<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c?x-oss-process=image/auto-orient,1/interlace,1/resize,w_1440,h_1440/quality,q_95/format,jpg" alt="" original-src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c"/></p>
<p>越南政府計劃禁止使用化石燃料動力的摩托車，但遭到反對（Nhac NGUYEN）</p>
<p>每天有數百萬輛排放廢氣的摩托車穿梭於河內狹窄的街道，加劇了該市的空氣污染，但當局已放棄了禁止摩托車的雄心勃勃計劃，轉而支持電動兩輪車。</p>
<p>機動車排放佔該市污染問題的一半以上——有些日子，河內在有害空氣的世界排名中名列前茅——但這座城市依賴於兩輪車，其中絕大多數仍由化石燃料驅動。</p>
<p>越南共產黨政府去年宣佈計劃禁止在河內歷史中心的 26 平方公里（10 平方英里）區域內使用汽油摩托車。</p>
<p>面對騎行者的反對和充電站建設的延誤，當局已將提案縮減至僅覆蓋 0.5 平方公里的 11 條街道。</p>
<p>即便是這樣的小規模 “低排放區”，也僅在週五晚上和部分週末禁止汽油摩托車——而這一計劃本身也充滿不確定性。</p>
<p>這是一項顯著的退讓，突顯了即使在一個幾乎不容忍異議的威權國家，推動向電動車轉型的困難。</p>
<p>“我認為幾乎所有人都反對這一禁令，” 24 歲的河內居民、研究員 Phuong Anh Nguyen 説，她騎着一輛汽油摩托車。</p>
<p>她同意污染是一個主要問題，並因空氣質量差而遭受長期擁堵，但她不想換車，稱電動車 “需要頻繁維護，並且存在我可能無法完全理解的風險”。</p>
<p>本月，市政府官員甚至拒絕簽署縮減後的禁令——將決定推遲到 6 月，使原定於 7 月 1 日實施的計劃充滿疑問。</p>
<p>“這很少見，但確實發生過，” 越南分析師 Nguyen Khac Giang 談到市政府決定改變方向時表示。</p>
<p>“當他們的合法性受到威脅時，政府往往會退縮……我認為這就是放鬆汽油摩托車禁令的原因。”</p>
<p>- ‘不夠’ -</p>
<p>摩托車在河內隨處可見，近 700 萬輛摩托車被通勤者、家庭或裝載貨物的人使用，摩托車的數量大約是汽車的七倍。</p>
<p>在越南，兩輪車佔據主導地位，公共交通有限，許多人無法負擔汽車，使其成為全球第四大摩托車市場。</p>
<p>儘管仍以內燃機摩托車為主，但政府一直在逐步鼓勵電動車的採用，胡志明市也計劃逐步淘汰汽油摩托車，儘管時間表較慢。</p>
<p>當河內的禁令去年 7 月首次宣佈時，主要生產汽油摩托車的製造商紛紛表示反對，報道稱本田等公司警告越南工廠可能會失去工作崗位。</p>
<p>當地電動車製造商 VinFast 的銷量隨之激增，一些分析師推測該禁令可能部分是為了幫助它。</p>
<p>但 VinFast 去年僅售出約 40 萬輛摩托車，而本田則售出了 260 萬輛。</p>
<p>政府已提出對轉向電動車的人提供最高 500 萬越南盾（約 190 美元）的補貼，而電動車的價格通常在 3000 萬越南盾以上。</p>
<p>“這還不夠——尤其是對我這樣剛畢業的人來説，” 24 歲的 Hanh Nguyen 説。</p>
<p>“我需要更多的支持。”</p>
<p>她還擔心充電站的可用性，儘管政府承諾，但充電站的建設進展緩慢。</p>
<p>- 故障和火災 -</p>
<p>其他騎行者因聽聞故障和電池起火的報道而感到畏懼，一些河內的公寓樓已禁止電動自行車，國家媒體報道。</p>
<p>當局正在努力使充電站更安全，並計劃進行電池更換，這樣的風險較低。</p>
<p>但建設基礎設施需要時間，公眾也需要時間來擺脱對化石燃料的依賴。</p>
<p>去年，歐盟取消了原定於 2035 年生效的新汽油和柴油汽車禁令，而印度則設定了 50 年的電動車轉型時間表。</p>
<p>河內人民委員會尚未立即回覆法新社的評論請求。</p>
<p>前大眾汽車排放工程師 Nguyen Minh Dong 現任電氣化顧問，稱河內急於禁止化石燃料摩托車的做法 “令人困惑”。</p>
<p>“由於基礎設施的限制，變革需要相當長的適應時間，” 他説。</p>
<p>“越南所追求的路線圖並不合適。”</p>
<p>bur-tym/slb/lga</p>

越南 ETF - VanEck Vectors

VNAM

<p>河內當局已撤回禁止汽油摩托車的計劃，轉而支持電動兩輪車，此舉是由於公眾反對和基礎設施延遲。最初的目標是減少空氣污染，但修訂後的提案現在僅在有限的時間內限制汽油摩托車在 11 條街道上行駛。該決定突顯了越南在向電動汽車過渡過程中面臨的挑戰，摩托車在交通中占主導地位。居民們對電動摩托車的維護、充電基礎設施和安全問題仍然存在擔憂</p>

<p><img src="https://imageproxy.pbkrs.com/https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c" alt="" original-src="https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/Xz_se8CtrtDtDPS0GqV0zg--/YXBwaWQ9aGlnaGxhbmRlcjt3PTEyNDI7aD04MjY-/https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.com.sg/7c125f495eecffe1c76380f966fc433c"/></p>
<p>A goverment plan to ban out fossil fuel-powered bikes has met opposition in Vietnam (Nhac NGUYEN)</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>越南政府計劃禁止使用化石燃料動力的摩托車，但遭到反對（Nhac NGUYEN）</p>
</div><p>Millions of exhaust-belching motorbikes zip through Hanoi's narrow streets every day fuelling its chronic air pollution, but authorities have backtracked from an ambitious plan to ban them in favour of electric two-wheelers.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>每天有數百萬輛排放廢氣的摩托車穿梭於河內狹窄的街道，加劇了該市的空氣污染，但當局已放棄了禁止摩托車的雄心勃勃計劃，轉而支持電動兩輪車。</p>
</div><p>Vehicular emissions account for more than half of the capital's pollution problem -- some days it tops world rankings for hazardous air -- but the city runs on two-wheelers, the vast majority of them powered by fossil fuels.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>機動車排放佔該市污染問題的一半以上——有些日子，河內在有害空氣的世界排名中名列前茅——但這座城市依賴於兩輪車，其中絕大多數仍由化石燃料驅動。</p>
</div><p>Vietnam's Communist government last year announced a plan to bar petrol motorbikes from a 26-square-kilometre (10-square-mile) area in Hanoi's historic centre.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>越南共產黨政府去年宣佈計劃禁止在河內歷史中心的 26 平方公里（10 平方英里）區域內使用汽油摩托車。</p>
</div><p>In the face of opposition from riders and delays in building charging stations, authorities have since whittled down the proposal to cover just 11 streets spread over 0.5 square kilometres.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>面對騎行者的反對和充電站建設的延誤，當局已將提案縮減至僅覆蓋 0.5 平方公里的 11 條街道。</p>
</div><p>Even that much smaller &#34;low-emissions zone&#34; would bar petrol bikes only on Friday evenings and some of the weekend -- and is itself in doubt.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>即便是這樣的小規模 “低排放區”，也僅在週五晚上和部分週末禁止汽油摩托車——而這一計劃本身也充滿不確定性。</p>
</div><p>It is a remarkable climb-down, underscoring the difficulty of spurring the transition to electric vehicles even in an authoritarian country that brooks little dissent.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>這是一項顯著的退讓，突顯了即使在一個幾乎不容忍異議的威權國家，推動向電動車轉型的困難。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I think almost everyone opposes the ban,&#34; said Phuong Anh Nguyen, a 24-year-old Hanoi resident who works as a researcher and rides a petrol motorbike.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我認為幾乎所有人都反對這一禁令，” 24 歲的河內居民、研究員 Phuong Anh Nguyen 説，她騎着一輛汽油摩托車。</p>
</div><p>She agrees pollution is a major problem and suffers from chronic congestion she blames on the air, but does not want to switch, saying electric vehicles &#34;require frequent maintenance while carrying risks I may not fully understand&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她同意污染是一個主要問題，並因空氣質量差而遭受長期擁堵，但她不想換車，稱電動車 “需要頻繁維護，並且存在我可能無法完全理解的風險”。</p>
</div><p>This month, city officials declined to sign off on even the scaled-back ban -- postponing the decision to June and throwing its planned July 1 implementation into question.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>本月，市政府官員甚至拒絕簽署縮減後的禁令——將決定推遲到 6 月，使原定於 7 月 1 日實施的計劃充滿疑問。</p>
</div><p>&#34;It's rare but it does happen,&#34; Vietnam analyst Nguyen Khac Giang said of the decision by city authorities to reverse course.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“這很少見，但確實發生過，” 越南分析師 Nguyen Khac Giang 談到市政府決定改變方向時表示。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The government tends to back down when their legitimacy is threatened... and I think that is what drives the loosening of the petrol bike ban regulations.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“當他們的合法性受到威脅時，政府往往會退縮……我認為這就是放鬆汽油摩托車禁令的原因。”</p>
</div><p>- 'Not enough' -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- ‘不夠’ -</p>
</div><p>Motorbikes are ubiquitous in Hanoi, with nearly seven million used by commuters, families or weighed down by piles of goods, and they outnumber cars roughly seven to one.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>摩托車在河內隨處可見，近 700 萬輛摩托車被通勤者、家庭或裝載貨物的人使用，摩托車的數量大約是汽車的七倍。</p>
</div><p>Two-wheelers reign supreme across Vietnam, where public transport is limited and many cannot afford cars, making it the world's fourth-largest motorbike market.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>在越南，兩輪車佔據主導地位，公共交通有限，許多人無法負擔汽車，使其成為全球第四大摩托車市場。</p>
</div><p>It is still dominated by internal combustion engine bikes, but the government has been gradually encouraging electric vehicle adoption, with Ho Chi Minh City also planning to phase out petrol bikes, although on a slower timeline.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>儘管仍以內燃機摩托車為主，但政府一直在逐步鼓勵電動車的採用，胡志明市也計劃逐步淘汰汽油摩托車，儘管時間表較慢。</p>
</div><p>When the Hanoi ban was first announced last July, manufacturers of mainly petrol bikes lined up in opposition, with Honda and others warning of job losses at Vietnam plants, according to news reports.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>當河內的禁令去年 7 月首次宣佈時，主要生產汽油摩托車的製造商紛紛表示反對，報道稱本田等公司警告越南工廠可能會失去工作崗位。</p>
</div><p>Local EV-maker VinFast has since seen a surge in sales, and some analysts speculate the ban may have been designed partly to help it.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>當地電動車製造商 VinFast 的銷量隨之激增，一些分析師推測該禁令可能部分是為了幫助它。</p>
</div><p>But VinFast only sold around 400,000 bikes last year, compared to Honda's 2.6 million.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但 VinFast 去年僅售出約 40 萬輛摩托車，而本田則售出了 260 萬輛。</p>
</div><p>The government has floated subsidies of up to 5 million Vietnamese dong ($190) for people switching to electric bikes that can cost upwards of 30 million.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>政府已提出對轉向電動車的人提供最高 500 萬越南盾（約 190 美元）的補貼，而電動車的價格通常在 3000 萬越南盾以上。</p>
</div><p>&#34;That is not enough -- especially for someone like me who has only recently graduated,&#34; said 24-year-old Hanh Nguyen.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“這還不夠——尤其是對我這樣剛畢業的人來説，” 24 歲的 Hanh Nguyen 説。</p>
</div><p>&#34;I would need greater support.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“我需要更多的支持。”</p>
</div><p>She also worries about the availability of charging stations, which have been slow to materialise despite government promises.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>她還擔心充電站的可用性，儘管政府承諾，但充電站的建設進展緩慢。</p>
</div><p>- Failures and fires -</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>- 故障和火災 -</p>
</div><p>Other riders are put off by reports of breakdowns and battery fires, and some Hanoi apartment buildings have banned e-bikes, according to state media.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>其他騎行者因聽聞故障和電池起火的報道而感到畏懼，一些河內的公寓樓已禁止電動自行車，國家媒體報道。</p>
</div><p>Authorities are working to make charging stations safer and making plans for battery swapping, which carries lower risks.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>當局正在努力使充電站更安全，並計劃進行電池更換，這樣的風險較低。</p>
</div><p>But building infrastructure takes time, as does weening the public off fossil fuels.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>但建設基礎設施需要時間，公眾也需要時間來擺脱對化石燃料的依賴。</p>
</div><p>The EU last year scrapped a landmark ban on new petrol and diesel cars set to come into effect in 2035, and India has set a 50-year timeline for transitioning to electric vehicles.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>去年，歐盟取消了原定於 2035 年生效的新汽油和柴油汽車禁令，而印度則設定了 50 年的電動車轉型時間表。</p>
</div><p>The Hanoi People's Council did not immediately reply to AFP's request for comment.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>河內人民委員會尚未立即回覆法新社的評論請求。</p>
</div><p>Nguyen Minh Dong, a former Volkswagen emissions engineer who now advises on electrification, called the rush to ban fossil fuel bikes in Hanoi &#34;puzzling&#34;.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>前大眾汽車排放工程師 Nguyen Minh Dong 現任電氣化顧問，稱河內急於禁止化石燃料摩托車的做法 “令人困惑”。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The change requires a considerable amount of time to adapt due to infrastructure limitations,&#34; he said.</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“由於基礎設施的限制，變革需要相當長的適應時間，” 他説。</p>
</div><p>&#34;The roadmap that Vietnam is aiming for is unsuitable.&#34;</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>“越南所追求的路線圖並不合適。”</p>
</div><p>bur-tym/slb/lga</p>
<div class="lb-trans"><p>bur-tym/slb/lga</p>
</div>

河內暫停實施汽油摩托車禁令