前茅——但这座城市依赖于两轮车，其中绝大多数仍由化石燃料驱动。</p>
</div><p>Vietnam's Communist government last year announced a plan to bar petrol motorbikes from a 26-square-kilometre (10-square-mile) area in Hanoi's historic centre.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>越南共产党政府去年宣布计划禁止在河内历史中心的 26 平方公里（10 平方英里）区域内使用汽油摩托车。</p>
</div><p>In the face of opposition from riders and delays in building charging stations, authorities have since whittled down the proposal to cover just 11 streets spread over 0.5 square kilometres.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>面对骑行者的反对和充电站建设的延误，当局已将提案缩减至仅覆盖 0.5 平方公里的 11 条街道。</p>
</div><p>Even that much smaller &#34;low-emissions zone&#34; would bar petrol bikes only on Friday evenings and some of the weekend -- and is itself in doubt.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>即便是这样的小规模 “低排放区”，也仅在周五晚上和部分周末禁止汽油摩托车——而这一计划本身也充满不确定性。</p>
</div><p>It is a remarkable climb-down, underscoring the difficulty of spurring the transition to electric vehicles even in an authoritarian country that brooks little dissent.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>这是一项显著的退让，突显了即使在一个几乎不容忍异议的威权国家，推动向电动车转型的困难。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I think almost everyone opposes the ban,&#34; said Phuong Anh Nguyen, a 24-year-old Hanoi resident who works as a researcher and rides a petrol motorbike.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我认为几乎所有人都反对这一禁令，” 24 岁的河内居民、研究员 Phuong Anh Nguyen 说，她骑着一辆汽油摩托车。</p>
</div><p>She agrees pollution is a major problem and suffers from chronic congestion she blames on the air, but does not want to switch, saying electric vehicles &#34;require frequent maintenance while carrying risks I may not fully understand&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她同意污染是一个主要问题，并因空气质量差而遭受长期拥堵，但她不想换车，称电动车 “需要频繁维护，并且存在我可能无法完全理解的风险”。</p>
</div><p>This month, city officials declined to sign off on even the scaled-back ban -- postponing the decision to June and throwing its planned July 1 implementation into question.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>本月，市政府官员甚至拒绝签署缩减后的禁令——将决定推迟到 6 月，使原定于 7 月 1 日实施的计划充满疑问。</p>
</div><p>&#34;It's rare but it does happen,&#34; Vietnam analyst Nguyen Khac Giang said of the decision by city authorities to reverse course.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“这很少见，但确实发生过，” 越南分析师 Nguyen Khac Giang 谈到市政府决定改变方向时表示。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The government tends to back down when their legitimacy is threatened... and I think that is what drives the loosening of the petrol bike ban regulations.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“当他们的合法性受到威胁时，政府往往会退缩……我认为这就是放松汽油摩托车禁令的原因。”</p>
</div><p>- 'Not enough' -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- ‘不够’ -</p>
</div><p>Motorbikes are ubiquitous in Hanoi, with nearly seven million used by commuters, families or weighed down by piles of goods, and they outnumber cars roughly seven to one.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>摩托车在河内随处可见，近 700 万辆摩托车被通勤者、家庭或装载货物的人使用，摩托车的数量大约是汽车的七倍。</p>
</div><p>Two-wheelers reign supreme across Vietnam, where public transport is limited and many cannot afford cars, making it the world's fourth-largest motorbike market.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在越南，两轮车占据主导地位，公共交通有限，许多人无法负担汽车，使其成为全球第四大摩托车市场。</p>
</div><p>It is still dominated by internal combustion engine bikes, but the government has been gradually encouraging electric vehicle adoption, with Ho Chi Minh City also planning to phase out petrol bikes, although on a slower timeline.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>尽管仍以内燃机摩托车为主，但政府一直在逐步鼓励电动车的采用，胡志明市也计划逐步淘汰汽油摩托车，尽管时间表较慢。</p>
</div><p>When the Hanoi ban was first announced last July, manufacturers of mainly petrol bikes lined up in opposition, with Honda and others warning of job losses at Vietnam plants, according to news reports.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当河内的禁令去年 7 月首次宣布时，主要生产汽油摩托车的制造商纷纷表示反对，报道称本田等公司警告越南工厂可能会失去工作岗位。</p>
</div><p>Local EV-maker VinFast has since seen a surge in sales, and some analysts speculate the ban may have been designed partly to help it.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当地电动车制造商 VinFast 的销量随之激增，一些分析师推测该禁令可能部分是为了帮助它。</p>
</div><p>But VinFast only sold around 400,000 bikes last year, compared to Honda's 2.6 million.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但 VinFast 去年仅售出约 40 万辆摩托车，而本田则售出了 260 万辆。</p>
</div><p>The government has floated subsidies of up to 5 million Vietnamese dong ($190) for people switching to electric bikes that can cost upwards of 30 million.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>政府已提出对转向电动车的人提供最高 500 万越南盾（约 190 美元）的补贴，而电动车的价格通常在 3000 万越南盾以上。</p>
</div><p>&#34;That is not enough -- especially for someone like me who has only recently graduated,&#34; said 24-year-old Hanh Nguyen.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“这还不够——尤其是对我这样刚毕业的人来说，” 24 岁的 Hanh Nguyen 说。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I would need greater support.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我需要更多的支持。”</p>
</div><p>She also worries about the availability of charging stations, which have been slow to materialise despite government promises.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她还担心充电站的可用性，尽管政府承诺，但充电站的建设进展缓慢。</p>
</div><p>- Failures and fires -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- 故障和火灾 -</p>
</div><p>Other riders are put off by reports of breakdowns and battery fires, and some Hanoi apartment buildings have banned e-bikes, according to state media.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>其他骑行者因听闻故障和电池起火的报道而感到畏惧，一些河内的公寓楼已禁止电动自行车，国家媒体报道。</p>
</div><p>Authorities are working to make charging stations safer and making plans for battery swapping, which carries lower risks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当局正在努力使充电站更安全，并计划进行电池更换，这样的风险较低。</p>
</div><p>But building infrastructure takes time, as does weening the public off fossil fuels.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但建设基础设施需要时间，公众也需要时间来摆脱对化石燃料的依赖。</p>
</div><p>The EU last year scrapped a landmark ban on new petrol and diesel cars set to come into effect in 2035, and India has set a 50-year timeline for transitioning to electric vehicles.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>去年，欧盟取消了原定于 2035 年生效的新汽油和柴油汽车禁令，而印度则设定了 50 年的电动车转型时间表。</p>
</div><p>The Hanoi People's Council did not immediately reply to AFP's request for comment.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>河内人民委员会尚未立即回复法新社的评论请求。</p>
</div><p>Nguyen Minh Dong, a former Volkswagen emissions engineer who now advises on electrification, called the rush to ban fossil fuel bikes in Hanoi &#34;puzzling&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>前大众汽车排放工程师 Nguyen Minh Dong 现任电气化顾问，称河内急于禁止化石燃料摩托车的做法 “令人困惑”。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The change requires a considerable amount of time to adapt due to infrastructure limitations,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“由于基础设施的限制，变革需要相当长的适应时间，” 他说。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The roadmap that Vietnam is aiming for is unsuitable.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“越南所追求的路线图并不合适。”</p>
</div><p>bur-tym/slb/lga</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>bur-tym/slb/lga</p>
</div>

河内暂停实施汽油摩托车禁令