<p>作者：Lukas I. Alpert</p>
<p>一个法律监督组织已要求律师协会调查布伦丹·卡尔在执行特朗普总统媒体议程的过程中是否违反了伦理义务。</p>
<p>联邦通信委员会主席布伦丹·卡尔在特朗普政府试图限制媒体的几次事件中一直处于中心位置。</p>
<p>联邦通信委员会的负责人在媒体行业内部人士和监管者的圈子之外，历史上一直是一个鲜为人知的人物。但在特朗普政府期间，FCC 主席布伦丹·卡尔成为了争议中心的一个非常公开的面孔。</p>
<p>47 岁的卡尔在特朗普总统努力限制媒体和改变大型电视公司获取方式的长期规则中发挥了重要作用。</p>
<p>现在，一个法律监督组织指控卡尔在执行特朗普议程的过程中违反了法律，并要求华盛顿特区和马里兰州的律师协会调查他是否违反了作为律师的伦理义务。</p>
<p>“卡尔似乎通过利用他的职位向受监管的广播公司施压，迫使他们制作他和总统认为政治上可接受的言论，从而违反了他的伦理义务，” 这个非党派的法律问责中心在给两个律师协会的信中写道。</p>
<p>FCC 没有立即回应寻求评论的消息，但在对媒体通讯简报 Status 的评论中，卡尔将该监督组织称为 “极左激进组织”。</p>
<p>“我会继续做我的工作……无论像这样的激进组织怎么想，” 卡尔说。</p>
<p>以下是自特朗普去年重返办公室以来，卡尔参与的一些最具争议的问题。</p>
<p>吉米·基梅尔</p>
<p>当白宫在去年呼吁解雇深夜主持人吉米·基梅尔，因为他对保守派活动家查理·柯克的枪击死亡发表了言论时，卡尔在施压 ABC 及其附属机构采取行动方面处于前沿。</p>
<p>“我们可以选择简单的方法或困难的方法，” 卡尔当时说。“这些公司可以找到改变行为的方法来对基梅尔采取行动，或者，你知道，FCC 将面临更多的工作。”</p>
<p>卡尔的评论恰逢地方电视台集团所有者 Nexstar（NXST）和 Sinclair（SBGI）试图将基梅尔这一频繁批评特朗普的主持人从其 ABC 附属机构中撤下，这促使 ABC 的拥有者华特·迪士尼（DIS）将该节目完全停播了一周。</p>
<p>将基梅尔的节目下架引发了一些观众的愤怒，他们认为这一举措相当于政治审查。对迪士尼的抵制呼声导致迪士尼 + 流媒体服务的取消数量是正常月份的两倍。</p>
<p>基梅尔的节目后来重新回到了电视上。</p>
<p>吉米·基梅尔 2.0</p>
<p>上个月底，特朗普再次呼吁解雇基梅尔，原因是这位喜剧演员对第一夫人梅拉尼娅·特朗普开了个玩笑。</p>
<p>第二天，卡尔插话说，他正在对 ABC 的广播许可证进行审查。卡尔表示，这一审查源于对该网络多样性项目是否存在歧视的调查，并且与最新的基梅尔事件无关。</p>
<p>许多媒体监督组织对此举表示反对，称时机引发了相当大的担忧，FCC 没有权力根据对言论的反对意见调查许可证。</p>
<p>唯一的民主党 FCC 委员安娜·戈麦斯批评这一调查是明显的政治行为。</p>
<p>“迪士尼和 ABC 所面临的不是一系列偶然的监管行动，而是一场持续的、协调的审查和控制运动，通过武器化 FCC 作为联邦监管机构的权力，旨在迫使自由和独立的新闻机构及所有媒体屈服，” 她在给迪士尼新任首席执行官乔什·达马罗的信中写道。“你们不是这场运动的第一个目标，也不会是最后一个。”</p>
<p>到目前为止，ABC 拒绝对基梅尔采取任何行动，表示打算在法庭上挑战 FCC 的调查。</p>
<p>派拉蒙 - 斯凯丹斯合并</p>
<p>在 2024 年，派拉蒙达成了一项以 80 亿美元被大卫·埃利森的斯凯丹斯收购的协议，但该交易因即将上任的特朗普政府的政治考虑而停滞了一年多。</p>
<p>当新政府上任时，派拉蒙正处于为特朗普提起的 200 亿美元诉讼辩护的过程中，特朗普声称该公司的标志性新闻节目 CBS 的《60 分钟》对民主党总统候选人卡马拉·哈里斯的采访进行了欺骗性编辑。</p>
<p>许多法律专家认为该案件毫无根据，CBS 很容易胜诉，但派拉蒙最终同意以 1600 万美元和解，以加快交易的批准。</p>
<p>卡尔等到案件和解后才允许 FCC 签署派拉蒙斯凯丹斯（PSKY）交易，但仅在埃利森——他得到了父亲、甲骨文创始人和特朗普支持者拉里·埃利森的支持——同意对 CBS 的新闻节目进行意识形态上的改变，并结束公司所有的多样性项目之后。</p>
<p>在卡尔批准合并之前不久，CBS 还宣布将取消《斯蒂芬·科尔伯特晚间秀》，其主持人是频繁批评特朗普的人。</p>
<p>Nexstar-Tegna 交易</p>
<p>在 3 月，特朗普政府批准了 Nexstar 和 Tegna 的 62 亿美元合并。尽管围绕该交易存在相当大的法律问题，但仍然签署了该协议。</p>
<p>主要问题是电视台集团允许覆盖的家庭数量的长期限制。根据当前 FCC 的规则，一个电视台集团不能覆盖超过 39% 的美国家庭。公司在单一市场中拥有的电视台数量也有限制。</p>
<p>在提议的合并之前，Nexstar 覆盖了美国 39% 的家庭，而 Tegna 覆盖了 31%，这意味着它们的总覆盖率将远超百分比限制。</p>
<p>Carr 长期以来一直认为，所有权限制过时且反竞争，应该进行更改。但许多法律专家表示，这个问题只有国会才能解决。</p>
<p>许多媒体观察者注意到，Nexstar 去年将 Jimmy Kimmel 的节目从其频道撤下的举动正值 FCC 审查与 Tegna 合并的交易。</p>
<p>尽管 FCC 已批准该交易，但由于受到来自两党州检察长以及竞争对手 DirecTV 的法律挑战，该交易目前处于暂停状态。</p>
<p>'The View'</p>
<p>今年早些时候，Carr 表示他已对 ABC 长期播出的日间脱口秀节目《The View》启动了执法程序，指控该节目违反了政治候选人出场的平等时间规则。</p>
<p>引发调查的问题是，德克萨斯州民主党参议院候选人 James Talarico 在 2 月份的出场。Carr 表示，根据规则，该节目必须给予共和党候选人平等的时间。</p>
<p>Carr 认为，《The View》的主持人常常批评特朗普，因此不符合新闻节目的定义，而新闻节目是平等时间规则的豁免对象。</p>
<p>CBS 同样选择不在 Stephen Colbert 的深夜节目中播出 Talarico 的采访，原因是 FCC 对平等时间规则的新解释。</p>
<p>-Lukas I. Alpert</p>
<p>此内容由 MarketWatch 创作，MarketWatch 由道琼斯公司运营。MarketWatch 与道琼斯新闻通讯和《华尔街日报》独立出版。</p>
<p>（完）道琼斯新闻通讯</p>
<p>05-19-26 1553ET</p>

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<p>FCC 主席布伦丹·卡尔面临道德违规的指控，因其 allegedly 施压广播公司与特朗普的媒体议程保持一致。一个监督组织已请求对他的行为进行调查，指出可能违反了道德义务。卡尔曾涉及争议事件，包括对 ABC 施压以回应吉米·基梅尔的言论，并监督对该网络多样性项目的调查。批评者认为这些行为代表了对媒体自由的协调攻击</p>

<p>By Lukas I. Alpert</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>作者：Lukas I. Alpert</p>
</div><p>A legal watchdog group has asked bar associations to investigate whether Brendan Carr violated ethical obligations in his effort to enforce President Trump's media agenda</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>一个法律监督组织已要求律师协会调查布伦丹·卡尔在执行特朗普总统媒体议程的过程中是否违反了伦理义务。</p>
</div><p>FCC Chair Brendan Carr has been front and center in several instances in which the Trump administration has attempted to rein in the media.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>联邦通信委员会主席布伦丹·卡尔在特朗普政府试图限制媒体的几次事件中一直处于中心位置。</p>
</div><p>The head of the Federal Communications Commission has historically been a little-known figure outside a circle of media-industry insiders and regulators. But under the Trump administration, FCC Chair Brendan Carr has been a very public face at the center of controversy.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>联邦通信委员会的负责人在媒体行业内部人士和监管者的圈子之外，历史上一直是一个鲜为人知的人物。但在特朗普政府期间，FCC 主席布伦丹·卡尔成为了争议中心的一个非常公开的面孔。</p>
</div><p>The 47-year-old Carr has played a prominent role in President Donald Trump's efforts to rein in the media and to change longstanding rules about how big television companies can get.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>47 岁的卡尔在特朗普总统努力限制媒体和改变大型电视公司获取方式的长期规则中发挥了重要作用。</p>
</div><p>Now a legal watchdog group is accusing Carr of breaking the law in his effort to enforce Trump's agenda and has asked the bar associations of Washington, D.C., and Maryland to investigate whether he has violated his ethical obligations as an attorney.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>现在，一个法律监督组织指控卡尔在执行特朗普议程的过程中违反了法律，并要求华盛顿特区和马里兰州的律师协会调查他是否违反了作为律师的伦理义务。</p>
</div><p>&#34;Carr appears to have breached his ethical obligations by using his position to pressure regulated broadcasters to produce speech he - and, by implication, the President - deem politically acceptable, under threat of adverse action by the FCC,&#34; the nonpartisan Legal Accountability Center wrote in letters to the two bar associations.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“卡尔似乎通过利用他的职位向受监管的广播公司施压，迫使他们制作他和总统认为政治上可接受的言论，从而违反了他的伦理义务，” 这个非党派的法律问责中心在给两个律师协会的信中写道。</p>
</div><p>The FCC didn't immediately respond to a message seeking comment, but in comments to the media newsletter Status, Carr dismissed the watchdog organization as a &#34;far-left activist group.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>FCC 没有立即回应寻求评论的消息，但在对媒体通讯简报 Status 的评论中，卡尔将该监督组织称为 “极左激进组织”。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I'm going to keep doing my job ... whatever activist groups like this think notwithstanding,&#34; Carr said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我会继续做我的工作……无论像这样的激进组织怎么想，” 卡尔说。</p>
</div><p>Here are some of the most controversial issues Carr has been involved in since Trump returned to office last year.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>以下是自特朗普去年重返办公室以来，卡尔参与的一些最具争议的问题。</p>
</div><p>Jimmy Kimmel</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>吉米·基梅尔</p>
</div><p>When the White House called for late-night host Jimmy Kimmel to be fired after he made remarks about the shooting death of conservative activist Charlie Kirk last year, Carr was at the forefront in putting pressure on ABC and its affiliates to take action.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当白宫在去年呼吁解雇深夜主持人吉米·基梅尔，因为他对保守派活动家查理·柯克的枪击死亡发表了言论时，卡尔在施压 ABC 及其附属机构采取行动方面处于前沿。</p>
</div><p>&#34;We can do this the easy way or the hard way,&#34; Carr said at the time. &#34;These companies can find ways to change conduct to take action on Kimmel or, you know, there's going to be additional work for the FCC ahead.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我们可以选择简单的方法或困难的方法，” 卡尔当时说。“这些公司可以找到改变行为的方法来对基梅尔采取行动，或者，你知道，FCC 将面临更多的工作。”</p>
</div><p>Carr's comments came just ahead of moves by local television group owners Nexstar (NXST) and Sinclair (SBGI) to pull Kimmel, a frequent Trump critic, from their ABC affiliates, which prompted ABC owner Walt Disney (DIS) to take the show off the air entirely for a week.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>卡尔的评论恰逢地方电视台集团所有者 Nexstar（NXST）和 Sinclair（SBGI）试图将基梅尔这一频繁批评特朗普的主持人从其 ABC 附属机构中撤下，这促使 ABC 的拥有者华特·迪士尼（DIS）将该节目完全停播了一周。</p>
</div><p>The move to take Kimmel's show off television led to outrage from some viewers who believed the effort amounted to political censorship. Calls for a boycott of Disney resulted in double the number of cancellations of the Disney+ streaming service as in a normal month.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>将基梅尔的节目下架引发了一些观众的愤怒，他们认为这一举措相当于政治审查。对迪士尼的抵制呼声导致迪士尼 + 流媒体服务的取消数量是正常月份的两倍。</p>
</div><p>Kimmel's show was later returned to the air.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>基梅尔的节目后来重新回到了电视上。</p>
</div><p>Jimmy Kimmel 2.0</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>吉米·基梅尔 2.0</p>
</div><p>Late last month, Trump again called for Kimmel to be fired following a joke the comedian made about first lady Melania Trump.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>上个月底，特朗普再次呼吁解雇基梅尔，原因是这位喜剧演员对第一夫人梅拉尼娅·特朗普开了个玩笑。</p>
</div><p>The following day, Carr chimed in, saying he was placing ABC's broadcast licenses under review. Carr said the review stemmed from a probe into whether the network's diversity programs were discriminatory and that they had had nothing to do with the latest Kimmel kerfuffle.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>第二天，卡尔插话说，他正在对 ABC 的广播许可证进行审查。卡尔表示，这一审查源于对该网络多样性项目是否存在歧视的调查，并且与最新的基梅尔事件无关。</p>
</div><p>Many media watchdogs have spoken out against the move, saying that the timing raised considerable concerns and that the FCC doesn't have the authority to investigate licenses based on objections over speech.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>许多媒体监督组织对此举表示反对，称时机引发了相当大的担忧，FCC 没有权力根据对言论的反对意见调查许可证。</p>
</div><p>Anna Gomez, the lone Democratic FCC commissioner, has criticized the probe as blatantly political.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>唯一的民主党 FCC 委员安娜·戈麦斯批评这一调查是明显的政治行为。</p>
</div><p>&#34;What Disney and ABC are facing is not a series of coincidental regulatory actions but a sustained, coordinated campaign of censorship and control, carried out through the weaponization of the FCC's authority as a federal regulator and aimed at pressuring a free and independent press and all media into submission,&#34; she wrote in a letter to Disney's new CEO, Josh D'Amaro. &#34;You are not the first target of this campaign, and you will not be the last.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“迪士尼和 ABC 所面临的不是一系列偶然的监管行动，而是一场持续的、协调的审查和控制运动，通过武器化 FCC 作为联邦监管机构的权力，旨在迫使自由和独立的新闻机构及所有媒体屈服，” 她在给迪士尼新任首席执行官乔什·达马罗的信中写道。“你们不是这场运动的第一个目标，也不会是最后一个。”</p>
</div><p>So far, ABC has declined to take any action against Kimmel, saying it intends to challenge the FCC's probe in court.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>到目前为止，ABC 拒绝对基梅尔采取任何行动，表示打算在法庭上挑战 FCC 的调查。</p>
</div><p>Paramount-Skydance merger</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>派拉蒙 - 斯凯丹斯合并</p>
</div><p>In 2024, Paramount reached an agreement to be acquired for $8 billion by David Ellison's Skydance, but the deal got hung up for more than a year over what turned out to be political considerations from the incoming Trump administration.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在 2024 年，派拉蒙达成了一项以 80 亿美元被大卫·埃利森的斯凯丹斯收购的协议，但该交易因即将上任的特朗普政府的政治考虑而停滞了一年多。</p>
</div><p>When the new administration took charge, Paramount was in the midst of defending itself from a $20 billion lawsuit brought by Trump, who alleged that the company's signature news program, CBS's &#34;60 Minutes,&#34; had deceptively edited an interview with Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>当新政府上任时，派拉蒙正处于为特朗普提起的 200 亿美元诉讼辩护的过程中，特朗普声称该公司的标志性新闻节目 CBS 的《60 分钟》对民主党总统候选人卡马拉·哈里斯的采访进行了欺骗性编辑。</p>
</div><p>Many legal experts viewed the case as baseless and easily winnable for CBS, but Paramount eventually agreed to settle the suit for $16 million in order to speed the deal's approval.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>许多法律专家认为该案件毫无根据，CBS 很容易胜诉，但派拉蒙最终同意以 1600 万美元和解，以加快交易的批准。</p>
</div><p>Carr waited until the case was settled before allowing the FCC to sign off on the Paramount Skydance (PSKY) deal, but only after Ellison - who was backed by his father, Oracle co-founder and Trump supporter Larry Ellison - agreed to make ideological changes to news programming on CBS and to end all diversity programs at the company.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>卡尔等到案件和解后才允许 FCC 签署派拉蒙斯凯丹斯（PSKY）交易，但仅在埃利森——他得到了父亲、甲骨文创始人和特朗普支持者拉里·埃利森的支持——同意对 CBS 的新闻节目进行意识形态上的改变，并结束公司所有的多样性项目之后。</p>
</div><p>Shortly before Carr approved the merger, CBS also announced that it would cancel &#34;The Late Show with Stephen Colbert,&#34; whose host is a frequent Trump critic.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在卡尔批准合并之前不久，CBS 还宣布将取消《斯蒂芬·科尔伯特晚间秀》，其主持人是频繁批评特朗普的人。</p>
</div><p>Nexstar-Tegna deal</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Nexstar-Tegna 交易</p>
</div><p>In March, the Trump administration approved a $6.2 billion merger of local television station owners Nexstar and Tegna. The sign-off came despite considerable legal issues surrounding the deal.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在 3 月，特朗普政府批准了 Nexstar 和 Tegna 的 62 亿美元合并。尽管围绕该交易存在相当大的法律问题，但仍然签署了该协议。</p>
</div><p>The main issue has been the longstanding limit on the number of households a television station group is allowed to reach. Under current FCC rules, a station group cannot reach more than 39% of U.S. households. There are also limits on the number of stations a company can own in a single market.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>主要问题是电视台集团允许覆盖的家庭数量的长期限制。根据当前 FCC 的规则，一个电视台集团不能覆盖超过 39% 的美国家庭。公司在单一市场中拥有的电视台数量也有限制。</p>
</div><p>Before the proposed merger, Nexstar reached exactly 39% of U.S. households, while Tegna reached 31%, meaning together their reach would blow well past the percentage limit.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在提议的合并之前，Nexstar 覆盖了美国 39% 的家庭，而 Tegna 覆盖了 31%，这意味着它们的总覆盖率将远超百分比限制。</p>
</div><p>Carr has long argued that the ownership limits are antiquated and anti-competitive and should be changed. But many legal experts say this is a question only Congress can address.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Carr 长期以来一直认为，所有权限制过时且反竞争，应该进行更改。但许多法律专家表示，这个问题只有国会才能解决。</p>
</div><p>Many media watchers have noted that Nexstar's move to pull Jimmy Kimmel's show off its stations last year came as the FCC was reviewing the deal to merge with Tegna.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>许多媒体观察者注意到，Nexstar 去年将 Jimmy Kimmel 的节目从其频道撤下的举动正值 FCC 审查与 Tegna 合并的交易。</p>
</div><p>While the FCC has approved the deal, the transaction is on hold, as it has been challenged in court by a bipartisan group of state attorneys general as well as by rival DirecTV.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>尽管 FCC 已批准该交易，但由于受到来自两党州检察长以及竞争对手 DirecTV 的法律挑战，该交易目前处于暂停状态。</p>
</div><p>'The View'</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>'The View'</p>
</div><p>Earlier this year, Carr said he had started enforcement proceedings against ABC's long-running daytime talk show &#34;The View,&#34; alleging it had violated equal-time rules on appearances by political candidates.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>今年早些时候，Carr 表示他已对 ABC 长期播出的日间脱口秀节目《The View》启动了执法程序，指控该节目违反了政治候选人出场的平等时间规则。</p>
</div><p>The issue that ostensibly triggered the probe was an appearance in February by James Talarico, a Democratic candidate for Senate in Texas. Under the rules, Carr said, the show would have to give equal time to a Republican candidate.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>引发调查的问题是，德克萨斯州民主党参议院候选人 James Talarico 在 2 月份的出场。Carr 表示，根据规则，该节目必须给予共和党候选人平等的时间。</p>
</div><p>Carr has argued that &#34;The View&#34; - whose hosts are often critical of Trump - doesn't qualify as a news program, which would be exempt from the equal-time rule.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>Carr 认为，《The View》的主持人常常批评特朗普，因此不符合新闻节目的定义，而新闻节目是平等时间规则的豁免对象。</p>
</div><p>CBS similarly opted not to air an interview with Talarico on Stephen Colbert's late-night show due to the FCC's new interpretation of the equal-time rule.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>CBS 同样选择不在 Stephen Colbert 的深夜节目中播出 Talarico 的采访，原因是 FCC 对平等时间规则的新解释。</p>
</div><p>-Lukas I. Alpert</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>-Lukas I. Alpert</p>
</div><p>This content was created by MarketWatch, which is operated by Dow Jones &amp; Co. MarketWatch is published independently from Dow Jones Newswires and The Wall Street Journal.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>此内容由 MarketWatch 创作，MarketWatch 由道琼斯公司运营。MarketWatch 与道琼斯新闻通讯和《华尔街日报》独立出版。</p>
</div><p>(END) Dow Jones Newswires</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>（完）道琼斯新闻通讯</p>
</div><p>05-19-26 1553ET</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>05-19-26 1553ET</p>
</div>

FCC 主席被指控非法试图约束媒体。以下是他最大的争议事件