<p>香港當局終於開始詳細説明他們計劃如何監管打車平台，如優步、Tada 和滴滴出行，這一舉措是在立法者於十月通過該市首個法律框架幾個月後。官員們提供了有關執法權、處罰和許可安排的更多信息，儘管關於最終允許多少打車車輛上路的關鍵問題尚未解決。《南華早報》探討了目前圍繞提議制度的一些主要問題，以及這可能對乘客和司機產生的影響。 1. 新框架下究竟有哪些變化？在提議的系統下，打車平台、司機和車輛都需要單獨的許可證或許可才能在香港合法運營。官員們計劃在立法會提交附屬立法草案，預計在七月底立法者放暑假之前進行討論。然後，他們將在第三季度邀請平台申請許可證，並在第四季度開始接受車輛和司機的申請。有關當局尚未決定最初將發放多少打車車輛許可證，只表示他們將繼續聽取公眾和行業代表的意見，然後再最終確定上限。 2. 平台和司機可能面臨什麼處罰？一份政府文件在週一向立法者披露，首次詳細列出了非法運營的處罰。未持有許可證的運營平台可能面臨高達 100 萬港元（約 128,000 美元）的罰款和 12 個月的監禁。允許未獲許可的車輛或司機進入其系統的持證平台，也可能面臨每個不合規車輛或司機 1 萬港元的罰款和六個月的監禁。對於後續定罪，最高罰款將上升至每個司機或車輛 2.5 萬港元，監禁時間為一年。未持有所需許可證或在未持證平台上運營的司機，可能面臨高達 1 萬港元的罰款和六個月的監禁，重複違法者的罰款將增加至 2.5 萬港元，監禁時間為 12 個月。他們還可能被取消駕駛執照資格一至三年，而他們的車輛在首次違法時可能被扣押六個月，後續定罪則可能被扣押 12 個月。 3. 當局將如何監控打車平台？提議的監管制度將要求平台與運輸署共享運營數據。平台需要保留涵蓋司機和車輛信息、預訂數量、取消情況、乘客等待時間、車費和投訴的記錄。有關當局還計劃與平台建立直接的電子通信渠道，以進行抽查和監控合規性。政府表示，平台可能還需要使用面部識別等技術來驗證司機身份，確保他們駕駛的是自己註冊的車輛。同時，乘客在確認預訂後將通過應用程序收到司機的詳細信息。平台還需提供投訴和客户服務功能。 4. 為什麼堅持 “車主司機” 模式？其中一個較為重要的提議是要求打車車輛只能由其註冊車主在提供服務時使用。官員表示，這一安排旨在防止許可證投機，避免出現類似出租車許可證制度的車輛租賃市場。但優步認為這一提議過於限制，希望許可證能夠在家庭成員之間共享，指出許多現有司機已經使用註冊在親屬名下的車輛。該平台表示，這一安排將提高車輛利用率，並幫助緩解高峰期的供應短缺。 5. 政府將如何決定許可證數量？打車許可證數量的上限是最受期待但尚未回答的細節之一。政府表示，任何上限都需要考慮公眾需求、道路容量和更廣泛的交通生態系統。有關當局估計，目前打車服務每天處理約 19 萬名乘客，約 114,000 次行程，而出租車的乘客數量為 69 萬。官員們還認為，由於大多數打車司機是兼職工作，三輛打車車輛的運營能力大致相當於一輛出租車。在週二的一檔廣播節目中，立法者陳漢彬表示，當局在推出系統時應採取 “謹慎” 的態度。他建議最初的許可證數量可能低於該市目前約 18,000 輛出租車的車隊規模。但優步警告稱，低配額可能導致高峰期高達四成的打車請求無法滿足。該公司還表示，如果供應過於受限，等待時間可能會加倍，車費在繁忙時段可能上漲多達 70%。由前立法者張新宇領導的智能交通聯盟，包括打車平台成員，早前建議在初始階段發放 20,500 個許可證，稱較低的數字可能會給居民的日常生活帶來不便。 6. 乘客可能會注意到哪些變化？政府表示，持證打車車輛將被要求顯示官方識別標記，使乘客和執法人員更容易識別合規車輛。有關當局還計劃推出一個在線系統，允許公眾檢查某輛車是否持有有效許可證。申請許可證的打車平台也可能被要求解釋他們將如何將出租車預訂服務納入其應用程序，並吸引出租車司機加入他們的系統。</p>

滴滴出行

優步

<p>香港將對像優步、Tada 和滴滴出行這樣的打車平台進行監管，隨後建立了法律框架。主要變化包括對平台、司機和車輛分別頒發許可證，違反規定的罰款可高達 100 萬港元並可能面臨監禁。有關部門將通過數據共享和技術監控運營。一項重要提議是 “車主司機” 模式，限制車輛使用僅限於註冊車主。打車許可證的上限尚未決定，擔心如果發放的許可證過少，可能會導致服務短缺</p>

<p>Hong Kong authorities have finally begun laying out details on how they plan to regulate ride-hailing platforms such as Uber, Tada and Didi Chuxing, months after lawmakers passed the city’s first legal framework for the sector in October. Officials have provided more information on enforcement powers, penalties and licensing arrangements, although the key issue of how many ride-hailing vehicles will ultimately be allowed on the road has yet to be resolved. The South China Morning Post tackles some of the major questions surrounding the proposed regime so far, and how it may affect riders and drivers. 1. What exactly is changing under the new framework? Under the proposed system, ride-hailing platforms, drivers and vehicles would all need separate licences or permits to operate legally in Hong Kong. Officials plan to table subsidiary legislation in the Legislative Council before lawmakers go on summer break in late July. They will then invite platforms to apply for licences in the third quarter of the year, and begin accepting applications from vehicles and drivers in the fourth quarter. Authorities have not yet decided on how many ride-hailing vehicle permits will initially be issued, only saying they will continue listening to views from the public and industry representatives before finalising the cap. 2. What penalties could platforms and drivers face? A government paper for lawmakers revealed on Monday, ahead of chamber discussions the next day, set out detailed penalties for illegal operations for the first time. Platforms operating without a licence could face fines of up to HK$1 million (US$128,000) and 12 months’ imprisonment. Licensed platforms that allow unpermitted vehicles or drivers onto their systems could also face a fine of HK$10,000 for each non-compliant vehicle or driver and six months’ imprisonment. For subsequent convictions, the maximum penalty rises to HK$25,000 for each driver or vehicle, and a year in prison. Drivers operating without the required permit or outside licensed platforms could face fines of up to HK$10,000 and six months’ imprisonment, with repeat offenders facing increased fines of HK$25,000 and 12 months in prison. They could also be disqualified from holding a driving licence for one to three years, while their vehicles could be impounded for six months for a first offence, and then for 12 months upon subsequent convictions. 3. How will authorities monitor ride-hailing platforms? The proposed regulatory regime would require platforms to share operational data with the Transport Department. Platforms would need to keep records covering driver and vehicle information, booking numbers, cancellations, passenger waiting times, fares and complaints. Authorities also plan to establish direct electronic communication channels with platforms to conduct spot checks and monitor compliance. The government said platforms could also be required to use technology such as facial recognition to verify drivers’ identities and ensure they were driving their own registered vehicles. Meanwhile, passengers would receive driver details through the app after confirming a booking. Platforms would also be required to provide complaint and customer service functions. 4. Why the insistence on an ‘owner-driver’ model? One of the more significant proposals is a requirement that ride-hailing vehicles can only be used by their registered owners while providing services. Officials said the arrangement was aimed at preventing permit speculation and avoiding the emergence of a vehicle rental market similar to the taxi licence system. But Uber argued that the proposal was too restrictive and hoped permits could be shared among family members, noting many existing drivers already used vehicles registered under relatives’ names. The platform said the arrangement would improve vehicle utilisation rates and help ease supply shortages during peak periods. 5. How will the government decide the number of permits? The cap on the number of ride-hailing permits was one of the most anticipated details that went unanswered. The government said that any cap would need to account for public demand, road capacity and the wider transport ecosystem. Authorities estimate ride-hailing services currently handle about 190,000 passengers daily, representing roughly 114,000 trips, compared with 690,000 passengers for taxis. Officials also argued that because most ride-hailing drivers worked part-time, three ride-hailing vehicles were needed to provide roughly the same operating capacity as one taxi. Speaking on a radio programme on Tuesday, lawmaker Ben Chan Han-pan said authorities should take a “prudent” approach when launching the system. He suggested that the initial number of permits could be lower than the city’s current taxi fleet of about 18,000 vehicles. But Uber warned that a low quota could result in up to four in 10 ride requests being unfulfilled during peak periods. The company also said waiting times could double and fares could rise by as much as 70 per cent during busy periods if supply was too restricted. The Smart Transportation Alliance, headed by former lawmaker Gary Zhang Xinyu and including ride-hailing platform members, earlier suggested 20,500 licences in the initial phase, saying a lower figure risked inconveniencing the daily lives of residents. 6. What changes might passengers notice? The government said licensed ride-hailing vehicles would be required to display official identification markings, allowing passengers and law enforcement officers to identify compliant vehicles more easily. Authorities also plan to launch an online system allowing members of the public to check whether a vehicle holds a valid permit. Ride-hailing platforms applying for licences may also be required to explain how they would incorporate taxi-booking services into their apps and attract taxi drivers onto their systems.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>香港當局終於開始詳細説明他們計劃如何監管打車平台，如優步、Tada 和滴滴出行，這一舉措是在立法者於十月通過該市首個法律框架幾個月後。官員們提供了有關執法權、處罰和許可安排的更多信息，儘管關於最終允許多少打車車輛上路的關鍵問題尚未解決。《南華早報》探討了目前圍繞提議制度的一些主要問題，以及這可能對乘客和司機產生的影響。 1. 新框架下究竟有哪些變化？在提議的系統下，打車平台、司機和車輛都需要單獨的許可證或許可才能在香港合法運營。官員們計劃在立法會提交附屬立法草案，預計在七月底立法者放暑假之前進行討論。然後，他們將在第三季度邀請平台申請許可證，並在第四季度開始接受車輛和司機的申請。有關當局尚未決定最初將發放多少打車車輛許可證，只表示他們將繼續聽取公眾和行業代表的意見，然後再最終確定上限。 2. 平台和司機可能面臨什麼處罰？一份政府文件在週一向立法者披露，首次詳細列出了非法運營的處罰。未持有許可證的運營平台可能面臨高達 100 萬港元（約 128,000 美元）的罰款和 12 個月的監禁。允許未獲許可的車輛或司機進入其系統的持證平台，也可能面臨每個不合規車輛或司機 1 萬港元的罰款和六個月的監禁。對於後續定罪，最高罰款將上升至每個司機或車輛 2.5 萬港元，監禁時間為一年。未持有所需許可證或在未持證平台上運營的司機，可能面臨高達 1 萬港元的罰款和六個月的監禁，重複違法者的罰款將增加至 2.5 萬港元，監禁時間為 12 個月。他們還可能被取消駕駛執照資格一至三年，而他們的車輛在首次違法時可能被扣押六個月，後續定罪則可能被扣押 12 個月。 3. 當局將如何監控打車平台？提議的監管制度將要求平台與運輸署共享運營數據。平台需要保留涵蓋司機和車輛信息、預訂數量、取消情況、乘客等待時間、車費和投訴的記錄。有關當局還計劃與平台建立直接的電子通信渠道，以進行抽查和監控合規性。政府表示，平台可能還需要使用面部識別等技術來驗證司機身份，確保他們駕駛的是自己註冊的車輛。同時，乘客在確認預訂後將通過應用程序收到司機的詳細信息。平台還需提供投訴和客户服務功能。 4. 為什麼堅持 “車主司機” 模式？其中一個較為重要的提議是要求打車車輛只能由其註冊車主在提供服務時使用。官員表示，這一安排旨在防止許可證投機，避免出現類似出租車許可證制度的車輛租賃市場。但優步認為這一提議過於限制，希望許可證能夠在家庭成員之間共享，指出許多現有司機已經使用註冊在親屬名下的車輛。該平台表示，這一安排將提高車輛利用率，並幫助緩解高峰期的供應短缺。 5. 政府將如何決定許可證數量？打車許可證數量的上限是最受期待但尚未回答的細節之一。政府表示，任何上限都需要考慮公眾需求、道路容量和更廣泛的交通生態系統。有關當局估計，目前打車服務每天處理約 19 萬名乘客，約 114,000 次行程，而出租車的乘客數量為 69 萬。官員們還認為，由於大多數打車司機是兼職工作，三輛打車車輛的運營能力大致相當於一輛出租車。在週二的一檔廣播節目中，立法者陳漢彬表示，當局在推出系統時應採取 “謹慎” 的態度。他建議最初的許可證數量可能低於該市目前約 18,000 輛出租車的車隊規模。但優步警告稱，低配額可能導致高峰期高達四成的打車請求無法滿足。該公司還表示，如果供應過於受限，等待時間可能會加倍，車費在繁忙時段可能上漲多達 70%。由前立法者張新宇領導的智能交通聯盟，包括打車平台成員，早前建議在初始階段發放 20,500 個許可證，稱較低的數字可能會給居民的日常生活帶來不便。 6. 乘客可能會注意到哪些變化？政府表示，持證打車車輛將被要求顯示官方識別標記，使乘客和執法人員更容易識別合規車輛。有關當局還計劃推出一個在線系統，允許公眾檢查某輛車是否持有有效許可證。申請許可證的打車平台也可能被要求解釋他們將如何將出租車預訂服務納入其應用程序，並吸引出租車司機加入他們的系統。</p>
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香港計劃實施的網約車制度可能會對你下一次的 Uber 行程產生什麼影響